Muscle Tissue Quiz
60 Questions
7 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which type of muscle tissue contracts to move blood through the heart?

  • Smooth muscle tissue
  • Skeletal muscle tissue
  • Cardiac muscle tissue (correct)
  • Connective muscle tissue

    • Muscular tissue is non-excitable.

    False

    What is the scientific study of muscular tissue called?

    myology

    Muscular tissue is considered ________ because it can be stretched without tearing.

    <p>extensible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fascia in muscle tissue?

    <p>To group muscles with similar functions and provide passage for nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of muscular tissue with its example function:

    <p>Skeletal muscle tissue = Stabilizing body positions Cardiac muscle tissue = Pumping blood Smooth muscle tissue = Regulating passage of substances Nerve tissue = Generating muscle action potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All muscles generate heat during contraction.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cells of skeletal muscle tissue are called _________.

    <p>muscle fibres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the electron transport chain (ETC) in aerobic respiration?

    <p>Release energy to synthesize ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lactic acid is produced when oxygen levels are adequate in muscles.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What molecule do pyruvate convert into during anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In aerobic respiration, pyruvate is transported to the ____________.

    <p>mitochondrion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of muscle fibers with their characteristics:

    <p>Slow oxidative fibers = Do not fatigue easily; aerobic respiration Fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers = Largest fibers; moderate fatigue Fast glycolytic fibers = Fatigue quickly; anaerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important function of oxygen after exercise?

    <p>To replenish creatine phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fast glycolytic fibers are characterized by a dark red color and high myoglobin content.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of glycolysis?

    <p>2 pyruvate molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fibers primarily compose the endomysium layer of muscle tissue?

    <p>Reticular fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Muscle fibers can divide and multiply throughout a person's life.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of myoglobin in muscle cells?

    <p>To bind oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sarcoplasm of myocytes is densely packed with myofibrils.

    <p>sarcoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their functions related to muscle contraction:

    <p>Myosin = Motor protein that converts ATP to mechanical energy Actin = Cytoskeletal protein that forms thin filaments Troponin = Regulatory protein that binds calcium Tropomyosin = Blocks myosin-binding sites on thin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary type of neuron responsible for the voluntary contraction of skeletal muscles?

    <p>Somatic motor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized type of rough endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs to skeletal muscle fibers during muscular hypertrophy?

    <p>Increase in volume of cellular contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The region of a sarcomere where only thick filaments are found is called the H zone.

    <p>H zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their functions:

    <p>Sarcoplasm = Cytoplasm of muscle cells Myofibrils = Contractile elements of muscle fibers T-tubules = Allow electrical signals to reach deep into muscle fibers Cisternae = Storage sites for calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of dystrophin in muscle cells?

    <p>Connects thin filaments to membrane proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Skeletal muscle fibers are purely voluntary and do not respond to autonomic nervous impulses.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of myofilaments found in a sarcomere?

    <p>Thick and thin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones is called tendons.

    <p>tendons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of dystrophin in muscle cells?

    <p>To connect actin filaments to the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The filaments change in length during muscle contraction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when myosin binds to thin filaments and pulls them toward the M-line?

    <p>power stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Myosin binds and ___________ ATP to energize itself.

    <p>hydrolyzes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their roles in muscle contraction:

    <p>Dystrophin = Links actin to the extracellular matrix Tropomyosin = Blocks myosin-binding sites Calcium ions (Ca2+) = Trigger contraction by binding troponin Sarcoplasmic reticulum = Stores calcium ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the H zone during muscle contraction?

    <p>It disappears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Muscle contraction requires only ATP.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the calcium necessary for muscle contraction come from?

    <p>sarcoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When myosin pulls thin filaments, the Z-discs come together, resulting in a shorter __________.

    <p>sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the binding of myosin to thin filaments creating a temporary attachment?

    <p>Cross-bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms to their definitions:

    <p>Depolarization = Membrane potential becomes more positive Repolarization = Restoration of negative membrane potential Action potential = Rapid change in membrane potential Volgate-gated ion channels = Open due to changes in membrane potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calcium ions facilitate diffusion during action potentials.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal condition for maximal muscle tension?

    <p>Optimal sarcomere length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ion transporters that regulate ion flow in muscle cells are called ___________ channels.

    <p>voltage-gated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to stimulate muscle contraction?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of action potentials on calcium channels in muscle contraction?

    <p>They open voltage-gated calcium channels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During relaxation, calcium ATPases actively pump calcium back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the contraction generated in all skeletal muscle fibers of one motor unit due to one action potential?

