Muscle Cell and Muscle Fiber Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the large mass of muscle that powers movement?

  • Sarcoplasm
  • Sarcomere
  • Myofibril
  • Muscle Belly (correct)

Which protein covers actin binding sites at rest in muscle fibers?

  • Troponin T
  • Myosin
  • Actin
  • Tropomyosin (correct)

What is the sarcolemma in a muscle fiber?

  • Membrane of the muscle fiber (correct)
  • Contractile unit
  • Energy stores and signaling mechanisms
  • Inner material surrounding fibers

Which component is considered the smallest complete contractile system in muscle cells?

<p>Sarcomere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein filament is considered 'relaxing' and covers actin binding sites in muscle fibers?

<p>Tropomyosin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bands do the myofilaments overlap to form in a muscle fiber?

<p>Dark and thick bands (A band) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of muscle cramps during exercise?

<p>Lactic acid accumulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the muscle is considered the immovable end?

<p>Origin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of rigor mortis after death?

<p>Partial contraction of skeletal muscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the condition of tetanus, what happens to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine?

<p>It is not broken down by cholinesterase, leading to sustained muscle contraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle primarily relies on extracellular calcium for contraction?

<p>Smooth muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in the mechanism of contraction between skeletal and smooth muscles?

<p>The role of calcium in initiating contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in the neuromuscular junction?

<p>Activating vesicles containing Ach to release Ach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when Na+ channels open in response to Ach binding with NM Receptors at the Muscle End Plate?

<p>Production of EPP leading to depolarization of the sarcolemma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Ryanodine Receptors in the process of muscle contraction?

<p>Releasing Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the ICF (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate result of Trop C binding with Ca2+ during muscle contraction?

<p>Displacement of Tropomyosin exposing myosin binding sites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs once myosin binds to the Second Binding Site in actin during muscle contraction?

<p>Unbinding with the First Binding Site in actin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP binding to myosin head during muscle contraction?

<p>&quot;Recocking&quot; of the myosin heads (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of creatine phosphate in muscle cells?

<p>To increase regeneration of ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is responsible for the sustained contraction of individual fibers even when the muscle is at rest?

<p>Tropomyosin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of energy for muscle contractions?

<p>ATP from cellular respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the minimal strength required to cause a muscle contraction?

<p>Threshold Stimulus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to muscles during hypertrophy?

<p>Muscles enlarge due to working out or certain disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In muscle fibers, what does the all-or-none response principle imply?

<p>Fibers either contract fully or not at all (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the brief period of repolarization in Phase 1 of the action potential?

<p>K+ influx (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase is characterized by a plateau of action potential due to Ca2+ influx?

<p>Phase 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What inhibits muscle contraction in smooth muscles?

<p>Caldesmon and Calponin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the slowly depolarizing prepotential in the SA Node?

<p>Slow Na+ efflux (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of smooth muscles phosphorylates and activates myosin heads?

<p>Myosin-Light Chain Kinase (MLCK) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Caveoli in smooth muscles?

<p>Promote Ca2+ influx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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