Muscle Physiology and Experimental Design Quiz

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What is the first step in the muscle contraction process?

Active site exposure (correct)
Cross-bridge formation
Power stroke
Myosin reset & ATP hydrolysis

What initiates the detachment of the myosin head from the actin filament?

Release of ADP
Hydrolysis of ATP
Formation of a cross-bridge
Attachment of new ATP molecule (correct)

Which type of muscle is characterized by being striated and involuntary?

Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle (correct)
Skeletal muscle
Voluntary muscle

What happens during the power stroke phase of muscle contraction?

ADP and phosphate are released (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which step immediately follows the formation of a cross-bridge between myosin and actin?

Power stroke (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the experimental design process?

Identify the Question (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an essential part of making a prediction in the experimental design process?

Identifying the variables (C) Signup and view all the answers

What follows after conducting the experiment in the experimental design process?

Analyzing the Data (D) Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of the experimental design process do you synthesize and model data?

Analyze the Data (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the epimysium in skeletal muscle structure?

It serves as the outermost layer of connective tissue. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle rule states that muscles work in opposing pairs?

Muscles work in opposing pairs. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which action is part of the 'Communicate Findings' phase in the experimental design process?

Reflecting on the original question and hypothesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes flexors from extensors in muscle function?

Flexors decrease the angle between ventral surfaces. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are blood vessels and nerves collectively known as in muscle tissue?

Plexus (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is characterized by limited movement and is connected by hyaline cartilage?

Cartilaginous joint (B) Signup and view all the answers

How is the muscle insertion defined?

The attachment point that moves during contraction. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of synovial joint allows for the greatest range of motion?

Ball and socket joint (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a synovial joint serves to reduce friction between articulating bones?

Bursa (C) Signup and view all the answers

Identifying which of the following is NOT a type of synovial joint?

Fibrous joint (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about fibrous joints is true?

They are primarily made of collagen. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which exercise focuses on improving ankle mobility?

Ankle Inversion with Band (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Heel Slides in ROM exercises?

To improve knee joint range of motion (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which exercise requires the use of a therapy band?

Ankle Inversion with Band (D) Signup and view all the answers

During which exercise would a person be expected to hold onto a wall for balance?

Standing Quad Stretch (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes moving away from the midline of the body?

Abduction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does circumduction involve?

A circular motion (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which exercise targets the hip extensors and stabilizers?

Single Leg Bridge (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperextension?

Excessive straightening beyond the normal range (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which movement is described as bending at the ankle while pointing the toes toward the ground?

Plantar flexion (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do muscles and joints cooperate to facilitate movement?

Joints allow bones to move when muscles contract (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?

Prevents the tibia from sliding forward (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following injuries commonly results from a valgus deformity?

Medial collateral ligament injury (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of impact typically causes a posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury?

Sudden, direct impact (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary uses of kinesiology tape?

To change muscle tone (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes passive range of motion exercises?

Therapist-assisted movements to stretch muscles (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is classified by its shape and resembles a trapezoid?

Trapezius (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles has its origin on ribs 3-5?

Pectoralis Minor (D) Signup and view all the answers

What action does the flexor carpi ulnaris perform?

Flexes the hand at the wrist (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is characterized by having two origins?

Biceps Brachii (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the abdominal head of the pectoralis major during a volleyball spike?

Pulls the arm down (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle fibers are arranged in a circular pattern?

Orbicularis Oculi (B) Signup and view all the answers

The insertion of the sternal head of the pectoralis major is located on which part of the body?

Lateral edge of the humerus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the gluteus maximus from the gluteus minimus?

Size (D) Signup and view all the answers

Skeletal Muscle

Striated, voluntary muscle attached to bone, enabling movement.

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary muscle found in organs like digestive tract, helping with digestion & blood flow.