    <p>twitch contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The VGKCs are ______________ to open in response to membrane potential changes.

    <p>slower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following muscle contraction types with their descriptions:

    <p>Isotonic Contraction = Constant tension as muscle changes length Isometric Contraction = Tension generated is not sufficient to move the load Concentric Contraction = Muscle shortens to decrease the angle around a joint Eccentric Contraction = Muscle lengthens while resisting a load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about muscle tone is true?

    <p>Muscle tone helps prevent muscle fatigue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More frequent action potentials will decrease muscle tension.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme destroys acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?

    <p>acetylcholinesterase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This process is called ______________-contraction coupling.

    <p>excitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following phases of twitch contraction with their characteristics:

    <p>Latent period = Delay before contraction begins Contraction period = Cross-bridges form and maximum tension develops Relaxation period = Calcium is pumped back into the SR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a motor unit?

    <p>One somatic motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A refractory period allows a muscle fiber to respond to a new action potential immediately.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Creatine phosphate helps regenerate ______________ during muscle contraction.

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to VGCCs at the sarcolemma after muscle action potential has passed?

    <p>They close.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of calcium in muscle contraction?

    <p>To bind with troponin, allowing muscle contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Muscular Tissue

    • Skeletal muscle tissue contracts to move bones and stabilize body positions.
    • Cardiac muscle tissue contracts to move blood through the heart.
    • Smooth muscle tissue contracts to regulate passage of substances through the body, for example, the GI tract and blood vessels.
    • All muscles generate heat during contraction.

    Muscle Properties

    • Muscular tissue is electrically excitable, producing electrical signals called muscle action potentials. Nerve tissues also possess this property.
    • Muscular tissue is contractile, meaning muscle action potentials stimulate contraction. Contractions generate tension on bones, resulting in movement.
    • Muscular tissue is extensible, allowing it to be stretched without tearing. An example is smooth muscle around the stomach.
    • Muscular tissue is elastic, allowing it to return to its resting length after stretching.

    Skeletal Muscle Structure

    • Skeletal muscle tissue cells are called muscle fibers, which are elongated cells also known as myocytes.
    • Muscle fibers contain bunched protein filaments called myofibrils.
    • Muscle fibers + connective tissue + nerve and blood supply = muscle (an organ).
    • Muscles are surrounded by connective tissue layers called fascia.
    • Fascia physically groups muscles with similar functions together and provides passage for nerves and vasculature.

    Fascia Layers

    • Epimysium is the most superficial layer of fascia, composed of dense irregular connective tissue that wraps muscles.
    • Perimysium is the intermediate layer of fascia, composed of dense irregular connective tissue that wraps fascicles (bundles of muscle fibers).
    • Endomysium is the deepest layer of fascia, mostly composed of reticular fibers that wrap individual muscle fibers.

    Tendons

    • Fascia forms tendons, which connect muscles to bones like thick rope-like structures.
    • Aponeuroses are a special type of tendon that forms broad sheets, like the two bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle connected by the epicranial aponeurosis.

    Blood and Nerve Supply

    • Muscular tissue requires access to oxygen-rich blood, as it requires a lot of oxygen and is extensively vascularized. This is needed for aerobic cellular respiration.
    • Skeletal muscles are also extensively innervated by somatic motor neurons that regulate voluntary muscle contraction. Axons branch from the spinal cord to muscles, typically with one branch per muscle fiber.

    Skeletal Muscle Fiber Structure

    • Myoblasts are immature cells that fuse to form large multinucleate cells during the development of skeletal muscle fibers.
    • The plasma membrane of myocytes is called the sarcolemma, along which electrical signals run. The sarcolemma folds inwards to form T-tubules.
    • The cytoplasm of myocytes is called sarcoplasm and is densely packed with myofibrils. It is rich in glycogen, a carbohydrate energy store.
    • The sarcoplasm also contains myoglobin, a protein found only in muscle cells that binds oxygen at an Fe-containing center called heme, allowing myocytes to receive oxygen from inside and outside the cell.

    Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)

    • The SR is the specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells, extensively folded around each myofibril. Membrane folds are called cisternae, with terminal cisternae specifically releasing Ca2+ to each T-tubule.
    • Where two terminal cisternae meet a T-tubule, it forms a triad. Muscle fibers do not divide, but muscles can "grow" by hypertrophy, which is an increase in sarcoplasmic volume.

