Muscle Tissue Classification Quiz
40 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of articular cartilage in synovial joints?

  • Enhance the strength of bone
  • Facilitate blood flow to the joint
  • Provide structural support for ligaments
  • Diffuse pressure and reduce friction (correct)

    • Which layer of the articular capsule is responsible for secreting synovial fluid?

  • Bursal layer
  • Periosteal layer
  • Fibrous layer
  • Synovial layer (correct)

    • What component of synovial fluid aids in nutrition for the cartilage?

  • Fat droplets
  • Albumin (correct)
  • Collagen
  • Mucin

    • Which feature of articular cartilage is true regarding its structure?

    <p>Thickest part is at the peripheral concave surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ligament is classified as intra-articular?

    <p>Cruciate ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of synovial fluid primarily responsible for its viscosity?

    <p>Hyaluronic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the role of marginal cartilage?

    <p>It increases the surface area of articular cartilage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main advantages of having synovial fluid in a joint?

    <p>It allows for the circulation of leukocytes for immunity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscular tissue is typically uninucleate?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle attachments are flat and sheet-like?

    <p>Aponeurosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle classification crosses only one joint?

    <p>Uniarticular muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the origin of a muscle?

    <p>The stationary end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle shape is described as fusiform?

    <p>Spindle-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is considered biarticular?

    <p>Biceps brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the thickest part of a muscle?

    <p>Belly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes a muscle that has two bellies?

    <p>Digastric muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is characterized by fibers that extend the entire length of the muscle?

    <p>Parallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification describes muscles that can perform the action of moving a limb towards the body's center?

    <p>Adductors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes muscles that have fibers arranged like a complete feather?

    <p>Bipennate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fascia is a dense layer that covers underlying muscles?

    <p>Deep fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure serves to reduce friction between two structures that rub against each other?

    <p>Synovial bursa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle fiber arrangement is characterized by short fibers attached obliquely to a central tendon?

    <p>Pennate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the synovial sheath directly surrounds the tendon?

    <p>Inner synovial layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which classification of muscles would you find the genioglossus?

    <p>Unipennate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of articular discs and menisci in synovial joints?

    <p>To enable free movement and decrease concussion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes an ellipsoidal joint?

    <p>Allows both flexion/extension and adduction/abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification of synovial joints allows for movement around a single axis?

    <p>Uniaxial joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is characterized by a saddle shape permitting flexion and extension?

    <p>Saddle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature primarily distinguishes marginal cartilage in the hip joint of a horse?

    <p>It encircles the articular cavity, enhancing its size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following joints is considered a biaxial joint?

    <p>Hip joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is commonly associated with gliding movements?

    <p>Plane joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of synovial joint allows for movements in multiple axes?

    <p>Multiaxial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the ossification of fibrous tissue into a bony structure as one ages?

    <p>Synostosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for limited movement and is united by fibro-cartilage?

    <p>Cartilaginous joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint does NOT have a joint cavity?

    <p>Synchondrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a type of sutural joint characterized by smooth, plane margins?

    <p>Plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a composite joint?

    <p>Formed by several articular surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example best illustrates a symphysis joint?

    <p>Pelvic symphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which accessory structure is NOT typically found in a synovial joint?

    <p>Synchondrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of movement, which joint type allows for the most freedom?

    <p>Synovial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Classification of Muscle Tissue

    • Muscle tissue classifications are based on function, position (morphology), and microscopic appearance
    • Function
      • Voluntary controlled by the central nervous system
      • Involuntary controlled by the autonomic nervous system
    • Position
      • Skeletal attached to bones
      • Cardiac found in the heart
      • Visceral found in internal organs
    • Microscopic appearance
      • Striated has a striped appearance
      • Smooth appears smooth
      • Skeletal and cardiac muscle are both striated

    Muscle Attachments, Shapes, and Functions

    • Origin refers to the end of the muscle that remains stationary during movement
    • Insertion refers to the end of the muscle that moves toward the origin during contraction
    • Belly is the thickest part of the muscle
    • Intermediate tendon divides a muscle into two bellies
    • Tendinous inscriptions separate muscle fibers into compartments

    Muscle Types

    • Tendons are ribbon-like or rounded, short and stout, white fibrous tissues
    • Aponeurosis is a flat, expanded tendon, sheet-like white fibrous tissue

    Muscle Shapes

    • Spindle-shaped or fusiform muscles are elongated with a central belly
    • Sheet-like or planus muscles are broad and flat
    • Biceps muscles have two heads
    • Triceps muscles have three heads
    • Quadriceps muscles have four heads
    • Digastric muscles have two bellies
    • Orbicularis or sphincter muscles are ring-shaped

