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Questions and Answers
Skeletal muscles are involuntary muscles that help move the body's skeleton.
Skeletal muscles are involuntary muscles that help move the body's skeleton.
False
Smooth muscles are found in the walls of hollow organs and help move substances through them.
Smooth muscles are found in the walls of hollow organs and help move substances through them.
True
Cardiac muscles are found in the digestive tract.
Cardiac muscles are found in the digestive tract.
False
Myofibrils are the basic unit of a muscle.
Myofibrils are the basic unit of a muscle.
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Actin filaments are thick filaments.
Actin filaments are thick filaments.
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Muscle contraction occurs when a muscle fiber receives an electrical signal from a nerve.
Muscle contraction occurs when a muscle fiber receives an electrical signal from a nerve.
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Elasticity is the ability of a muscle to sustain contractions over a period of time.
Elasticity is the ability of a muscle to sustain contractions over a period of time.
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Concentric contraction is a contraction in which the muscle lengthens.
Concentric contraction is a contraction in which the muscle lengthens.
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Match the types of muscles with their characteristics:
Match the types of muscles with their characteristics:
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Match the muscle structures with their definitions:
Match the muscle structures with their definitions:
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Match the muscle functions with their definitions:
Match the muscle functions with their definitions:
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Match the muscle properties with their definitions:
Match the muscle properties with their definitions:
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Match the muscle movements with their definitions:
Match the muscle movements with their definitions:
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Match the types of muscles with their examples:
Match the types of muscles with their examples:
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Match the muscle structures with their components:
Match the muscle structures with their components:
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Match the muscle functions with their characteristics:
Match the muscle functions with their characteristics:
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Study Notes
Types of Muscles
-
Skeletal Muscles:
- Voluntary muscles that are attached to bones and help move the body's skeleton
- Examples: biceps, quadriceps, hamstrings
-
Smooth Muscles:
- Involuntary muscles that are found in the walls of hollow organs and help move substances through them
- Examples: muscles in the digestive tract, blood vessels, airways
-
Cardiac Muscles:
- Involuntary muscles that are found in the heart and help pump blood throughout the body
Muscle Structure
-
Muscle Fiber: the basic unit of a muscle
- Composed of:
- Myofibrils (contractile units)
- Sarcoplasm (cytoplasm)
- Sarcolemma (plasma membrane)
- Composed of:
-
Myofibrils:
- Contain:
- Actin filaments (thin filaments)
- Myosin filaments (thick filaments)
- Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other to produce muscle contraction
- Contain:
Muscle Function
-
Muscle Contraction:
- Occurs when a muscle fiber receives an electrical signal from a nerve
- Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other, causing the muscle to shorten
-
Muscle Relaxation:
- Occurs when the electrical signal is removed
- Actin and myosin filaments return to their original position, causing the muscle to lengthen
Muscle Properties
- Elasticity: the ability of a muscle to return to its original shape after stretching
- Tone: the normal state of partial contraction of a muscle
- Endurance: the ability of a muscle to sustain contractions over a period of time
Muscle Movement
- Isotonic Contraction: a contraction in which the muscle shortens while lifting a constant load
- Isometric Contraction: a contraction in which the muscle does not change length, but instead generates tension
- Concentric Contraction: a contraction in which the muscle shortens
- Eccentric Contraction: a contraction in which the muscle lengthens
Types of Muscles
- Three types of muscles: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles
- Skeletal muscles are voluntary, attached to bones, and help move the body's skeleton
- Examples of skeletal muscles: biceps, quadriceps, hamstrings
- Smooth muscles are involuntary, found in hollow organs, and help move substances through them
- Examples of smooth muscles: muscles in the digestive tract, blood vessels, airways
- Cardiac muscles are involuntary, found in the heart, and help pump blood throughout the body
Muscle Structure
- Muscle fiber is the basic unit of a muscle
- Muscle fiber composed of myofibrils, sarcoplasm, and sarcolemma
- Myofibrils contain actin filaments (thin filaments) and myosin filaments (thick filaments)
- Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other to produce muscle contraction
Muscle Function
- Muscle contraction occurs when a muscle fiber receives an electrical signal from a nerve
- Muscle contraction results in muscle shortening
- Muscle relaxation occurs when the electrical signal is removed
- Muscle relaxation results in muscle lengthening
Muscle Properties
- Elasticity: the ability of a muscle to return to its original shape after stretching
- Tone: the normal state of partial contraction of a muscle
- Endurance: the ability of a muscle to sustain contractions over a period of time
Muscle Movement
- Isotonic contraction: a contraction in which the muscle shortens while lifting a constant load
- Isometric contraction: a contraction in which the muscle does not change length, but instead generates tension
- Concentric contraction: a contraction in which the muscle shortens
- Eccentric contraction: a contraction in which the muscle lengthens
Types of Muscles
- Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and help move the body's skeleton, are voluntary, and controlled by conscious thought, examples include biceps and quadriceps.
- Smooth muscles are found in internal organs, are involuntary, and controlled by the autonomic nervous system, examples include muscles in the walls of the intestines and blood vessels.
- Cardiac muscles are found in the heart, responsible for pumping blood, are involuntary, and controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
Muscle Structure
- A muscle fiber is a single muscle cell.
- A myofibril is a bundle of muscle fibers.
- A sarcomere is the functional unit of a myofibril, responsible for muscle contraction.
- Myofilaments are proteins that make up the sarcomere, including actin and myosin.
Muscle Function
- Muscle contraction is the process by which muscles shorten to produce movement.
- Muscle relaxation is the process by which muscles lengthen to return to their original state.
- Muscle tone is the state of partial contraction in muscles, even when at rest.
Muscle Properties
- Elasticity is the ability of a muscle to return to its original shape after stretching.
- Extensibility is the ability of a muscle to be stretched.
- Contractility is the ability of a muscle to contract and produce force.
Muscle Movement
- Isotonic contraction occurs when a muscle contracts and shortens, producing movement.
- Isometric contraction occurs when a muscle contracts, but does not shorten, producing tension without movement.
- Concentric contraction occurs when a muscle shortens, producing movement.
- Eccentric contraction occurs when a muscle lengthens, producing movement.
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Description
Identify and understand the different types of muscles in the human body, including skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
