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Distinguish between phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
Distinguish between phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
Phagocytosis is 'cell-eating' involving engulfing solid material, while pinocytosis is 'cell-drinking' involving taking up excess liquid.
Give an example of phagocytosis and identify the cell type involved.
Give an example of phagocytosis and identify the cell type involved.
An example is in feeding in amoeba, neutrophils, and macrophages that engulf foreign material. They are white blood cells.
Describe an example of exocytosis and identify the cell type involved.
Describe an example of exocytosis and identify the cell type involved.
Exocytosis involves secretory cells.
Explain why cytosis is affected by changes in oxygen level, whereas diffusion is not.
Explain why cytosis is affected by changes in oxygen level, whereas diffusion is not.
Identify the processes by which the following substances enter a living macrophage: a) Oxygen: _ b) Cellular debris: _ c) Water: _ d) Glucose: _
Identify the processes by which the following substances enter a living macrophage: a) Oxygen: _ b) Cellular debris: _ c) Water: _ d) Glucose: _
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Study Notes
Phagocytosis vs. Pinocytosis
- Phagocytosis, known as 'cell-eating,' involves engulfing solid particles to form large vesicles or vacuoles.
- Pinocytosis, termed 'cell-drinking,' involves the uptake of non-specific liquids or fine suspensions, resulting in small pinocytic vesicles.
- Pinocytosis occurs continuously in response to cellular needs for liquid.
Example of Phagocytosis
- Amoeba, neutrophils, and macrophages perform phagocytosis by engulfing foreign materials and cellular debris.
- Neutrophils and macrophages are types of white blood cells essential for immune response through phagocytosis.
Example of Exocytosis
- Exocytosis is a process where secretory cells export materials, typically involving the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane to release contents outside the cell.
Impact of Oxygen Levels on Cytosis vs. Diffusion
- Cytosis is sensitive to changes in oxygen levels due to metabolic demands and energy requirements for vesicle formation and transport, unlike diffusion, which relies solely on concentration gradients and is passive.
Substances Entering a Macrophage
- Oxygen enters a macrophage through simple diffusion.
- Cellular debris enters via phagocytosis.
- Water is absorbed through osmosis and pinocytosis.
- Glucose enters primarily through facilitated diffusion via specific transport proteins.
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