    Muscle Joint Involvement

    • Uniarticular muscles cross only one joint and act on that joint
    • Biarticular muscles cross two joints and act on both joints
    • Polyarticular muscles cross more than two joints

    Muscle Actions

    • Extensor muscles increase the angle between bones
    • Flexor muscles decrease the angle between bones
    • Abductor muscles move a limb away from the midline
    • Adductor muscles move a limb towards the midline
    • Supinator muscles rotate the limb so the palm faces upwards
    • Pronator muscles rotate the limb so the palm faces downwards
    • Elevator muscles raise a body part
    • Depressor muscles lower a body part
    • Rotator muscles rotate a limb
    • Sphincter muscles constrict an opening
    • Dilator muscles widen an opening

    Muscle Fiber Orientation

    • Parallel muscles have fibers that run the length of the muscle
    • Fusiform muscles have fibers that converge at the tendons
    • Pennate muscles have short fibers attached obliquely to a central tendon
      • Unipennate muscles resemble a half-feather
      • Bipennate muscles resemble a complete feather
      • Multipennate muscles have multiple feather-like arrangements

    Accessory Structures of Skeletal Muscle

    • Fascia is a connective tissue that surrounds and supports muscles
      • Superficial fascia is a fatty layer directly under the skin
      • Deep fascia is a dense, strong layer located beneath the superficial fascia, covering muscles
    • Synovial bursa are fluid-filled sacs located between structures that rub together
    • Synovial sheath (vaginal sheath) are elongated bursae that wrap around tendons

    Joints

    • Types of joints
      • Fibrous joined by fibrous connective tissue
      • Cartilaginous joined by cartilage
      • Synovial (diarthrosis) most movable, characterized by a joint cavity

    Cartilaginous Joints (Amphiarthrosis)

    • Bones are united by fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, or a combination of both
    • Have no joint cavity
    • Allow limited or no movement
    • Fibrocartilaginous joints (symphysis)
      • United by fibrocartilage
      • Allow limited movement
      • Examples: pelvic symphysis, intervertebral discs
    • Hyaline cartilage joints (synchondrosis)
      • United by hyaline cartilage
      • No movement
      • Examples: epiphyseal plates in immature bone

    Synovial Joints (Diarthrosis)

    • Possess a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid
    • Allow free movement
    • Types of synovial joints
      • Simple joint formed by two articular surfaces
      • Composite joint formed by multiple articular surfaces

    Structures of Synovial Joints

    • Constant structures: essential for joint function
      • Articular surfaces are the surfaces of bones that come into contact
      • Articular cartilage is a smooth, hyaline cartilage that covers the articular surfaces
      • Articular capsule a fibrous capsule that encloses the joint
      • Joint cavity the space between the articulating bones
    • Accessory structures: enhance joint function
      • Ligaments strong bands of fibrous tissue that bind bones together
      • Intra-articular plates of fibrocartilage plates of fibrocartilage located within the joint cavity
      • Marginal cartilage a ring of fibrocartilage that encircles the articular cavity

    Synovial Fluid

    • Secreted by the synovial membrane
    • Acts as a lubricant and provides nutrients to cartilage

    Classification of Synovial Joints

    • Number of bones: simple or composite
    • Axis of movement: uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial
    • Shape of articular surfaces: spheroidal, ellipsoidal, saddle, spiral, plane/gliding

    According to Number of Bones

    • Simple joint formed by two articulating bones
    • Composite joint formed by more than two articulating bones

    According to Axis of Movement

    • Uniaxial joint: movement around a single axis
      • Hinge joint: allows flexion and extension
      • Pivot joint: allows rotation
    • Biaxial joint: movement around two axes
      • Ellipsoidal joint: allows flexion/extension and abduction/adduction
    • Multiaxial joint: movement around multiple axes
      • allows all types of movement

    According to Shape/Form of Articular Surfaces

    • Spheroidal (ball-and-socket) joint: allows free movement
      • Examples: shoulder joint, hip joint
    • Ellipsoidal joint: allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and a limited degree of rotation
      • Examples: atlanto-occipital joint
    • Saddle joint: allows flexion/extension and abduction/adduction
      • Examples: carpometacarpal joint of the thumb, pastern joint
    • Spiral (condylar) joint: allows flexion/extension
      • Examples: stifle joint, temporomandibular joint (TMG)
    • Plane (gliding) joint: allows sliding movement
      • Examples: carpus, tarsus

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    General Myology (ECU Veterinary Medicine PDF)

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the classifications of muscle tissue, including their functions, positions, and microscopic appearances. This quiz will cover various muscle types and their definitions, including skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser