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Which characteristic is commonly associated with Gothic architecture?
What was a primary function of the Egyptian temples?
Which architectural feature is notable in Byzantine architecture?
What does the term 'mastaba' refer to in ancient Egyptian architecture?
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Which of the following is NOT a style of Greek architecture?
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What is the primary significance of the Pyramids of Giza in Egyptian architecture?
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What distinguishes Romanesque architecture from earlier styles?
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Which era is noted for its distinctive use of mosaics?
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What is the purpose of the FITNES SELF-ASSESSMENT tests?
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What percentage of the Personal Maximal Heart Rate (PMHR) is used to calculate the minimum heart rate for moderate exercise?
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Which of the following activities is classified as a vigorous activity?
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What should be added to the result of Step 3 to find the minimum heart rate during moderate intensity exercise?
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What is a primary goal of warm-up exercises before physical activity?
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Which of the following injury types is characterized by overstretching of ligaments?
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In the formula for calculating the Target Heart Rate (THR), what does THR stand for?
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What is one of the common first aid methods for treating a sprain?
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Which characteristic is commonly associated with Sacred music in the Renaissance period?
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Which of the following genres is not typically associated with the Baroque period?
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What is a key feature of the Fugue in Baroque music?
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What term describes the Baroque vocalist who performs solo pieces with orchestral accompaniment?
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Which composer is notably associated with the Renaissance period in music?
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Which statement about the elements of art is correct?
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Which characteristic can be associated with the Medieval music period?
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Which element of design is primarily concerned with the distribution of visual weight in art?
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What is the first step in providing first aid for heat exhaustion?
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What should you NOT do when dealing with a fracture or dislocation?
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Which environmental problem is caused by heavy rain leading to sudden floods?
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What is a major consequence of illegal mining?
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Which of the following actions is correct for treating heat exhaustion if the person is alert?
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What is the primary cause of soil erosion?
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What percentage of the world's coral reefs has been affected by degradation?
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Which term describes any variation in the purity or quality of water bodies?
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Study Notes
ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
- Fundamental components include melody, harmony, rhythm, texture, timbre, and dynamics.
- Elements uniquely define musical characteristics and influence compositions.
MUSIC OF MEDIEVAL PERIOD
- Characterized by plainchant, such as Gregorian Chant.
- Development of early polyphony.
- Notable musicians include Hildegard von Bingen and Guillaume de Machaut.
MUSIC OF RENAISSANCE PERIOD
- Focus on vocal music and a balanced polyphonic style.
- Utilization of sacred and secular themes in compositions.
- Prominent composers include Josquin des Prez and Thomas Tallis.
MUSIC OF BAROQUE PERIOD
- Distinguished by ornamentation, contrast, and expressive melodies.
- Emergence of opera as a musical genre.
- Key composers include Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, and Antonio Vivaldi.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSIC
MEDIEVAL
- Integration of sacred themes and monophonic texture.
- Emergence of notation systems to preserve music.
RENAISSANCE
- Continued evolution of polyphony with rich harmonies.
- Increased use of instruments alongside vocal music.
BAROQUE
- Introduction of forms like concerto and opera.
- Dramatic contrasts in dynamics and instrumentation.
KINDS OF MUSIC AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
SACRED MUSIC
MEDIEVAL
- Primarily focused on religious themes, chants, and hymns.
RENAISSANCE
- Varieties include syllabic, neumatic, and melismatic settings.
SECULAR MUSIC
MEDIEVAL
- Emphasized courtly and folk themes, with simple melodies.
RENAISSANCE
- Richer textures with diverse styles, including madrigals.
MUSICAL GENRES
BAROQUE
- OPERA: Combines drama and music, featuring arias and ensembles.
- ORATORIO: Religious works similar to opera but not staged, often includes choir.
- TOCATTA: Virtuosic pieces for keyboard instruments.
- CONCERTO: Features a solo instrument with orchestral accompaniment.
