Muscle Physiology and Function

Study Notes

Types of Muscle Tissue

Skeletal Muscle Tissue (Striated Muscle)
- Voluntary muscle, controlled by nervous system
- Multinucleated, striated, and parallel fibers
- Attached to bones, helps move skeleton
Smooth Muscle Tissue (Non-Striated Muscle)
- Involuntary muscle, not controlled by nervous system
- Spindle-shaped, single nucleus, and non-striated fibers
- Found in internal organs, helps move substances through organs
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
- Involuntary muscle, not controlled by nervous system
- Striated, branching fibers, and single nucleus
- Found in heart, pumps blood throughout body

Muscle Physiology

Muscle Fiber Types
- Slow-Twitch (Type I)
  - High endurance, low force, and slow contraction speed
- Fast-Twitch (Type II)
  - High force, low endurance, and fast contraction speed
Muscle Contraction
- Sliding Filament Theory
  - Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other to contract muscle
- Neuromuscular Junction
  - Chemical signal from neuron triggers muscle contraction
Muscle Energy Production
- Anaerobic Respiration
  - No oxygen required, produces lactic acid
- Aerobic Respiration
  - Oxygen required, produces ATP and water

Muscle Function

Muscle Movement
- Concentric Contraction
  - Muscle shortens, joint moves
- Eccentric Contraction
  - Muscle lengthens, joint moves
Muscle Roles
- Support and Stability
  - Maintains posture and joint stability
- Movement and Locomotion
  - Enables movement and locomotion
- Regulation of Body Functions
  - Helps regulate body temperature, digestion, and circulation

Description

Test your knowledge of muscle tissue types, muscle physiology, and muscle function. Learn about skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles, muscle fiber types, muscle contraction, and muscle energy production.