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Questions and Answers
What is a crucial nursing intervention for a patient with a cast to prevent complications?
What is a crucial nursing intervention for a patient with a cast to prevent complications?
Which of the following is an early sign of compartment syndrome?
Which of the following is an early sign of compartment syndrome?
What is a primary concern with the management of traction in orthopedic care?
What is a primary concern with the management of traction in orthopedic care?
Fat embolism syndrome is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
Fat embolism syndrome is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
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What indication suggests a risk for infection at a pin insertion site in skeletal traction?
What indication suggests a risk for infection at a pin insertion site in skeletal traction?
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Which clinical finding would most likely suggest complications in the presence of a cast?
Which clinical finding would most likely suggest complications in the presence of a cast?
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During the assessment of a patient with a cast, which parameter is critical to monitor?
During the assessment of a patient with a cast, which parameter is critical to monitor?
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Which nursing assessment is essential when monitoring for complications related to a cast?
Which nursing assessment is essential when monitoring for complications related to a cast?
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What is the primary reason for using chlorhexidine in pin care?
What is the primary reason for using chlorhexidine in pin care?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of traction?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of traction?
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What is a key sign indicating the possibility of compartment syndrome?
What is a key sign indicating the possibility of compartment syndrome?
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What might trigger fat embolism in a patient with a femur fracture?
What might trigger fat embolism in a patient with a femur fracture?
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Which of the following strategies is important in nursing management of cast complications?
Which of the following strategies is important in nursing management of cast complications?
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Why is it essential to monitor skin integrity in patients with traction?
Why is it essential to monitor skin integrity in patients with traction?
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In the context of acute complications, what characterizes cast syndrome?
In the context of acute complications, what characterizes cast syndrome?
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What action should a nurse take when compartment syndrome is suspected?
What action should a nurse take when compartment syndrome is suspected?
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What is a key sign that may indicate compartment syndrome?
What is a key sign that may indicate compartment syndrome?
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Which of the following is a nursing intervention to prevent infection at the pin sites of an external fixator?
Which of the following is a nursing intervention to prevent infection at the pin sites of an external fixator?
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What is a possible complication to monitor for in a patient with an open fracture being managed with external fixation?
What is a possible complication to monitor for in a patient with an open fracture being managed with external fixation?
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Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of fat embolism?
Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of fat embolism?
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In managing a cast, what symptom should be reported to the doctor immediately to prevent serious complications?
In managing a cast, what symptom should be reported to the doctor immediately to prevent serious complications?
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What is the recommended position for elevating an injured limb in a cast?
What is the recommended position for elevating an injured limb in a cast?
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What is an essential nursing action to maintain neurovascular status in a patient with a cast?
What is an essential nursing action to maintain neurovascular status in a patient with a cast?
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Which of the following complications is associated with delayed onset after an injury or surgery?
Which of the following complications is associated with delayed onset after an injury or surgery?
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What should be done if a pressure area is identified in a plaster cast?
What should be done if a pressure area is identified in a plaster cast?
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What characteristic might indicate improper blood supply in a patient with a cast?
What characteristic might indicate improper blood supply in a patient with a cast?
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What type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle length remains constant despite the application of force?
What type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle length remains constant despite the application of force?
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Which type of joint allows for movement in multiple directions and includes the wrist joint?
Which type of joint allows for movement in multiple directions and includes the wrist joint?
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What is the main source of energy required for muscle contraction?
What is the main source of energy required for muscle contraction?
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What condition describes the decrease in muscle tone and firmness, resulting in a 'floppy' appearance?
What condition describes the decrease in muscle tone and firmness, resulting in a 'floppy' appearance?
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What structure surrounds the articular bone and is crucial for lubrication and shock absorption in joints?
What structure surrounds the articular bone and is crucial for lubrication and shock absorption in joints?
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What is the main purpose of using traction in orthopedic care?
What is the main purpose of using traction in orthopedic care?
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Which intervention is essential for preventing skin breakdown in patients under traction?
Which intervention is essential for preventing skin breakdown in patients under traction?
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What symptom is characteristic of compartment syndrome that requires immediate medical attention?
What symptom is characteristic of compartment syndrome that requires immediate medical attention?
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Which of the following best describes the management of pin care for external fixators?
Which of the following best describes the management of pin care for external fixators?
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Which factor most contributes to the risk of developing fat embolism syndrome?
Which factor most contributes to the risk of developing fat embolism syndrome?
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What should be assessed regularly to monitor for nerve damage in a patient with a cast?
What should be assessed regularly to monitor for nerve damage in a patient with a cast?
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Which psychological and physiological symptoms could indicate cast syndrome?
Which psychological and physiological symptoms could indicate cast syndrome?
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What is a significant concern regarding the use of tight casts or dressings?
What is a significant concern regarding the use of tight casts or dressings?
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Which statement is true regarding the management of a patient after total hip arthroplasty?
Which statement is true regarding the management of a patient after total hip arthroplasty?
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What indicates that a drain post-operation may need to be removed?
What indicates that a drain post-operation may need to be removed?
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Which condition would NOT typically lead to a total hip arthroplasty?
Which condition would NOT typically lead to a total hip arthroplasty?
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What nursing intervention is essential for a patient post-joint replacement to prevent complications?
What nursing intervention is essential for a patient post-joint replacement to prevent complications?
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When assessing a patient with a pelvic fracture, which of the following symptoms would NOT typically be observed?
When assessing a patient with a pelvic fracture, which of the following symptoms would NOT typically be observed?
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Which diagnostic test is used to assess bone density and the risk of fractures?
Which diagnostic test is used to assess bone density and the risk of fractures?
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What does a physical assessment of posture, joints, and spine help to determine?
What does a physical assessment of posture, joints, and spine help to determine?
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What is the purpose of an arthrocentesis procedure?
What is the purpose of an arthrocentesis procedure?
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Which factor can significantly impede the healing process in patients with musculoskeletal issues?
Which factor can significantly impede the healing process in patients with musculoskeletal issues?
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What is an important aspect of monitoring a patient in a cast to prevent complications?
What is an important aspect of monitoring a patient in a cast to prevent complications?
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Which lab value increases with fracture healing and is also seen in certain cancers?
Which lab value increases with fracture healing and is also seen in certain cancers?
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What should a nurse educate a patient about regarding activities with a cast?
What should a nurse educate a patient about regarding activities with a cast?
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What is indicated by contractures in a patient's joint?
What is indicated by contractures in a patient's joint?
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What is a potential long-term complication associated with a pelvic fracture?
What is a potential long-term complication associated with a pelvic fracture?
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What assessment is crucial for understanding the extent of injuries in a patient with a pelvic fracture?
What assessment is crucial for understanding the extent of injuries in a patient with a pelvic fracture?
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Which symptom may indicate the presence of fat emboli in a patient recovering from a fracture?
Which symptom may indicate the presence of fat emboli in a patient recovering from a fracture?
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What is the recommended positioning for a patient with a humeral fracture?
What is the recommended positioning for a patient with a humeral fracture?
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What is a common symptom of fat embolism syndrome that may develop days after the initial injury?
What is a common symptom of fat embolism syndrome that may develop days after the initial injury?
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Which management approach can help prevent complications after a long bone fracture?
Which management approach can help prevent complications after a long bone fracture?
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In managing a clavicle fracture, what should be avoided to promote proper healing?
In managing a clavicle fracture, what should be avoided to promote proper healing?
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Which clinical finding is associated with hypoxia after a fat embolism?
Which clinical finding is associated with hypoxia after a fat embolism?
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What should be avoided to ensure proper healing after a total hip replacement?
What should be avoided to ensure proper healing after a total hip replacement?
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What is the primary purpose of traction?
What is the primary purpose of traction?
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What is a recommended care tip for managing skin traction?
What is a recommended care tip for managing skin traction?
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In the event of a hip fracture, which condition may occur due to poor blood supply?