- CONCERTO GROSSO: Composition for a group of soloists and orchestra.
- FUGUE: A polyphonic composition based on a theme.
- CHORALE: A hymn tune associated with Lutheran worship.
COMPOSERS
MEDIEVAL COMPOSERS
- Adam de la Halle: Noted for contributions to secular music and plays.
RENAISSANCE COMPOSERS
- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina: Renowned for polyphonic sacred music.
- Thomas Morley: Expanded madrigal styles and popular song forms.
BAROQUE COMPOSERS
- Johann Sebastian Bach: Master of counterpoint; prolific in various forms.
- Antonio Vivaldi: Known for "The Four Seasons"; vibrant violin concertos.
- George Friedrich Händel: Famous for oratorios, particularly "Messiah".
WESTERN CLASSICAL ART TRADITION
CLASSIFICATION OF ART
- Ancient Art (1,500,000 BC - 2,000 BC): Signified primitive expressions.
- Classical Art (2,000 BC - 400 BC): Focused on form and proportion.
- Medieval Art (400 BC - 1,400 AD): Characterized by religious themes.
ELEMENTS OF ART
- Shape: 2D representation defined by lines.
- Form: 3D structure with volume, including height, width, and depth.
- Line: Movement defined in space, forming boundaries or shapes.
- Color: Defined by hue, intensity, and value.
- Value: Represents the lightness or darkness of a color.
- Space: Positive and negative areas creating a sense of depth.
- Texture: Describes the surface quality of an artwork.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
- Rhythm: Repetition of elements to create movement.
- Balance: Distribution of visual weight.
- Emphasis: Drawing attention to focal areas.
- Proportion: Relationship between elements in a composition.
- Harmony: Unity of elements leading to coherence.
- Variety: Use of different elements to create interest.
- Movement: Guiding the viewer’s eye through the artwork.
PAINTINGS
PRE-HISTORIC ERA
- Cave of Lascaux: Significant for ancient human expression through art.
ANCIENT EGYPT
- Known for paintings depicting daily life and afterlife beliefs.
GREEK ERA
- Emphasis on human form and mythology, using techniques like fresco.
SCULPTURES
PRE-HISTORIC ERA
- Focus on fertility figures and totemic representations.
EGYPTIAN ERA
- Characterized by realistic portrayals idealizing rulers.
GREEK PERIOD
- Focused on anatomical accuracy and ideal beauty.
ARCHITECTURE
Prehistoric Architecture
- Known for megaliths, with structures like Stonehenge.
EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE
- Iconic features include pyramids and monumental temples.
GREEK ARCHITECTURE
- Notable for three styles: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION 9
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
- Involves any movement resulting in energy expenditure.
WELLNESS, HEALTH, FITNESS
- Wellness: A proactive approach to health through lifestyle choices.
- Health: Overall well-being encompassing physical, mental, and social aspects.
- Physical Fitness: A state of health characterized by bodily strength, endurance, and flexibility.
FIRST AID IN SPORTS OFFICIATING
- Knowledge of injuries like sprains and strains is essential.
- RICE method for injuries: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation.
COMMUNITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH OBJECTIVES
COMMUNITY HEALTH
- Focuses on health services and education in communities.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A HEALTHY COMMUNITY
- Includes accessible healthcare, clean environment, and active participation.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
- Deforestation: Leads to habitat loss and climate issues.
- Flash Floods: Often a result of heavy rainfall events.
- Illegal Mining: Environmental degradation without proper permits.
- Soil Erosion: Loss of soil due to natural elements like wind and rain.
- Coral Reef Degradation: Affects marine biodiversity.
- Pollution: Includes air and water contamination affecting health and ecosystems.
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Description
Explore the essential elements of music as well as the distinct characteristics and types of music from the Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods. This quiz will challenge your knowledge about sacred music and its evolution through different eras. Test your understanding of how these periods have shaped the music we know today.