    Muscle Hypertrophy

    • Muscle hypertrophy is an increase in sarcoplasmic volume, expanding the volume of cellular contents, particularly myofibrils, mitochondria, and SR.
    • Hypertrophy is a response to increased mechanical stress (weight-bearing exercise), hormones (e.g., anabolic steroids), or disease (e.g., increased demand on a diseased heart).

    Sarcomere Structure

    • Myofibrils are bundles of thread-like structures called myofilaments, each made up of contractile units called sarcomeres joined end-to-end.
    • Each sarcomere consists of overlapping thick and thin filaments. The thick filaments extend from the midline (M-line) of the sarcomere and are made of myosin. The thin filaments extend from the ends (Z-discs) of the sarcomere and are made of actin.

    Sarcomere Zones & Bands

    • The regions where thick and thin filaments overlap, along with everything in between, is called the A band.
    • The regions between the zones of overlap around the M-line are called the H zone (only thick filaments).
    • The regions between zones of overlap around the Z-discs are called the I band (only thin filaments).

    Muscle Contraction

    • Muscles generate force by contraction, and three types of proteins are involved: contractile, regulatory, and structural.
    • Contractile proteins shorten the sarcomere. Myosin is a motor protein that converts chemical potential energy in ATP to mechanical energy. Each thick filament consists of ~300 myosin proteins, with myosin heads extending radially from ends of thick filaments, contacting thin filaments to pull them toward the M-line.
    • Actin is a cytoskeletal protein, forming helical thin filaments and having myosin-binding sites.

    Muscle Contraction: Regulatory Proteins

    • Regulatory proteins control muscle contraction.
    • Troponin binds Ca2+ and moves tropomyosin.
    • Tropomyosin blocks myosin-binding sites on thin filaments.

    Muscle Contraction: Structural Proteins

    • Structural proteins stabilize and connect the sarcomere and surrounding structures.
    • Titin is a large elastic protein that spans the M-line to Z-discs, stabilizing the position of thick filaments.
    • Dystrophin connects thin filaments to integral membrane proteins in the sarcolemma, reinforcing sarcomere structure and transmitting tension of sarcomeres to tendons. Dystrophin is located in the cytoskeleton of muscle cells at the inner surface of the plasma membrane and connects actin filaments to the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. This complex anchors the muscle cell to the extracellular matrix. When muscle contracts, dystrophin helps transmit tension through the DGC to the sarcolemma and tendons, transmitting the force generated by the contraction to the tendons for movement. It also helps maintain structural integrity of muscle fibers during contraction and relaxation.

    Muscle Contraction via the Sliding Filament Model

    • The sarcomere shortens as the thin filaments slide over the thick filaments. This mechanism is called the sliding filament model, and the filaments do not change in length during this process.

    Contraction Cycle

    • Myosin binds the thin filaments pulling them into the M-line, then releasing them. This iterative binding and release is called the contraction cycle.
    • Myosin binds and hydrolyzes ATP, energizing myosin and changing its conformation.
    • Myosin binds thin filaments to form a cross-bridge.
    • Myosin pulls the thin filaments toward the M-line. This conformational change is called the power stroke.
    • Myosin releases the thin filaments by binding a new ATP molecule to myosin, and a new cycle begins.
    • Myosin-binding sites on thin filaments are initially blocked by tropomyosin until troponin binds Ca2+, which changes the conformation of troponin and moves tropomyosin off the myosin-binding sites on actin, allowing myosin to form a cross-bridge. Therefore, muscle contraction requires ATP and Ca2+.

    Sarcomere Structure Changes During Contraction

    • As myosin pulls on the thin filaments, Z-discs come together, the sarcomere shortens, the H zone disappears, and the I band narrows.
    • Individual sarcomeres moving bones results from sarcomeres shortening, pulling on adjacent sarcomeres, transmitting tension until the whole muscle fiber shortens.

    Length-Tension Relationship

    • The amount of filament overlap matters for muscle tension generation. Complete overlap at rest prevents myosin from generating tension effectively, while too little overlap also reduces tension. Therefore, there is an optimal sarcomere length, with sufficient filament overlap to generate maximal tension.

    Muscle Action Potentials - Where does Ca2+ come from?

    • In most cells, intracellular Ca2+ concentration is kept low. Cells store Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and export Ca2+ using membrane transporters.
    • Muscle fibers are electrically excitable, with signals from somatic motor neurons stimulating an action potential, which in turn triggers Ca2+ release.

    Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)

    • This is the junction where neurons and muscles meet. Somatic motor neurons release neurotransmitters (e.g., acetylcholine) that bind to protein receptors on muscle cells, leading to an action potential in the muscle cell.

