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Questions and Answers
__________ are muscles that serve as the primary promoters of a movement.
__________ are muscles that serve as the primary promoters of a movement.
agonist
Which class of muscle has the major responsibility for a specific movement?
Which class of muscle has the major responsibility for a specific movement?
agonist
When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle?
When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle?
The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.
A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n) ________.
A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n) ________.
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Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true?
Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true?
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Which of the following is not used as a criterion for naming muscles?
Which of the following is not used as a criterion for naming muscles?
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Choose the false statement.
Choose the false statement.
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Which of the following muscles is named for its origin and insertion?
Which of the following muscles is named for its origin and insertion?
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What are the muscles that are found at openings of the body collectively called?
What are the muscles that are found at openings of the body collectively called?
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Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles?
Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles?
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Muscles are only able to pull, they never push.
Muscles are only able to pull, they never push.
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Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergists.
Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergists.
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Which of the following is correctly matched?
Which of the following is correctly matched?
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Most skeletal muscles of the body act as:
Most skeletal muscles of the body act as:
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Which of the following movements demonstrates a first-class lever?
Which of the following movements demonstrates a first-class lever?
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Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors?
Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors?
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What is the major factor controlling how levers work?
What is the major factor controlling how levers work?
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Which of the following describes fascicle arrangement in a pennate muscle?
Which of the following describes fascicle arrangement in a pennate muscle?
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What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?
What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?
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If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________.
If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________.
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What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts?
What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts?
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In a pennate muscle pattern ________.
In a pennate muscle pattern ________.
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What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called?
What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called?
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First-class levers ________.
First-class levers ________.
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If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF?
If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF?
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Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.
Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.
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Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.
Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.
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Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.
Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.
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Study Notes
Muscle Terminology and Function
- Agonists are muscles that primarily promote a movement.
- Synergists assist agonists in their actions.
- Circular muscles are located at body openings.
Muscle Naming Criteria
- Naming is not based on control by the involuntary or voluntary nervous system.
- Muscle names indicating biceps, triceps, or quadriceps reflect the number of muscle origins.
Muscle Arrangement and Classification
- The muscle named sternocleidomastoid is categorized by its origin and insertion.
- Fascicles in pennate muscles are short and attach obliquely to a central tendon.
- Convergent muscles have a fan-shaped arrangement.
Lever Systems and Mechanics
- Most skeletal muscles function as third-class levers.
- First-class levers, like scissors, can operate at a mechanical advantage or disadvantage.
- The position of effort, load, and fulcrum determines lever function.
Muscle Power and Contraction
- The power of a muscle depends on the total number of muscle cells available for contraction.
- Muscles can only pull; they cannot push.
Demonstrating Leverage
- Examples of different lever systems include:
- First-class lever: Raising your head off your chest
- Third-class lever: Described as LEF, where L = load, F = fulcrum, E = effort
- Power levers operate at a mechanical advantage.
Correct and False Statements
- Hamstrings do not promote knee rotation.
- Muscles that maintain posture are not typically categorized as synergists.
- Not all skeletal muscles have identical fascicle arrangements.
General Principles
- All levers follow basic principles regarding mechanical advantage and disadvantage based on the arrangement of effort, load, and fulcrum.
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Description
Test your knowledge on muscle terminology with these flashcards from Chapter 10 Part 1. This quiz focuses on the definitions and classifications of agonist muscles and the significance of muscle names such as biceps and triceps. Prepare to enhance your understanding of muscular anatomy!
