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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of cardiac muscle in the human body?

To facilitate voluntary movement of the skeleton

To move involuntarily, contracting and relaxing slowly

To generate and conduct electrical impulses, enabling heart contractions (correct)

To assist in the movement of internal organs

Which type of muscle tissue is characterized by multinucleated fibers and is under voluntary control?

Skeletal muscle (correct)

Muscle tissue found in the walls of hollow organs

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle

What is the location of the trapezius muscle in the human body?

Upper back and neck (correct)

Lower and middle back

Lateral aspect of the thorax

Anterior abdominal wall

Which of the following muscles is responsible for moving the skeleton through voluntary contraction?

Skeletal muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Orbicularis Oris muscle in the human body?

To surround the lips Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of smooth muscle that enables it to maintain prolonged contraction for functions like vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

Non-striated fibers with tapered edges Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for the movement in the front part of the lower leg?

Tibialis Anterior Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skeletal system in the body?

To serve as a framework for the body Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint is present in the atlantoaxial joint between C1 and C2 vertebrae?

Pivot Joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the main responsibility of an Occupational Therapist (OT) & Assistant (OTA)?

To help patients develop, recover, or maintain daily living and work skills Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is responsible for protecting the thoracic cavity?

Ribs Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Gastrocnemius muscle?

To move the back of the lower leg Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint is present in the wrist?

Condyloid Joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the main responsibility of a Dietitian & Nutritionist?

To assess nutritional needs and develop personalized diet plans Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is responsible for protecting the brain and spinal cord?

Cranium Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Adductor Muscles?

To move the medial side of the thigh Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscular System

Main functions: movement of skeleton, movement of vessels, and movement of internal organs

Types of Muscle Tissue

Cardiac Muscle

Location: walls of the heart
Description: striated, involuntary, branched fibers
Function: generates and conducts electrical impulses, enabling heart contractions

Skeletal Muscle

Location: attached to the skeleton
Description: long, cylindrical, striated, multinucleated fibers; voluntary control
Function: moves the skeleton through voluntary contraction

Smooth Muscle

Location: walls of hollow organs (e.g., stomach, blood vessels, bladder, uterus)
Description: non-striated, involuntary, with tapered edges
Function: moves involuntarily, contracting and relaxing slowly, maintaining prolonged contraction for functions like vasoconstriction and vasodilation

Muscles

Orbicularis Oris: surrounds the lips
Orbicularis Oculi: surrounds the eye
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM): neck muscle connecting the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process of the temporal bone
Trapezius: upper back and neck
Serratus Anterior: lateral aspect of the thorax
Pectoralis Major: chest region
Latissimus Dorsi: lower and middle back
Deltoid: shoulder joint
Biceps Brachii: front of the upper arm
Triceps Brachii: back of the upper arm
Flexor Carpi Muscles: anterior compartment of the forearm
Extensor Carpi Muscles: posterior compartment of the forearm
Rectus Abdominis: anterior abdominal wall
External Oblique: lateral abdominal wall
Gluteus Maximus: buttocks
Hamstring Muscles: back of the thigh
Adductor Muscles: medial side of the thigh
Tibialis Anterior: front part of the lower leg
Gastrocnemius: back of the lower leg
Temporalis: side of the head (over the temples)

Skeletal System

Functions: serves as a framework for the body, protects the brain, spinal cord, and other structures, works with muscles to produce movement, stores calcium, and produces blood cells
Types of Joints:

Fibrous Joints

Examples: sutures in the skull

Cartilaginous Joints

Examples: intervertebral discs

Synovial Joints

Examples:
- Gliding Joint: intercarpal joints
- Hinge Joint: elbow
- Pivot Joint: atlantoaxial joint (between C1 and C2 vertebrae)
- Condyloid Joint: wrist joint
- Saddle Joint: thumb (carpometacarpal joint)
- Ball-and-Socket Joint: shoulder, hip

Bones

Skull: cranium and facial bones
Mandible: lower jawbone
Clavicle: collarbone
Scapula: shoulder blade
Sternum: breastbone
Ribs: protect the thoracic cavity
Humerus: upper arm bone
Radius: lateral bone of the forearm
Ulna: medial bone of the forearm
Carpals: wrist bones
Metacarpals: bones of the hand
Phalanges: finger and toe bones
Vertebrae: bones of the spine
Pelvis: hip bones
Femur: thigh bone
Patella: kneecap
Tibia: medial bone of the lower leg
Fibula: lateral bone of the lower leg
Tarsals: ankle bones
Metatarsals: bones of the foot
Sacrum: base of the spine, part of the pelvis
Coccyx: tailbone
Ilium: part of the pelvis
Ischium: lower part of the pelvis
Pubis: anterior part of the pelvis

Career Profiles

Physical Therapist (PT) & Assistant (PTA)

Responsibilities: evaluate physical conditions, develop and implement treatment plans, use exercises, manual therapy, and equipment, educate patients on managing conditions and preventing injuries

Occupational Therapist (OT) & Assistant (OTA)

Responsibilities: help patients develop, recover, or maintain daily living and work skills, assess needs, develop customized treatment plans, use therapeutic activities, provide guidance on adaptive equipment and modifications

Respiratory Therapist

Responsibilities: assess and treat patients with breathing or cardiopulmonary disorders, perform diagnostic tests, administer treatments, educate patients on managing respiratory conditions

Chiropractor

Responsibilities: diagnose and treat musculoskeletal issues, provide therapy for back pain, neck pain, and other joint problems, advise on lifestyle, exercise, and nutrition

Dietitian & Nutritionist

Responsibilities: assess nutritional needs, develop personalized diet plans, educate on healthy eating habits, manage nutrition therapy for specific health conditions, conduct research on nutrition and health

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Description

This quiz covers the main functions of muscles, including movement of the skeleton, vessels, and internal organs, as well as a comparison of the three types of muscle tissue: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle.