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Questions and Answers
Which fiber type is characterized by being fatigue resistant and having a higher number of mitochondria?
What type of fascicle orientation consists of fascicles that are aligned parallel to the long axis of the muscle?
Which of the following statements about Type 2 fibers is true?
Which fascicle orientation is characterized by having a central tendon running through the muscle?
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What does a myotome represent in the human muscular system?
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Match the following spinal levels with their corresponding muscle groups:
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Study Notes
Fascicle Orientation
- Parallel: Muscle fibers run in the same direction as the muscle's long axis, found in most skeletal muscles.
- Circular: Muscle fibers arrange in a circular pattern, like the sphincter muscles.
- Convergent: Muscle fibers converge from a wide origin to a narrow insertion, examples include the pectoralis major muscle.
- Pennate: Muscle fibers attach to a central tendon running through the muscle, known for generating high force but limited movement.
Fiber Type
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Slow Twitch (Type 1):
- Fatigue resistant and rely on aerobic metabolism.
- High in mitochondria and myoglobin for oxygen storage.
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Fast Twitch (Type 2):
- Fatigue quickly but produce greater force.
- Type 2X: Produce the most force but are inefficient and rely heavily on anaerobic metabolism.
- Type 2A: Intermediate between Type 1 and Type 2X in both fatigue resistance and force production.
Myotome
- A group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve root.
Spinal Nerve Root Innervation of Muscles
- C5 - Innervates the elbow flexors, responsible for bending the elbow.
- C6 - Controls the wrist extensors, allowing the wrist to move back, or extend.
- C7 - Innervates the elbow extensors, allowing for straightening of the elbow.
- C8 - Governs the finger extensors, enabling extension of the fingers.
- T1 - Innervates the intrinsic hand muscles, responsible for fine motor movements within the hand.
- L2 - Innervates the hip flexors, important for flexing the hip.
- L3 - Controls the knee extensors, essential for straightening the knee.
- L4 - Innervates the ankle dorsiflexors, allowing for dorsiflexion, or pointing the toes up.
- L5 - Controls the long toe extensors, which are involved in extending each toe individually.
- S1 - Innervates the ankle plantar flexors, crucial for plantar flexion, or pointing the toes down.
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Description
Test your knowledge on muscle fascicle orientation and fiber types with this quiz. Explore the differences between slow twitch and fast twitch muscles, including their characteristics and functions. Perfect for students studying anatomy or physiology.
