Podcast
Questions and Answers
The muscle that draws the scalp backward is called the ______.
The muscle that draws the scalp backward is called the ______.
Occipitalis
The ______ muscle elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the skin of the forehead.
The ______ muscle elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the skin of the forehead.
Frontalis
The muscle that compresses the cheek is known as the ______.
The muscle that compresses the cheek is known as the ______.
Buccinator
The muscle responsible for raising the upper lip is called the ______.
The muscle responsible for raising the upper lip is called the ______.
The muscle that closes the lips is known as ______.
The muscle that closes the lips is known as ______.
The ______ muscle pulls the angle of the mouth upward and backward when laughing.
The ______ muscle pulls the angle of the mouth upward and backward when laughing.
The muscle that flexes the vertebral column and rotates the head is called the ______.
The muscle that flexes the vertebral column and rotates the head is called the ______.
The muscle that rolls the eyeball upward is known as the ______.
The muscle that rolls the eyeball upward is known as the ______.
The ______ elevates and retracts the scapula.
The ______ elevates and retracts the scapula.
The ______ moves the scapula forward away from the spine.
The ______ moves the scapula forward away from the spine.
The ______ flexes, adducts, and rotates the arm medially.
The ______ flexes, adducts, and rotates the arm medially.
The ______ adducts and extends the arm, rotating it medially.
The ______ adducts and extends the arm, rotating it medially.
The ______ abducts the arm.
The ______ abducts the arm.
The ______ rotates the humerus outward.
The ______ rotates the humerus outward.
The ______ flexes and adducts the arm.
The ______ flexes and adducts the arm.
The ______ draws the head to one side and rotates the scapula.
The ______ draws the head to one side and rotates the scapula.
The ______ oblique compresses abdominal contents.
The ______ oblique compresses abdominal contents.
The ______ abdominis flexes the vertebral column.
The ______ abdominis flexes the vertebral column.
The diaphragm increases the vertical diameter of the ______.
The diaphragm increases the vertical diameter of the ______.
The ______ intercostals draw adjacent ribs together.
The ______ intercostals draw adjacent ribs together.
The ______ major flexes and rotates the thigh medially.
The ______ major flexes and rotates the thigh medially.
The gluteus maximus flexes and rotates the thigh ______.
The gluteus maximus flexes and rotates the thigh ______.
The ______ lumborum flexes the trunk laterally.
The ______ lumborum flexes the trunk laterally.
The iliacus works in conjunction with the psoas to flex the ______ medially.
The iliacus works in conjunction with the psoas to flex the ______ medially.
The ______ brachii extends and adducts the forearm.
The ______ brachii extends and adducts the forearm.
The ______ flexes the forearm.
The ______ flexes the forearm.
The ______ carpi radialis flexes and abducts the wrist.
The ______ carpi radialis flexes and abducts the wrist.
The ______ muscle abducts the thumb.
The ______ muscle abducts the thumb.
The ______ digitorum extends the index finger.
The ______ digitorum extends the index finger.
The ______ abductor minimi abducts the little finger.
The ______ abductor minimi abducts the little finger.
The ______ palmaris tenses the palm of the hand.
The ______ palmaris tenses the palm of the hand.
The ______ quadratus pronates the forearm.
The ______ quadratus pronates the forearm.
The gluteus minimus muscle abducts and rotates the thigh medially, originating from the _____ and attaching to the femur.
The gluteus minimus muscle abducts and rotates the thigh medially, originating from the _____ and attaching to the femur.
The tensor fascia lata tenses the ______ and assists in stabilizing the hip.
The tensor fascia lata tenses the ______ and assists in stabilizing the hip.
The adductor magnus primarily functions to adduct and extend the thigh, originating from the ischium and ishiopubic ______.
The adductor magnus primarily functions to adduct and extend the thigh, originating from the ischium and ishiopubic ______.
The quadriceps femoris group extends the leg and flexes the thigh, with the rectus femoris flexing the thigh at the ______ joint.
The quadriceps femoris group extends the leg and flexes the thigh, with the rectus femoris flexing the thigh at the ______ joint.
The gastrocnemius muscle is responsible for plantar flexing the foot and also flexes the ______.
The gastrocnemius muscle is responsible for plantar flexing the foot and also flexes the ______.
The vastus lateralis muscle extends the lower leg and helps the body rise up from a ______ position.
The vastus lateralis muscle extends the lower leg and helps the body rise up from a ______ position.
The peroneus longus muscle everts and plantar flexes the foot, while the tibialis anterior ______ flexes the foot.
The peroneus longus muscle everts and plantar flexes the foot, while the tibialis anterior ______ flexes the foot.
