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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the Stapedius muscle?
What is the primary function of the Stapedius muscle?
- Facilitating jaw movement
- Regulating blood flow in the ear
- Controlling balance
- Assisting in hearing (correct)
What is the approximate length of the Stapedius muscle?
What is the approximate length of the Stapedius muscle?
- 2 mm
- 10 mm
- 15 mm
- 5 mm (correct)
Which statement accurately describes the size of the Stapedius muscle compared to common materials?
Which statement accurately describes the size of the Stapedius muscle compared to common materials?
- It is larger than a typical needle
- It is about the same width as a human hair
- It is thinner than cotton thread (correct)
- It is thicker than a pencil lead
In which part of the body is the Stapedius muscle located?
In which part of the body is the Stapedius muscle located?
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with the Stapedius?
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with the Stapedius?
What does exercise do to muscle fibers?
What does exercise do to muscle fibers?
What is referred to as the partial contraction of muscle fibers?
What is referred to as the partial contraction of muscle fibers?
What role does muscle tone play in body posture?
What role does muscle tone play in body posture?
What happens when muscle tone is weakened?
What happens when muscle tone is weakened?
What is the difference between origin and insertion of a muscle?
What is the difference between origin and insertion of a muscle?
What is the primary function of the sarcolemma in muscle cells?
What is the primary function of the sarcolemma in muscle cells?
Which of the following accurately describes myofilaments in muscle cells?
Which of the following accurately describes myofilaments in muscle cells?
Which type of myofilament is classified as thick?
Which type of myofilament is classified as thick?
What would be a consequence of damage to the sarcolemma?
What would be a consequence of damage to the sarcolemma?
Which protein interacts with calcium ions to facilitate muscle contraction?
Which protein interacts with calcium ions to facilitate muscle contraction?
What is the primary reason standing on tiptoes is tiring?
What is the primary reason standing on tiptoes is tiring?
Which statement is true regarding the distribution of muscle fiber types among individuals?
Which statement is true regarding the distribution of muscle fiber types among individuals?
Which of the following best describes the muscle fiber composition for a typical long-distance runner?
Which of the following best describes the muscle fiber composition for a typical long-distance runner?
If two athletes have the same age, weight, and fitness level but different performance outcomes, what can be inferred about their muscle fiber types?
If two athletes have the same age, weight, and fitness level but different performance outcomes, what can be inferred about their muscle fiber types?
When jogging slowly, which type of muscle fibers are primarily engaged?
When jogging slowly, which type of muscle fibers are primarily engaged?
Which type of fascicle configuration features muscle fibers that are arranged on both sides of the tendon?
Which type of fascicle configuration features muscle fibers that are arranged on both sides of the tendon?
What is a characteristic of a multipennate fascicle?
What is a characteristic of a multipennate fascicle?
Which of the following is an example of a muscle with a bipennate fascicle arrangement?
Which of the following is an example of a muscle with a bipennate fascicle arrangement?
What type of muscle fascicle arrangement would you expect to see less force production in?
What type of muscle fascicle arrangement would you expect to see less force production in?
Which of these terms does not correspond to a classification based on fascicle arrangement?
Which of these terms does not correspond to a classification based on fascicle arrangement?
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Study Notes
The Stapedius
- Located deep in the ear, measures 5mm, thinner than a cotton thread.
- Plays a critical role in hearing.
Muscle Composition and Types
- Muscle cells feature a membrane called the sarcolemma.
- Composed of two types of myofilaments: myosin (thick) and actin (thin).
- Muscles contain a mixture of fast-twitch and slow-twitch fibers.
Fiber Composition Variations
- Muscle fiber composition varies per muscle type, impacting strength and endurance.
- Example: Calf muscle contains about 80% fast-twitch fibers, making it more robust for movements like standing on tiptoes.
- Sprinters often have a higher percentage of fast-twitch fibers, while long-distance runners typically possess more slow-twitch fibers.
Muscle Function and Exercise
- Jogging slowly primarily activates slow-twitch fibers for leg movement.
- Regular exercise enhances muscle tone, increasing the thickness of fibers for stronger contractions.
- Small numbers of fibers contract even when muscles are relaxed, maintaining a state called muscle tone.
- Adequate muscle tone is necessary for maintaining upright posture.
- Weak muscle tone can lead to poor posture.
Muscle Structure
- Origin: muscle attachment to the stationary bone.
- Insertion: muscle attachment to the moving bone.
- Bipennate Fascicle: fibers on both sides of the tendon (e.g., Rectus femoris).
- Multipennate Fascicle: muscle fibers wrap around the tendon, forming individual fascicles (e.g., Extensor digitorum longus).
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