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Mutagens and Their Types

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a chemical mutagen?

Formaldehyde
Nitrous acid
Mustard gas
Ultraviolet radiation (correct)

Which of the following is a biological mutagen?

X-rays
Aflatoxin from contaminated nuts (correct)
Very high temperature
Benzene

What type of mutation involves changes to the structure of chromosomes?

Silent mutation
Gene mutation
Chromosomal mutation (correct)
Point mutation

Which of the following is a potential consequence of a mutagen's action?

<p>Reduced protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Which of the following is NOT considered to be a type of mutagen?

<p>Hormones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mutagen

An agent that induces mutations in DNA.

Physical Agents of Mutagens

Physical factors like X-rays, UV rays, and high temperatures causing mutations.

Chemical Agents of Mutagens

Substances like tar, mustard gas, and benzene that cause mutations.

Gene Mutation

A change in the base sequence of a DNA molecule.

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Chromosomal Mutation

Changes in chromosome structure or number within a cell.

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Study Notes

Mutagens

Mutagens are agents that induce mutations.
Mutagens are classified into three types: physical, chemical, and biological.

Physical Agents

X-rays
Ultraviolet rays
Gamma rays
Very high temperatures

Chemical Agents

Tar in cigarette smoke
Mustard gas
Nitrous acid
Benzene
Formaldehyde
Asbestos

Biological Agents

Some viruses (e.g., HPV)
Food contaminants
Mycotoxins from fungi
Aflatoxin from contaminated nuts
Chemicals in charred meat

Types of Mutations

Gene Mutation: A change in the sequence of bases in one part of a DNA molecule.
Chromosomal Mutation: Changes to the structure of a chromosome or the total number of chromosomes in a cell.

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