Muscle Tissue Anatomy and Functions

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Questions and Answers

What are some benefits of massage?

It reduces stress, can help lower blood pressure, promotes muscle relaxation, improves circulation, improves posture, and helps strengthen the body's immune system.

Which type of massage is mainly used to treat musculoskeletal issues?

Swedish massage

Deep Tissue (correct)

Effleurage

Sports massage

What is reflexology?

A form of bodywork that applies pressure to the hands and feet to produce changes in pain and other benefits elsewhere in the body.

What is acupressure based on?

The theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that uses finger pressure to mobilize chi at specific spots on the body called acupuncture points. Signup and view all the answers

What condition does Mr. Che likely have?

Rotator cuff injury. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Mr. Che's condition?

Inflammation of a group of tendons that fuse together and surround the shoulder joint. Signup and view all the answers

What is muscular dystrophy?

A group of diseases in which the muscle cells deteriorate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected prognosis for muscular dystrophy?

Expected development of a disease. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in tennis elbow?

The tendon that connects to the arm muscle to the elbow becomes inflamed due to repetitive use of the arm. Signup and view all the answers

What treatments will the doctor prescribe for Letisha's tennis elbow?

Pain relief and ice packs to reduce inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

What changes occur in Eli's muscle system as he ages?

His muscles have become rigid, less toned, and have a lower ability to contract. Signup and view all the answers

What information should Kieran include in his presentation about sports medicine?

Include team physician, certified athletic trainer, coach, athlete, athlete's parents, school administration, and community health facilities. Signup and view all the answers

List three structural features of skeletal muscle tissue.

Voluntary, Striated, Packed close together Signup and view all the answers

Where is skeletal muscle tissue found in the body?

Virtually all bones of the skeleton Signup and view all the answers

List three structural features of smooth muscle tissue.

Involuntary, Nonstriated, Greater amount of actin Signup and view all the answers

Where is smooth muscle tissue located in the body?

Walls of hollow internal structures (blood vessels, airways, abdominopelvic organs) Signup and view all the answers

List three structural features of cardiac muscle tissue.

Involuntary, Striated, Joined at intercalated disks Signup and view all the answers

Where is cardiac muscle tissue found in the body?

Only in the heart Signup and view all the answers

Name the four common characteristics of muscle cells.

Contractibility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity Signup and view all the answers

A characteristic shared with nerve cells is the ability to respond to a stimulus, known as __________.

excitability Signup and view all the answers

This structure contains membranes fused at places called intercalated disks; identify the muscle.

cardiac muscle Signup and view all the answers

The ability of a muscle to return to its original length after stretching is known as __________.

elasticity Signup and view all the answers

The ability of muscles to be stretched is called __________.

extensibility Signup and view all the answers

Muscles only pull and never push; they are attached to the bones of the skeleton by __________.

tendons Signup and view all the answers

The part of the muscle attached to a fixed point on the bones is called __________.

origin Signup and view all the answers

This muscle has the ability to cause the diameter of blood vessels to decrease on contraction; identify it.

smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

Muscles that open and close to control the passage of substances are called __________.

dilator Signup and view all the answers

The ability of the muscle to shorten, which reduces the distance between parts, is known as __________.

contractility Signup and view all the answers

The part of the muscle attached to the movable part of the bone is known as __________.

insertion Signup and view all the answers

Muscles are always in a state of partial contraction.

True Signup and view all the answers

In an isotonic muscle contraction, the muscle does not shorten.

False Signup and view all the answers

When muscles are flaccid, they are weak.

True Signup and view all the answers

The primary muscle that would likely be worked in massage therapy for the upper back is __________.

trapezius Signup and view all the answers

If you weigh 160 pounds, approximately how much weight is muscle?

80 pounds Signup and view all the answers

Intercalated disks are found in which type of muscle?

Cardiac Signup and view all the answers

The characteristic of a muscle to be stretched is known as?

Extensibility Signup and view all the answers

Muscles that produce movement in a single direction are called?

Prime movers Signup and view all the answers

What do you call a single muscle contraction?

twitch Signup and view all the answers

A tear in the muscle is known as a __________.

strain Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscle Tissue Types

Skeletal Muscle: Voluntary, striated, packed closely together; located in virtually all bones of the skeleton.
Smooth Muscle: Involuntary, non-striated with a greater amount of actin; found in walls of hollow internal structures (blood vessels, airways, organs).
Cardiac Muscle: Involuntary, striated, connected by intercalated disks; exclusively in the heart.

Common Characteristics of Muscle Cells

Contractibility: Ability to shorten and produce force.
Excitability: Capability to respond to stimuli.
Extensibility: Ability to be stretched.
Elasticity: Capacity to return to original length after stretching.

Muscle Characteristics and Functions

Excitability: Shared with nerve cells in response to stimuli.
Cardiac Muscle: Features intercalated disks that allow synchronized contractions.
Elasticity: Ability of muscles to regain shape post-stretching.
Extensibility: Muscles can be stretched without damage.
Tendons: Connect muscles to bones, transmitting the pulling force.
Origin: Fixed attachment of a muscle; least movable during contraction.
Insertion: Movable attachment point of a muscle; most movable during contraction.
Smooth Muscle Contraction: Decreases the diameter of blood vessels.

Muscle Contraction Process

Requires stimulus from a motor nerve and energy (ATP).
Oxygen and glucose are essential for muscle cell function.
Neuromuscular Junction: Site where nerve impulse interacts with muscle.
Neurotransmitter: Chemical released at the junction to initiate contraction.
Action potential causes temporary permeability to sodium ions, leading to contraction.

Muscle Tone and Contraction Types

Muscle tone is always in partial contraction.
Isometric contraction: muscle tension remains constant, no length change.
Isotonic contraction: muscle length changes while maintaining tension.
Flaccid muscles indicate weakness or lack of tone.
Muscle atrophy is a decrease in muscle size from disuse.
Hypertrophy results in muscle enlargement through exercise.

Muscle Naming and Identification

Muscles are described by location, size, number of origins, and action.
Frontalis: Located on the forehead.
Gluteus Maximus: Largest muscle in the buttock region.
Triceps Brachii: Muscle with three heads of origin.
Serratus Anterior: Located at the anterior chest, moves scapula.

Factors Affecting Muscle Contractions

Age, sex, fiber type, speed of movement, relative strength, cross-sectional area, and joint area impact muscle function.

Muscle Health and Injuries

To manage body fat: cut carbs from diet.
Tetanus prevention: control wounds and maintain cleanliness.
Muscle fatigue recovery involves proper rest and hydration.
Rotator cuff injuries require rest, therapy, and possible steroid injections.

Various Muscle Types and Functions

Trapezius: Moves shoulders and extends the head.
Deltoid: Located at the shoulder joint, responsible for arm movement.
Biceps Brachii: Flexes the lower arm.
Gastrocnemius: Points toes and flexes the lower leg.

Mixed Muscles and Systems Interaction

Intercostal muscles assist in breathing.
Skeletal muscles help in fluid return to the heart.
Muscles create emotional expressions and impact body temperature regulation.

Conditions and Treatments

Muscular Dystrophy: Genetic defect leading to muscle cell deterioration; treatable with therapy and medication.
Tennis Elbow: Pain caused by overuse of elbow muscles, often requiring rest and therapy.
Headaches: Managed through rest and pain relief techniques.

Study Preparation

Exercise Regularly: Engage in daily activities to maintain muscle fitness.
Injury Awareness: Understand symptoms related to muscle strain and seek proper treatment to maintain long-term health.### Tennis Elbow
Inflammation of the tendon connecting the arm muscle to the elbow due to repetitive arm use and under-conditioning.
Activities potentially leading to tennis elbow include carrying luggage, swinging a golf club, and pounding with a hammer.
Treatment prescribed may include pain relief measures and application of ice packs to reduce inflammation.

Aging and Muscle Changes

Aging leads to increased muscle rigidity and decreased muscle tone.
Older adults may experience a lower ability for muscle contraction, influenced by changes in muscle tissue and the nervous system.

Sports Medicine and Athletic Training

Sports medicine encompasses a range of professionals including team physicians, certified athletic trainers, coaches, athletes, their parents, school administrators, and community health facilities.
Athletic training focuses specifically on the prevention and management of athletic injuries, involving immediate care during practices and games.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Identify their features and locations in the body through labeling diagrams and writing down key characteristics. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of muscle tissue structure and function.