Mutation Example 3: DNA and mRNA Sequences
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of DNA in living cells?

  • To provide structural support to the cell
  • To synthesize proteins
  • To determine the characteristics passed from parent to child (correct)
  • To regulate cell division

    • What is the role of mRNA in the process of information flow?

  • To replicate DNA
  • To store genetic information
  • To act as a short-term messenger (correct)
  • To translate genetic code into proteins

    • What is the difference between DNA and RNA structure?

  • DNA has a sugar called glucose, while RNA has a sugar called ribose
  • DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded (correct)
  • DNA has a phosphate group, while RNA does not
  • DNA is single-stranded, while RNA is double-stranded

    • What is the process by which genetic information is passed from DNA to mRNA?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of genes in living cells?

    <p>To determine the characteristics of an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common feature of DNA replication, transcription, and translation in all living organisms?

    <p>They all use DNA as the genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the mutation in example 1 on the original DNA coding sequence?

    <p>A substitution of one nucleotide base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the mutation in example 1 on the original mRNA sequence?

    <p>A substitution of one nucleotide base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the original and mutated mRNA sequences in example 2?

    <p>A deletion of one nucleotide base and a substitution of another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the mutation in example 2 on the original DNA coding sequence?

    <p>A deletion of one nucleotide base and a substitution of another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the original DNA coding sequence and the original mRNA sequence?

    <p>The mRNA sequence is a transcribed copy of the DNA coding sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the mutation in example 2 on the original amino acid sequence?

    <p>A change in the amino acid sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the original DNA coding sequence in the provided example?

    <p>5’ ATG CCC AAA AGA AGT CGC TAT GTG TAG 3’</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is aneuploidy?

    <p>The presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes aneuploidy?

    <p>Nondisjunction during meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of non-disjunction events during meiosis?

    <p>Gametes with an extra chromosome and one with one too few chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mutated mRNA sequence in the provided example?

    <p>5’ AUG CCC UAA AGA AGU CGC UAU GUG UAG 3’</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the original amino acid sequence in the provided example?

    <p>Not provided in the example</p> Signup and view all the answers

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