Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?
Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?
- Cardiac
- Smooth (correct)
- Skeletal
- No muscle can regenerate
The strongest muscle contractions are normally achieved by ________.
The strongest muscle contractions are normally achieved by ________.
- Increasing the stimulation up to the maximal stimulus (correct)
- Recruiting small and medium muscle fibers
- Increasing stimulus above the threshold
- Increasing stimulus above the treppe stimulus
Myoglobin ________.
Myoglobin ________.
stores oxygen in muscle cells
Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the events of excitation - contraction coupling occur.
Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the events of excitation - contraction coupling occur.
During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?
During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?
Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?
Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?
The oxygen-binding protein found in muscle cells is ________.
The oxygen-binding protein found in muscle cells is ________.
The contractile units of skeletal muscles are ________.
The contractile units of skeletal muscles are ________.
When a muscle is unable to respond to stimuli temporarily, it is in which of the following periods?
When a muscle is unable to respond to stimuli temporarily, it is in which of the following periods?
In an isotonic contraction, the muscle ________.
In an isotonic contraction, the muscle ________.
Which of the following is true about smooth muscle contraction?
Which of the following is true about smooth muscle contraction?
Muscle tissue has all of the following properties except ________.
Muscle tissue has all of the following properties except ________.
Which of the following statements is true?
Which of the following statements is true?
Muscle tone is ________.
Muscle tone is ________.
The sliding filament model of contraction involves ________.
The sliding filament model of contraction involves ________.
After nervous stimulation stops, ACh in the synaptic cleft is prevented from continuing stimulation of contraction by ________.
After nervous stimulation stops, ACh in the synaptic cleft is prevented from continuing stimulation of contraction by ________.
Flashcards
Smooth muscle regeneration
Smooth muscle regeneration
Smooth muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate, meaning they can repair and replace themselves effectively.
Maximal muscle contraction
Maximal muscle contraction
The strongest muscle contractions are achieved by increasing the stimulation up to the maximal stimulus, meaning all muscle fibers are recruited and contracting.
Muscle oxygen storage
Muscle oxygen storage
Myoglobin is an oxygen-binding protein found in muscle cells, similar to hemoglobin in blood, that helps store oxygen for muscle use, particularly during intense exercise.
Latent period
Latent period
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Myosin-actin interaction
Myosin-actin interaction
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Endomysium
Endomysium
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Myoglobin
Myoglobin
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Myofibrils
Myofibrils
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Muscle Refractory Period
Muscle Refractory Period
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Isotonic contraction
Isotonic contraction
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Smooth muscle growth
Smooth muscle growth
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Muscle tissue properties
Muscle tissue properties
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Striated muscle structure
Striated muscle structure
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Muscle tone
Muscle tone
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Sliding filament model
Sliding filament model
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ACh breakdown in muscle
ACh breakdown in muscle
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Study Notes
Muscle Regeneration and Contraction
- Smooth muscle cells have the greatest regenerative ability compared to skeletal and cardiac muscle cells.
- Strongest muscle contractions are achieved by increasing stimulation up to the maximal stimulus.
Muscle Physiology
- Myoglobin is an oxygen-binding protein that stores oxygen in muscle cells, essential for energy production during muscle contractions.
- The latent period follows stimulus arrival, during which excitation-contraction coupling occurs.
Muscle Structure
- Myosin cross bridges attach to active sites on actin filaments during muscle contraction.
- The endomysium surrounds individual muscle cells, while perimysium surrounds fascicles, and epimysium wraps entire muscles.
Contraction Types and Properties
- Isotonic contraction refers to muscle length change while moving a load.
- Muscle tone is defined as a state of sustained partial contraction, important for posture and readiness to act.
Smooth Muscle Characteristics
- Certain smooth muscle cells possess the ability to divide, allowing an increase in cell number.
- Smooth muscle does not have the well-developed T tubules characteristic of skeletal muscle.
Muscle Tissue Properties
- Muscle tissue is defined by properties including contractility, extensibility, and excitability, but does not exhibit secretion.
- Striated muscle cells have numerous nuclei and are long and cylindrical, while cardiac muscle cells are found uniquely in the heart and large blood vessels.
Contraction Dynamics
- The sliding filament model of contraction involves actin and myosin sliding past each other and partially overlapping.
- After nervous stimulation ceases, acetylcholinesterase breaks down ACh in the synaptic cleft to prevent continued contraction stimulation.
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