Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the muscular system regarding fluid movement?
What is the primary function of the muscular system regarding fluid movement?
- Regulating blood pressure
- Enhancing oxygen absorption
- Facilitating the excretion of waste
- Movements of fluid in the cardiovascular and lymphatic system (correct)
Which property of muscle refers to its ability to respond to stimulation?
Which property of muscle refers to its ability to respond to stimulation?
- Contractility
- Excitability (correct)
- Extensibility
- Elasticity
Which statement accurately describes skeletal muscle?
Which statement accurately describes skeletal muscle?
- Involuntary muscle found in internal organs
- Muscle with a single centrally located nucleus
- Muscle that does not fatigue easily
- Striated muscle that can be controlled intentionally (correct)
What characteristic distinguishes smooth muscle from skeletal muscle?
What characteristic distinguishes smooth muscle from skeletal muscle?
Which function of the muscular system contributes to maintaining body temperature?
Which function of the muscular system contributes to maintaining body temperature?
Which of the following is NOT a property of muscle tissue?
Which of the following is NOT a property of muscle tissue?
How do skeletal muscles primarily contribute to body movements?
How do skeletal muscles primarily contribute to body movements?
What role do connective tissues play concerning muscle contractility?
What role do connective tissues play concerning muscle contractility?
What shape do smooth muscle cells take?
What shape do smooth muscle cells take?
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of contractility in muscle tissue?
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of contractility in muscle tissue?
Flashcards
What is the muscular system?
What is the muscular system?
The muscular system is responsible for movements of the body
What are muscles?
What are muscles?
Muscles are tissues that can contract and relax, generating force for movement.
What are the functions of the muscular system?
What are the functions of the muscular system?
Supporting the body, facilitating movement, maintaining body temperature, moving fluids, and protecting organs.
What is excitability in muscle?
What is excitability in muscle?
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What is contractility in muscle?
What is contractility in muscle?
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What is extensibility in muscle?
What is extensibility in muscle?
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What is elasticity in muscle?
What is elasticity in muscle?
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What is skeletal muscle?
What is skeletal muscle?
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What is smooth muscle?
What is smooth muscle?
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What is cardiac muscle?
What is cardiac muscle?
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Study Notes
Muscular System Overview
- The muscular system powers all body movements.
- Muscles are specialized tissues enabling contraction and relaxation, creating force for diverse body actions.
Functions of the Muscular System
- Support: Provides structural integrity.
- Movement: Enables body part motion.
- Maintain body temperature (homeostasis): Muscle contractions generate heat.
- Movements of fluid: In cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.
- Protection: Protects internal organs.
Properties of Muscle Tissue
- Excitability: Responds to stimulation.
- Contractility: Shortens actively and exerts tension.
- Extensibility: Contracts over a range of lengths.
- Elasticity: Rebounds to its original length after contraction.
Types of Muscle Tissue
- Skeletal Muscle:
- Striated, voluntary.
- Attached to bones, crucial for movement.
- Multi-nucleated, long, cylindrical cells.
- Smooth Muscle:
- Non-striated, involuntary.
- Found in internal organs—e.g., stomach, intestines.
- Spindle-shaped cells.
- Cardiac Muscle:
- Striated, involuntary.
- Found only in the heart, responsible for pumping blood.
- Branching cells with one or two nuclei.
Muscle Movement: Functional Groups
- Flexors: Reduce the angle between bones. (e.g., biceps)
- Extensors: Increase the angle between bones. (e.g., triceps)
- Abductors: Move limbs away from the body's midline. (e.g., deltoids)
- Adductors: Move limbs towards the body's midline. (e.g., pectoralis major)
Muscle Movement: Synergists and Antagonists
- Antagonists: Muscles that work in opposition (one contracts, the other relaxes).
- Synergists: Muscles that work together for a movement.
Muscle Attachment
- Most skeletal muscles connect to two bones.
- Origin: Attachment to the more stable bone.
- Insertion: Attachment to the more movable bone.
Structure of Skeletal Muscle
- Bundles of muscle fibers (cells).
- Fibers lined up parallel giving striated effect.
- Individual cells have multiple nuclei.
- Myofibrils composed of actin and myosin filaments.
- Sarcomeres: Basic contractile units.
Muscle Contraction
- Sliding filament mechanism: Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other during contraction.
- Individual sarcomeres shorten.
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