    Muscle Action Potentials

    • The muscle action potential causes the membrane potential to rapidly become positive (depolarization) and then needs to return to its resting potential (repolarization).
    • This is due to voltage-gated ion channels that facilitate diffusion of ions down their concentration gradients.

    Voltage-gated Sodium (Na+) Channels (VGNCs)

    • When acetylcholine binds, it opens some Na+ channels, causing a slight depolarization. The opened Na+ channels allow Na+ ions to enter the cell because they are only open during a change in membrane potential. Positively charged Na+ ions entering the cell make the membrane potential more positive.

    Voltage-gated Potassium (K+) Channels (VGKCs)

    • Repolarization happens because VGKCs are slower to open in response to membrane potential changes. Once open, K+ flows out of cells, restoring the resting membrane potential. VGNCs close as the membrane repolarizes.

    Excitation-Contraction Coupling

    • The action potential travels along the sarcolemma to voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) at T-tubules. These VGCCs plug Ca2+ release channels in the SR membrane.
    • Action potentials open VGCCs at triads, releasing and opening the Ca2+ release channels of the SR, causing Ca2+ to spill into the sarcoplasm, bind troponin, and initiate muscle contraction.

    Post-contraction Events

    • Ca2+ release channels increase the intracellular Ca2+ concentration by ~10X during contraction.
    • When the muscle action potential has passed, VGCCs in the sarcolemma close, SR Ca2+ release channels close and reassociate with VGCCs at triads, and Ca2+-ATPases actively pump Ca2+ back into the SR and out of the cell, causing muscle relaxation.

    Acetylcholine Breakdown:

    • Acetylcholine is removed from the neuromuscular junction by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.

    Control of Muscle Tension

    • One action potential typically equals one contraction, with more frequent action potentials generating more tension.
    • Each somatic motor neuron axon can form multiple NMJs with muscle fibers.
    • A motor unit is one somatic motor neuron + all of the skeletal muscle fibers it synapses with (average = 150).

    Large Muscles and Motor Units

    • Large muscles have many motor units distributed throughout them, with all muscle fibers in a motor unit contracting and relaxing synchronously.

    Twitch Contraction

    • This is the contraction generated in all skeletal muscle fibers of one motor unit due to one action potential, happening in three phases: latent period (delay between stimulus and muscle action), contraction period (cross-bridges form and sarcomeres shorten), and relaxation period (Ca2+ is pumped back into the SR, myosin detaches from actin, and tension decreases).

    Refractory Period

    • If a muscle fiber is already responding to an action potential, it cannot respond to a new action potential simultaneously. It is temporarily unresponsive to new signals during this short time called the refractory period.

    Muscle Tone

    • Not all motor units will be working at the same time within a muscle, which helps prevent muscle fatigue and make movements smooth.
    • In large muscles, weak motor units work first, and stronger motor units work second, a process called motor unit recruitment.
    • Muscle tone is generated by small involuntary contractions of alternating motor units, resulting in slight stiffness in muscles, like postural muscles in the neck.

    Muscle Contraction Types

    • Isotonic contractions: constant tension in muscle as it changes length.
      • Concentric isotonic contractions occur when the muscle shortens to decrease the angle around a joint, like the biceps brachii contracting to pick up a book.
      • Eccentric isotonic contractions occur when the muscle resists a load as it lengthens like the biceps brachii lengthening while slowly putting down a book.
    • Isometric contractions: tension generated is not sufficient to overcome the resistance of the load, and bones do not move, like holding a book out to someone or holding a plank. This function stabilizes many joints during movement.

    Muscle Metabolism

    • Muscles generate ATP in three ways:
      • Consuming creatine phosphate
      • Anaerobic glycolysis
      • Aerobic respiration

    Creatine Phosphate

    • Creatine is a small molecule made in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas.
    • At rest, unused ATP is dephosphorylated to make creatine phosphate.
    • At work, muscles rapidly dephosphorylate creatine phosphate to regenerate ATP. Both phosphate transfers are catalyzed by creatine kinase.

    Anaerobic Glycolysis

    • This process uses glucose for energy production without oxygen.
    • Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, which can build up during vigorous activity, causing muscle fatigue. Anaerobic glycolysis is the primary method of producing energy during short bursts of intense activity (like sprinting). Although less efficient than aerobic respiration, it allows for rapid ATP production in the absence of oxygen.

    Aerobic Respiration

    • This process uses oxygen to produce energy from glucose and fatty acids, efficiently generating ATP. It is the primary method of energy production during sustained exercise.

