41 Questions
What is the main function of satellite cells in skeletal muscle?
Maintaining muscle homeostasis
Where do satellite cells reside in skeletal muscle?
Between the basal lamina and the sarcolemma
What role do satellite cells play in muscle repair?
Aid in muscle regrowth
During which period are satellite cells most proliferative after tissue injury?
Between 5-10 days
What other cell types are involved in mediating muscle regeneration?
Immune cells and fibro/adipogenic progenitors
What is the significance of the basal lamina in muscle structure?
Individually wrapping myofibers
What is the primary function of myofibers?
Actively contracting in response to signals
What distinguishes satellite cells from other muscle cells?
Ability to regenerate tissue
What is the source of muscle progenitor cells required for postnatal muscle growth?
Satellite cells
Why was it important to wait until mice were adults before assessing the role of satellite cells in muscle homeostasis?
To avoid labeling growing cells
What is the result of asymmetric cell division in satellite stem cells?
A Pax7+/Myf5- satellite stem cell daughter and a Pax7+/Myf5+ committed daughter cell
What is the purpose of negative lineage-specific markers in FACS?
To remove non-satellite cells from the sample
What is the advantage of single myofiber isolation?
It maintains the cell on the myofiber, preserving the niche
What is the purpose of inducing muscle injury in some experiments?
To study satellite cell activation
What is the advantage of bio-engineering approaches in studying satellite cells?
They provide a more accurate representation of the in vivo environment
What is the purpose of transplantation/engraftment assays?
To assess muscle stem cell regenerative capacity
What is the role of Pax7 in identifying satellite cells?
It is a nuclear marker used to identify quiescent satellite cells
What is the purpose of using toxins in some experiments?
To lyse the membrane and cause an inflammatory response
What is the advantage of using VCAM as a surface marker?
It is a general marker used to identify satellite cells
What is the role of extrinsic and intrinsic signals in regulating satellite stem cell division?
They regulate asymmetric satellite stem cell division
What is the purpose of using siRNAs/drugs in transplantation/engraftment assays?
To delete specific genes of interest
Which pathway regulates cell fate by interacting with cell surface receptors?
WNT and Notch pathways
What is the main function of CARM1 in cell fate regulation?
Suppressing Myf5 activation
How does p38g regulation affect MyoD expression?
It inhibits MyoD
What is the effect of mutating the S572 residue of CARM1 to an alanine residue?
It increases nuclear localization of CARM1
What is the role of p38y in satellite stem cell self-renewal?
Preventing Myf5 activation
Which experimental tool is used to identify protein complexes at the single-cell level?
Proximity Ligation Assay
What is the effect of deleting p38-gamma on cell division?
Increase in asymmetric divisions
What is the function of satellite stem cells in muscle homeostasis?
Maintaining muscle regeneration
How do WNT and Notch pathways influence cell fate?
Through cell surface receptors
What is the main role of the myogenic factor expression pathway?
Controlling transcriptional and translational levels
What is the main function of macrophages in the regenerative response?
Switch from M1 to M2
Which transcription factor is essential for satellite cell function?
Pax7
What is the role of MYOD in satellite cell activation and proliferation?
Regulating myoblast proliferation
What is the fate of Pax7-null mice (Pax7-/-)?
Die within 2 weeks of birth
Which factor indicates myogenic commitment and regulates myoblast proliferation?
MYF5
Why is satellite cell quiescence described as a ''reversible state where cells are not actively dividing''?
To prevent spontaneous activation
Which type of cell has more stem-like properties within the satellite cell population?
Pax7+/Myf5- cells
What is the significance of symmetric cell division in satellite stem cells?
Promotes self-renewal
Why do activated satellite cells need high migratory capacity?
To reach the point of injury for repair
What is the role of MRF4 in satellite cell differentiation?
Promoting terminal differentiation
This quiz covers the topic of muscle stem cells, myogenesis, and the structure of skeletal muscle cells. It discusses the role of satellite cells in muscle regeneration and the composition of myofibers. Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of muscle biology!
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