In the event of a hip fracture, which condition may occur due to poor blood supply?
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What should be done when a dislocation occurs?
What should be done when a dislocation occurs?
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Which of the following is a sign of potential circulatory impairment in a patient under traction?
Which of the following is a sign of potential circulatory impairment in a patient under traction?
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What should be the approach to dressing after a hip replacement?
What should be the approach to dressing after a hip replacement?
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What dietary consideration is essential to prevent complications post-surgery?
What dietary consideration is essential to prevent complications post-surgery?
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What characteristic is important in maintaining the integrity of traction equipment?
What characteristic is important in maintaining the integrity of traction equipment?
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What immediate actions should be taken to manage a contusion?
What immediate actions should be taken to manage a contusion?
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What is a primary concern when assessing pin sites in skeletal traction?
What is a primary concern when assessing pin sites in skeletal traction?
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Why should a patient under traction be monitored for skin integrity?
Why should a patient under traction be monitored for skin integrity?
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Which type of traction is known to involve the use of heavier weights and is for more severe injuries?
Which type of traction is known to involve the use of heavier weights and is for more severe injuries?
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Post-surgery, which practice is most effective in preventing DVT?
Post-surgery, which practice is most effective in preventing DVT?
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Study Notes
Musculoskeletal System
- 206 bones in the human body
- Bones are composed of cortical (compact) and cancellous (spongy) tissue
- Bone function includes protection of vital organs, movement, blood cell production, and mineral storage
- Bone is in a constant state of remodeling and regeneration
- Exercise, diet (calcium, vitamin D), and thyroid function impact bone formation and maintenance
- Bone mass typically peaks by age 20
- Bone healing involves three phases: reactive, reparative, and remodeling
Bone Fracture Healing
- Reactive phase: initial bleeding, clot formation, cytokine release, and angiogenesis.
- Reparative phase: granulation tissue, callus formation, and woven bone formation
- Remodeling phase: new bone formation to replace previous bone and necrotic bone removal
Joints
- Types of joints: ball-and-socket, hinge, saddle, pivot, and gliding
- Joints are often involved in movement
- Joint capsule: surrounds the articular surfaces and is lined with synovial fluid, aiding in shock absorption
- Ligaments and tendons connect bones and muscles to the bone
Muscles
- Muscles are composed of cells and connective tissue called fascia
- Muscles are attached to bones by tendons
- Muscles contract using Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
- Muscle fatigue can occur due to lactic acid buildup
- Muscle tone is the maintenance of muscle fibers in a contracted state
- Muscle disorders include fasciculation, atrophy, and hypertrophy
Assessment
- Medical history, past medical history, medications, pain, sensory disturbance are assessed
- Physical examination of posture, joints, inflammation, ROM, spine (kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis), neurovascular signs, and movement are assessed to assess bone and muscle function.
Diagnostic Tests
- X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, DEXA scans, blood tests, and EMG are used to diagnose musculoskeletal conditions and injuries.
Casts and Traction
- Maintaining vascular status, sensory status, and preventing pressure areas is crucial for cast care
- Compartment syndrome is a potential complication of casts
- Traction is used to manage pain, reduce muscle spasms, align, and immobilize fractures.
Hip Fractures
- Common in older females due to osteoporosis
- External rotation, shortening of the leg, groin/groin pain are potential symptoms
- Hip precautions should be followed to prevent dislocation and complications
- Priorities: respiratory support, circulatory checks, pain control, prevention of immobility
Musculoskeletal Injuries
- Common injuries: fractures, sprains, strains, dislocations, and contusions
- Treatment for injuries: PRICE (protection, rest, ice, compression, elevation)
Nursing Care
- Monitoring for complications, including infections and compartment syndrome, is a key role for nurses.
- Assessments like neurovascular checks (6 Ps) and pain management must be regular parts of care.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the musculoskeletal system, including the structure and function of bones and joints. Learn about bone healing processes and the impact of lifestyle on bone health. Perfect for students studying human anatomy.
