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Questions and Answers
Tell patients to get at least 15 minutes of sunlight for adequate vitamin ______
D
Weightlifting helps strengthen both bone and ______
muscle
Patients with osteoporosis may need braces to prevent ______ fractures
pathological
Osteoporosis is characterized by demineralization of the ______
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Osteomalacia is a condition characterized by the softening of ______
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Patients with osteomalacia may need a back brace or leg braces for bone ______
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Paget's disease involves overgrowth of new bone and delayed breakdown of old ______
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Musculoskeletal disorders can lead to osteoarthritis and rheumatoid ______
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Arthritis is essentially inflammation of the ______
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Decreased mobility in arthritis patients can result in pain and joint ______
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A decrease in mobility can lead to risks such as pressure ulcer and ______
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Nursing considerations must focus on the specific disease or illness process to address ______
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Patients with arthritis may experience decreased range of ______
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Interventions are needed to mitigate the effects of decreased mobility in arthritis patients, such as promoting ______
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Patients with osteoarthritis will usually be diagnosed with this in their ______ and geriatric years.
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RA symptomologies make patients with rheumatoid arthritis feel as though they're an ______.
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Gout is also known as rich man's disease due to the breakdown of ______.
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Recurrent gout exacerbations along paired with the healing phase and recovery phase can lead to tissue and joint ______.
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During an acute gout attack, patients experience an acute ______ state.
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NSAIDs help with the pain and the ______ process in gout.
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Allopurinol is the long-term medication for ______ of gout.
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Patients with softened bones may experience complications in areas of bone overgrowth that impact other body systems, such as over the __________ where the heart and the lungs lie.
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Pathological fractures are associated with _________.
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Fractures can be complete or incomplete, closed or open, and comminuted where the bone __________.
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Stress fractures occur due to intense pressure on the bone and can lead to a ________ in response to that pressure.
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Nerve involvement in fractures can lead to symptoms like paresthesia, ________, and paralysis.
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Primary healing may require a patient to undergo ORIF, which stands for open reduction internal fixation, involving surgery and the application of materials like pin screws, plates, and ________.
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Postoperative concerns after primary healing include early ambulation and joint mobility to prevent ________ where the joint has been operated on.
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The surgical site popping out of place can be prevented by using _____
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For healing process, patients need supplemental vitamins like B vitamins, vitamin C, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, and _____
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Increasing protein levels supports the healing process and helps what cells to function?
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To keep the body well-hydrated during healing, patients need increased _____
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_____ reduction involves realigning the bone by putting opposing pressure to the affected site.
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A cast is applied externally to a body part and concerns about perfusion and circulation arise, particularly about the development of _____ syndrome.
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Traction is an external pulley system applied to hold a body part in place while the joint or bone _____ itself.
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Patients with fractures may need ______ traction to hold the fracture or misaligned joint in place.
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With bucks traction, there is discomfort due to a weight pulling at the patient's body part, leading to pain and ______.
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Considerations for skin integrity are important due to tape and adhesive applied directly to the patient's ______.
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Skin maceration and tearing are concerns with the adhesive used in traction, leading to potential skin ______.
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Patients in traction may develop pressure injuries due to prolonged ______ in bed.
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Infection of the insertion site or bone are additional considerations with ______ traction.
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The priority consideration with both bucks traction and skeletal traction is to ensure the appropriate amount of ______ is being exerted.
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Making sure the weights are hanging at the appropriate level and never touching the ground helps maintain the correct ______ in traction.
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If the weights in traction are either too much or too little, an inappropriate ______ is applied to the patient's affected body part.
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The doctor's orders should always be followed to ensure the appropriate amounts of weight are on the ______ system in traction.
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Study Notes
Educating Patients with Chronic Pain
- Educate patients about diet, medication administration, and symptom management to alleviate chronic pain
- Teach patients how to manage pain with NSAIDs and avoid exacerbations when sitting, walking, or resting
- Emphasize the importance of rest periods and planned mobility to prevent complications like atelectasis and pressure injuries
- Encourage patients to premedicate before engaging in activities that may provoke pain
Metabolic Bone Diseases
- Osteoporosis: demineralization of bones, loss of bone mass
- Osteomalacia: softening of bones, often due to vitamin D deficiency
- Paget's disease: overgrowth of new bone and delayed breakdown of old bone
- Importance of vitamin D and calcium supplementation in managing these conditions
- Fall prevention measures, such as braces, surgery, and weight resistance exercises, to prevent pathological fractures
Arthritis
- Osteoarthritis: wear and tear disease, typically diagnosed in middle to geriatric years
- Rheumatoid arthritis: autoimmune disease, diagnosed in twenties to thirties
- Decreased mobility, decreased range of motion, and chronic pain are common symptoms
- Interventions: NSAIDs, steroids, physical therapy, and counseling to address body image and self-esteem issues
- Gout: buildup of uric acid crystals in synovial fluid, often affecting smaller joints
- Acute gout attacks: inflammatory response, pain, and swelling
- Long-term management: diet modification, weight control, and medication (allopurinol, colchicine)
Paget's Disease
- Causes unknown, suspected genetic and environmental factors
- Complications: pathological fractures, nerve compression, hearing loss, and headaches
- Priority nursing considerations: patient education, fall prevention, and management of chronic pain
- Fracture management: complete or incomplete, closed or open, comminuted or non-comminuted
- Clinical manifestations: pain, deformity, nerve involvement, and decreased mobility
- Treatment: ORIF (open reduction internal fixation), primary and secondary healing, and postoperative care
Casts and Traction
- Casts: external devices to immobilize and facilitate healing
- Traction: external pulley system to hold body part in place
- Skin traction: tape and gauze or tape and acrylic, with pulley system and weights
- Skeletal traction: pins and needles surgically inserted into bone to hold fracture or joint in place
- Considerations for skin integrity, pressure injuries, and infection
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Description
Test your knowledge on nursing considerations for musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Understand the priority nursing interventions for patients with decreased mobility and joint inflammation.