The ______ is a muscle that flexes the leg and rotates it laterally after being flexed.
The ______ is a muscle that flexes the leg and rotates it laterally after being flexed.
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Study Notes
Muscles of Facial Expression
- Occipitalis: Draws scalp backward.
- Frontalis: Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles forehead skin.
- Zygomaticus Minor: Draws upper lip upward and outward.
- Levator labii superioris: Elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostril.
- Buccinator: Compresses cheek and retracts the angle of the mouth.
- Zygomaticus Major: Pulls mouth angle upward and backward during laughter.
- Mentalis: Raises and protrudes lower lip, as when in doubt.
- Orbicularis Oris: Closes lips.
- Risorius: Known as the “smiling” muscle.
Muscles of Mastication
- Masseter: Closes the jaw.
- Temporalis: Raises mandible, closes mouth, and draws mandible backward.
- Medial Pterygoid: Raises the mandible and closes the mouth.
- Lateral Pterygoid: Brings jaw forward.
Muscles of the Eye
- Superior Rectus: Rolls eyeball upward.
- Inferior Rectus: Rolls eyeball downward.
- Medial Rectus: Rolls eyeball medially.
- Lateral Rectus: Rolls eyeball laterally.
- Superior Oblique: Rotates eyeball on axis.
- Inferior Oblique: Rotates eyeball on axis.
Muscles of the Head
- Sternocleidomastoid: Flexes vertebral column and rotates the head.
Muscles Moving the Shoulder Girdle
- Levator: Flexes vertebral column and rotates the head.
- Rhomboid Major: Moves scapula backward and upward; slight rotation.
- Rhomboid Minor: Elevates and retracts the scapula.
- Pectoralis Minor: Depresses shoulder and rotates scapula downward.
- Trapezius: Draws head to one side and rotates the scapula.
- Serratus Anterior: Moves scapula forward away from the spine.
Muscles Moving the Humerus
- Coracobrachialis: Flexes and adducts the arm.
- Pectoralis Major: Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the arm.
- Teres Major: Adducts, extends, and medially rotates the arm.
- Teres Minor: Laterally rotates and adducts the arm.
- Deltoid: Abducts the arm.
- Supraspinatus: Abducts the arm.
- Infraspinatus: Rotates the humerus outward.
- Latissimus Dorsi: Extends, adducts, and rotates arm medially.
Muscles Moving the Elbow
- Brachialis: Flexes forearm.
- Triceps Brachii: Extends and adducts the forearm.
- Biceps Brachii: Flexes arm and forearm; supinates hand.
- Anconeus: Extends forearm.
- Brachioradialis: Flexes forearm.
Muscles Moving the Wrist
- Flexor Carpi Radialis: Flexes and abducts the wrist.
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Flexes and adducts the wrist.
- Extensors: Extended muscles include Radialis Brevis, Radialis Longus, and Ulnaris which extend and/or abduct/adduct the wrist.
- Palmaris Longus: Flexes the wrist.
Muscles Moving the Hand, Thumb, and Fingers
- Supinator: Supinates the forearm.
- Pronator Teres & Quadratus: Pronates the forearm.
- Flexor Pollicis Longus/Brevis: Flexes the thumb.
- Extensor Pollicis Longus/Brevis: Extends the thumb.
- Adductor Pollicis: Adducts the thumb.
- Interossei: Control finger movements (abduction and adduction).
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
- External Oblique: Compresses abdominal contents.
- Internal Oblique: Compresses abdominal contents.
- Transversus Abdominis: Compresses abdominal contents.
- Rectus Abdominis: Flexes the vertebral column; assists in compressing the abdominal wall.
Muscles of Respiration
- Diaphragm: Increases vertical diameter of thorax.
- External Intercostals: Draws adjacent ribs together.
- Internal Intercostals: Draws adjacent ribs together.
- Quadratus Lumborum: Flexes trunk laterally.
Muscles Moving the Femur
- Psoas Major: Flexes and rotates thigh medially.
- Gluteus Maximus: Flexes and laterally rotates thigh.
- Gluteus Medius & Minimus: Abducts and medially rotates thigh.
- Tensor Fascia Lata: Tenses fascia lata.
- Adductor Group: Includes Brevis, Longus, and Magnus for adducting and rotating the thigh.
Muscles Moving the Knee Joint
- Biceps Femoris: Flexes leg and rotates laterally.
- Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus: Flex leg and extend thigh.
- Quadriceps Femoris Group: Extends leg (includes Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Medialis, Intermedius).
Muscles Moving the Foot and Toes
- Gastrocnemius & Soleus: Plantar flex the foot.
- Tibialis Anterior: Dorsally flexes the foot.
- Peroneus Muscles: Evert and plantar flex the foot.
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