Podcast
Questions and Answers
From which specific bone does the Deep Head of the Medial Pterygoid muscle originate?
From which specific bone does the Deep Head of the Medial Pterygoid muscle originate?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the muscles of mastication?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the muscles of mastication?
What is the nerve supply for the Medial Pterygoid muscle?
What is the nerve supply for the Medial Pterygoid muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does the intermediate tendon of the Digastric muscle insert?
Where does the intermediate tendon of the Digastric muscle insert?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following conditions is NOT directly related to the muscles of mastication?
Which of the following conditions is NOT directly related to the muscles of mastication?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of understanding the muscles of mastication in a dental setting?
What is the primary purpose of understanding the muscles of mastication in a dental setting?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle, when acting bilaterally, opens and protrudes the mouth?
Which muscle, when acting bilaterally, opens and protrudes the mouth?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following muscle actions is NOT involved in moving the mandible from a closed position to an open position?
Which of the following muscle actions is NOT involved in moving the mandible from a closed position to an open position?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle is responsible for the initial phase of closing the jaw?
Which muscle is responsible for the initial phase of closing the jaw?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following muscles has an insertion on the pterygoid fovea of the mandible?
Which of the following muscles has an insertion on the pterygoid fovea of the mandible?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of the posterior fibers of the temporalis muscle?
What is the primary action of the posterior fibers of the temporalis muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following arteries provides blood supply to the masseter muscle?
Which of the following arteries provides blood supply to the masseter muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
From which structure does the upper head of the lateral pterygoid muscle originate?
From which structure does the upper head of the lateral pterygoid muscle originate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following nerves provides innervation to the temporalis muscle?
Which of the following nerves provides innervation to the temporalis muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the masseter muscle?
What is the primary function of the masseter muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following muscles contributes to the action of retracting the head of the condyle back into the glenoid fossa?
Which of the following muscles contributes to the action of retracting the head of the condyle back into the glenoid fossa?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the origin of the deep muscle of mastication?
What is the origin of the deep muscle of mastication?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following muscles is responsible for pulling the corner of the mouth back and compressing the cheek against the buccal surfaces of molars?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for pulling the corner of the mouth back and compressing the cheek against the buccal surfaces of molars?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the nerve supply to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?
What is the nerve supply to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle arises from the inferior genial tubercle?
Which muscle arises from the inferior genial tubercle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of these muscles is responsible for elevating the hyoid bone during chewing and swallowing?
Which of these muscles is responsible for elevating the hyoid bone during chewing and swallowing?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle's action includes depressing the mandible?
Which muscle's action includes depressing the mandible?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of the Genioglossus muscle?
What is the primary action of the Genioglossus muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the blood supply of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
What is the blood supply of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by a branch of the facial nerve?
Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by a branch of the facial nerve?
Signup and view all the answers
Flashcards
Muscles of mastication
Muscles of mastication
Muscles that allow movement of the mandible for chewing and grinding.
Mastication movements
Mastication movements
Five primary movements: Protrusion, Retraction, Elevation, Depression, and Rotation.
Masseter muscle
Masseter muscle
A thick muscle divided into superficial and deep parts, crucial for jaw movement.
Innervation of mastication muscles
Innervation of mastication muscles
Signup and view all the flashcards
Clinical relevance of mastication muscles
Clinical relevance of mastication muscles
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
Signup and view all the flashcards
Medial Pterygoid Muscle
Medial Pterygoid Muscle
Signup and view all the flashcards
Nerve Supply of Lateral Pterygoid
Nerve Supply of Lateral Pterygoid
Signup and view all the flashcards
Blood Supply for Pterygoid Muscles
Blood Supply for Pterygoid Muscles
Signup and view all the flashcards
Digastric Muscle Origin and Insertion
Digastric Muscle Origin and Insertion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Deep Muscle Origin
Deep Muscle Origin
Signup and view all the flashcards
Deep Muscle Insertion
Deep Muscle Insertion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Deep Muscle Action
Deep Muscle Action
Signup and view all the flashcards
Deep Muscle Nerve Supply
Deep Muscle Nerve Supply
Signup and view all the flashcards
Temporalis Muscle
Temporalis Muscle
Signup and view all the flashcards
Temporalis Action
Temporalis Action
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lateral Pterygoid Insertion
Lateral Pterygoid Insertion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Posterior Belly of Digastric Muscle
Posterior Belly of Digastric Muscle
Signup and view all the flashcards
Action of Posterior Belly
Action of Posterior Belly
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anterior Belly Nerve Supply
Anterior Belly Nerve Supply
Signup and view all the flashcards
Blood Supply to Anterior Belly
Blood Supply to Anterior Belly
Signup and view all the flashcards
Buccinator Muscle Origin
Buccinator Muscle Origin
Signup and view all the flashcards
Action of Buccinator
Action of Buccinator
Signup and view all the flashcards
Geniohyoid Muscle Action
Geniohyoid Muscle Action
Signup and view all the flashcards
Genioglossus Nerve Supply
Genioglossus Nerve Supply
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Muscles of Mastication
- The muscles of mastication move the mandible, enabling chewing and grinding
- The mandible can move in five ways: forward (protrusion), backward (retraction), up/close (elevation), down/open (depression), and side-to-side (rotation)
- Understanding these muscles is important for diagnosing and treating conditions like TMJ disorders, or post-treatment discomfort from interventions like impacted dental block.
