Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the normal length assessed during the Thomas test?
What is the normal length assessed during the Thomas test?
Which position is required to adequately perform the Ely test?
Which position is required to adequately perform the Ely test?
In the context of muscle tightness, which of the following muscles is typically considered tight?
In the context of muscle tightness, which of the following muscles is typically considered tight?
What is the normal range of hip flexion with knee extension during Straight Leg Raise (SLR) testing?
What is the normal range of hip flexion with knee extension during Straight Leg Raise (SLR) testing?
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What indicates normal length for the gastrocnemius during testing?
What indicates normal length for the gastrocnemius during testing?
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Match the muscle assessment tests with the muscles they evaluate:
Match the muscle assessment tests with the muscles they evaluate:
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Match the assessment positions with the corresponding tests:
Match the assessment positions with the corresponding tests:
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Match the muscle tightness with their corresponding weak antagonists:
Match the muscle tightness with their corresponding weak antagonists:
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Match the muscles typically considered tight with their specific locations:
Match the muscles typically considered tight with their specific locations:
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Match the normal length requirements with their respective tests:
Match the normal length requirements with their respective tests:
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During the Ely test, normal range is assessed with the knee flexed to 90° without any hip flexion.
During the Ely test, normal range is assessed with the knee flexed to 90° without any hip flexion.
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The normal length for the hamstrings during the Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test is 60°-70° of hip flexion with the knee extended.
The normal length for the hamstrings during the Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test is 60°-70° of hip flexion with the knee extended.
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The Ober test assesses the tightness of the iliopsoas muscle.
The Ober test assesses the tightness of the iliopsoas muscle.
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The normal length for the gastrocnemius is determined by an ankle dorsiflexion of 10° with the knee extended.
The normal length for the gastrocnemius is determined by an ankle dorsiflexion of 10° with the knee extended.
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A limit in passive range of motion (PROM) testing can indicate tightness in muscles that cross two or more joints.
A limit in passive range of motion (PROM) testing can indicate tightness in muscles that cross two or more joints.
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Study Notes
Muscle Length Assessment
- Muscle length is the maximum distance between a muscle's origin and insertion. Joint movement is the opposite of the muscle's action.
- Single-joint muscles: Tightness is assessed with goniometry. Limitations in passive range of motion (PROM) indicate tightness.
- Two or more joint muscles: Lengthening is assessed across the joints. The patient's position should allow the muscle to be lengthened over the proximal or distal joint. Measurement occurs while moving the joint through its full range.
Specific Muscle Length Tests
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Thomas Test: Assesses hip flexors (iliopsoas, rectus femoris).
- Patient supine, knees and hips flexed. Drop one leg.
- Normal Length: Thigh remains flat (10° hip extension; 80° knee flexion).
-
Ely Test: Assesses rectus femoris.
- Patient prone, knee flexed.
- Normal Length: 90° knee flexion without hip flexion.
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Ober Test: Assesses tensor fasciae latae (TFL) and iliotibial (IT) band.
- Patient side-lying, knee flexed, hip abducted, and extended. Pelvis is stabilized. Drop leg.
- Normal Length: 10° hip abduction.
-
Straight Leg Raise (SLR): Assesses hamstrings.
- Patient supine, opposite leg extended.
- Flex hip with extended knee.
- Normal Length: 70-80° hip flexion with knee extension.
-
90/90 Hamstring Test: Alternative for hamstring assessment.
- Patient supine, hips and knees flexed to 90°.
- Extend knee to a barrier.
- Normal Length: Within 20° of full knee extension.
-
Gastrocnemius Test: Assesses gastrocnemius.
- 10° ankle dorsiflexion (DF) with the knee extended.
- Pectoralis Minor: Assesses pectoralis minor in supine position with neutral shoulder alignment.
Tight and Tender Muscles
- Commonly Tight Muscles: Rectus femoris, iliopsoas, thoracic-lumbar extensors, sternocleidomastoid (SCM), pectoralis major, upper trapezius, and levator scapulae.
- Commonly Weak/Elongated Antagonist Muscles: Deep cervical flexors, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, abdominals, gluteus medius, and gluteus maximus.
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Description
Test your knowledge on muscle length assessment techniques and specific tests, such as the Thomas Test, Ely Test, and Ober Test. This quiz covers key concepts in muscle biomechanics and the assessment of flexibility in various muscle groups.