    Muscle Fatigue

    • Muscle fatigue occurs when the muscle can no longer produce the same amount of force. It can be caused by various factors:
      • Depletion of ATP
      • Accumulation of lactic acid
      • Decreased pH
      • Changes in electrolyte balance.
    • Muscle fatigue allows for the muscle to rest, recover, and replenish energy stores.

    Oxygen Debt

    • After intense exercise, oxygen debt refers to the amount of oxygen needed to restore muscle cells to their pre-exercise state following anaerobic metabolism. This process includes:
      • Replenishing muscle glycogen stores
      • Breaking down lactic acid
      • Oxidizing the accumulated lactic acid to glucose or glycogen
      • Restoring the oxygen levels in the tissues.

    Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibers

    • Skeletal muscle fibers come in different types, each with unique structural and functional characteristics:
      • Slow oxidative fibers (SO fibers) are slow, fatigue-resistant, and rely heavily on aerobic respiration. They are used for endurance activities.
      • Fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers (FOG fibers) are fast, moderately fatigue-resistant, and use a combination of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. They are used for activities requiring both strength and endurance.
      • Fast glycolytic fibers (FG fibers) are fast, fatigable, and primarily rely on anaerobic glycolysis for energy. They are used for short bursts of intense activity.

    Fiber Type Distribution

    • The distribution of fiber types in muscles varies depending on the function of the muscle. Muscles used for endurance activities, like those in the legs, have a higher proportion of SO fibers, while muscles used for explosive movements, like those in the arms, have a higher proportion of FG fibers.

    Muscle Fiber Adaptations

    • Muscle fibers can adapt to different types of training.
      • Endurance training increases the number of mitochondria and capillaries in muscle fibers, improving their aerobic capacity and fatigue resistance.
      • Strength training, like lifting weights, increases the size of muscle fibers and the number of myofilaments, increasing their force-generating capacity.

    Effects of Aging on Muscle

    • As we age, our muscles naturally decline in size and strength, a process called sarcopenia. This is due to a decrease in muscle protein synthesis, reduced number of muscle fibers, and decreased physical activity.

    Other Important Points

    • Muscles need a complex interplay of the nervous and skeletal system to function effectively.
    • Injuries to muscles can range from minor strains to serious tears.
    • Understanding the structure and function of muscle tissue is important for understanding human movement, exercise physiology, and various medical conditions that affect muscle function.

    Aerobic Respiration

    • Muscles can get glucose from glycogen stores or from blood.
    • Glucose is broken down into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules in 10 chemical reactions called glycolysis.
    • If oxygen is present, pyruvate is transported to the mitochondria.
    • Many reactions convert glucose carbons to CO2, which is exhaled.
    • Electrons are transferred to the electron transport chain (ETC).
    • Electron flow in the ETC releases energy used to make ATP.
    • Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the ETC, allowing for energy release.

    Anaerobic Glycolysis

    • If muscles have limited oxygen access, they cannot respire the products of glycolysis.
    • Pyruvate is fermented into lactic acid.
    • Lactic acid fermentation converts pyruvate to lactic acid, regenerating NAD+ to enable glycolysis to continue making ATP in low-oxygen conditions.

    Muscle Metabolism

    • Muscles need oxygen after exercise to:
      • Replenish myoglobin.
      • Convert lactic acid back to glucose in the liver.
      • Replenish creatine phosphate.
    • This is called oxygen debt.

    Types of Muscle Fibers

    • Three types of skeletal muscle fibers:

      Slow Oxidative Fibers

      • Dark red (lots of myoglobin and capillaries).
      • "Slow" refers to contraction speed (100–200 milliseconds).
      • Sometimes called "slow twitch".
      • Fatigue resistant, function in endurance activities and postural muscles.
      • "Oxidative" refers to aerobic respiration as the primary metabolic mode.

      Fast Oxidative-Glycolytic Fibers

      • Dark red (lots of myoglobin and capillaries); largest fibers.
      • "Fast" refers to contraction speed (50–100 milliseconds).
      • Can use both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
      • Fatigue resistant but not as much as slow oxidative fibers.

      Fast Glycolytic Fibers

      • White (less myoglobin and capillaries).
      • "Fast" refers to contraction speed (50–100 milliseconds).
      • Primarily use anaerobic glycolysis.
      • Fatigue quickly.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on muscle tissue and its functions with this engaging quiz. Explore the different types of muscular tissue, their characteristics, and their physiological roles in the body. Perfect for students of health sciences and biology.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser