Music Chapter 26 - Haydn and the Symphony

Questions and Answers

The heart of the Classical orchestra was the string family.

True

Who was the composer of the London Symphonies?

Joseph Haydn

Haydn's Symphony No. 100 was first presented in _. Its nickname comes from the use of percussion instruments associated with _____ military music.

London; Turkish

What nationality are Janissary bands?

Turkish Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following musical elements did the German Classical symphonists contribute to the symphony genre?

The use of 'steamroller' Signup and view all the answers

What meter does Haydn use in the second movement of his Symphony No. 100 to emulate a march?

duple Signup and view all the answers

How many instrument families were present in the Classical-era orchestra?

four (string, woodwinds, brass, percussion) Signup and view all the answers

How many movements does Haydn's Symphony No. 100 have?

2 movements Signup and view all the answers

How is the melody of Haydn's Symphony No. 100 characterized?

Simple, graceful theme, in regular phrases Signup and view all the answers

What is the rhythm/meter of Haydn's Symphony No. 100?

regular duple meter Signup and view all the answers

Describe the harmony in Haydn's Symphony No. 100.

Change from C major to C minor, then back to C major Signup and view all the answers

What is the texture of Haydn's Symphony No. 100?

Homophonic Signup and view all the answers

What is the form of the second movement in Haydn's Symphony No. 100?

Three parts (A-B-A) Signup and view all the answers

What expression characteristic is found in Haydn's Symphony No. 100?

Sudden dynamic contrasts Signup and view all the answers

What performing forces were utilized in Haydn's Symphony No. 100?

Large orchestra, including woodwinds, trumpets, french horns, and many percussion instruments Signup and view all the answers

From which older genre did the symphony evolve?

Italian opera overture Signup and view all the answers

Haydn's Symphony No. 100 was not well received by the British public.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes Haydn's role in the development of the Classical-era symphony?

He is the father of the symphony Signup and view all the answers

In Haydn's Symphony No. 100, which instruments were utilized to emulate 'Turkish' musical sounds?

Cymbal and triangle Signup and view all the answers

What is the nickname of Haydn's Symphony No. 100?

Military Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are characteristics of the second movement of Haydn's Military Symphony?

Simple and graceful theme Signup and view all the answers

Percussion is absent from the second movement of Haydn's Symphony No. 100.

False Signup and view all the answers

The Classical orchestra typically included how many players?

Thirty to forty Signup and view all the answers

The form of the second movement in Haydn's Symphony No. 100 is in how many parts?

3 parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for a Classical theme that quickly ascends from a low register to a high register?

the 'rocket name' Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classical Orchestra and Symphony

The string family served as the core component of the Classical orchestra.
Joseph Haydn composed the renowned London Symphonies.
Haydn's Symphony No. 100, nicknamed "Military," debuted in London and features percussion reminiscent of Turkish military music.

Cultural Influences and Genres

Janissary bands are of Turkish origin.
The Classical symphony genre was influenced by the Italian opera overture.

Contributions to Symphony Development

German Classical symphonists introduced musical elements like the "rocket theme" and "steamroller" effect.
Haydn is credited as the "father of the symphony," having composed approximately 100 symphonies including 12 intended for London audiences.

Structure and Composition of Symphony No. 100

Symphony No. 100 consists of two main movements:
- I. Adagio-Allegro in sonata-allegro form, G major.
- II. Allegretto in A-B-A' form, C major.
The melody is characterized by a simple, graceful theme organized in regular phrases.
Regular duple meter is utilized to evoke a march-like quality in the second movement.

Musical Elements in Symphony No. 100

Harmonic progression shifts from C major to C minor and back to C major.
Texture of the symphony is homophonic.
The second movement exhibits sudden dynamic contrasts and is structured in three parts.
The large orchestra includes woodwinds, trumpets, French horns, and various percussion instruments.

Reception and Impact

Haydn's Symphony No. 100 initially faced criticism and was not well received by the British public.
Instruments like cymbals and triangles were included to imitate Turkish musical sounds, contributing to its "military" nickname.
The typical Classical orchestra encompassed 30 to 40 players, showcasing a blend of instrument families: strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion.

Notable Features

The second movement features key characteristics such as a duple meter and a simple, graceful theme while notably lacking percussion instruments.

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Description

Test your knowledge about Joseph Haydn and his contributions to the symphonic genre in this flashcard quiz. Discover key facts about his London Symphonies and the essential role of the string family in the Classical orchestra.