Masseter Muscle
- A thick, quadrilateral muscle with two parts (superficial and deep)
- Origin (Superficial): Anterior two-thirds of the lower border of the zygomatic arch
- Origin (Deep): Posterior third of the lower border and the whole of the medial surface of the zygomatic arch
- Insertion (Both): Outer surface of the ramus of the mandible (superior to the superficial part).
- Action: Closing the mouth/elevates the mandible.
- Nerve Supply: Masseteric nerve (anterior division of the mandibular nerve).
- Blood Supply: Facial branch of the superficial temporal artery and masseteric branch of the maxillary artery.
Temporalis Muscle
- A fan-shaped muscle on either side of the head
- Origin: The whole of the temporal fossa, bounded at the top by the inferior temporal line.
- Insertion: The top and medial surface of the coronoid process, and the anterior border of the ramus of the mandible.
- Action: Elevates the mandible, and retracts the head of the condyle back into the glenoid fossa (backwards motion).
- Nerve Supply: Anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves (anterior division of the mandibular nerve).
- Blood Supply: Middle temporal branch of the superficial temporal artery. Deep temporal branches of the maxillary artery.
Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
- A short, thick, triangular muscle with two heads (upper and lower)
- Origin (Upper Head): Infratemporal surface and crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone.
- Origin (Lower Head): Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone.
- Insertion: Pterygoid fovea on the anterior aspect of the neck of the mandible.
- Action: Bilateral Contraction opens and protrudes the mouth. Unilateral action produces grinding or side-to-side movement.
- Nerve Supply: Lateral pterygoid nerve (anterior branch of the mandibular nerve).
- Blood Supply: Pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery.
Medial Pterygoid Muscle
- A thick, quadrilateral muscle with two heads (large deep and small superficial)
- Origin (Large Deep Head): Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone.
- Origin (Small Superficial Head): Tuberosity of the maxilla and pyramidal process of the palatine bone.
- Insertion: Medial surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible (below and behind the inferior dental foramen).
- Action: Elevates the mandible and, in conjunction with the lateral pterygoid muscle, protrudes the mandible.
- Nerve Supply: Medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular nerve.
- Blood Supply: Pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery.
Digastric Muscle
- Composed of two bellies (anterior and posterior)
- Origin (Anterior Belly): Digastric fossa on the lower border of the mandible.
- Origin (Posterior Belly): Digastric notch on the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
- Insertion: Meets at the intermediate tendon above the hyoid bone, attached to the body of the hyoid bone via a fibrous sling
- Action: Depression of the mandible, elevates the hyoid bone during chewing and swallowing
- Nerve Supply: Anterior Belly- mylohyoid nerve, Posterior Belly- digastric branch of the facial nerve VII.
- Blood Supply:
- Anterior Belly- submental branch of facial artery.
- Posterior Belly– posterior auricular/occipital artery.
Buccinator Muscle
- Forms part of the cheek
- Origin: Pterygomandibularraphe, buccal alveolar bone, molars
- Insertion: Blends with the Orbicularis Oris at the corners of the mouth.
- Action: Pulls corner of the mouth back, compresses cheek against buccal surfaces of molars, regulates the vestibular region with the tongue.
- Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal branch.
- Blood Supply: Facial & maxillary arteries.
Geniohyoid Muscle
- Located above the medial part of the mylohyoid line.
- Origin: Inferior genial tubercle
- Insertion: Body of the hyoid bone
- Action: Aids in deglutition and opening the mouth (depresses mandible),
- Nerve Supply: Hypoglossal nerve
- Blood Supply: Sublingual branch of the lingual artery
Genioglossus Muscle
- Origin: Superior genial tubercle on the inner surface of the mandible
- Insertion: Dorsum of the tongue (forming large fan-shaped muscle) Superior fibres—tip of the tongue, Inferior fibres—body of the hyoid bone
- Action: Depresses the tongue, Inferior fibres retract the tongue, Superior fibres protrude the tongue,
- Nerve Supply: Hypoglossal nerve.
- Blood Supply: Sublingual branch of the lingual artery and submental branch of the facial artery
Summary Table
- A summary table should be compiled to consolidate the information about each muscle- using the information above.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the muscles involved in mastication, focusing on the anatomy and functions of the masseter muscle. This quiz highlights the movements of the mandible and their significance in dental health. Understanding these concepts is crucial for diagnosing TMJ disorders and improving patient care.
