Muscle Anatomy and Connective Tissue Layers Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the perimysium in muscle tissue?

  • To electrically insulate muscle fibers
  • To provide ATP for muscle contraction
  • To separate fascicles (correct)
  • To encase the muscle belly

    • Which structure in a muscle fiber serves as the contractile unit of a myofibril?

  • Sarcomere (correct)
  • Sarcolemma
  • T-tubules
  • Terminal cisternae

    • What is the function of the sarcolemma in a muscle fiber?

  • Form the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber (correct)
  • Provide ATP for muscle contraction
  • Surround individual muscles
  • Store calcium ions (Ca2+)

    • What is the role of the endomysium in muscle tissue?

    <p>Provide electrical insulation to muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure provides a storage site for calcium ions within a muscle fiber?

    <p>Terminal cisternae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the superficial fascia in muscle tissue?

    <p>Encase groups of muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fuel source that is used first during muscle contraction?

    <p>Creatine phosphate converted to ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle fiber has a higher myoglobin and mitochondrion content?

    <p>Type I (Slow-Twitch)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of contraction involves the muscle shortening as it contracts?

    <p>Concentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the buildup of lactate in muscles during anaerobic respiration?

    <p>Incomplete conversion of lactate back to glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle fiber is primarily responsible for explosive energy production?

    <p>Fast-Twitch (Type IIb)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the breakdown of ATP during muscle contraction?

    <p>ATP splits into ADP and P</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the neuromuscular junction?

    <p>To break down acetylcholine (ACh) after it has initiated muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle governs the recruitment of motor units during muscle contraction?

    <p>The smallest motor units are recruited first, followed by larger ones as demand increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of troponin during the sliding filament model of muscle contraction?

    <p>To bind with calcium ions and cause tropomyosin to expose the myosin binding sites on actin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the motor end plate in the neuromuscular junction?

    <p>To bind with acetylcholine and initiate muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the power stroke of muscle contraction, what is the primary energy source utilized by myosin?

    <p>ADP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction?

    <p>To store and release acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of myosin in muscle contraction?

    <p>To form the thick filaments and provide binding sites for actin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

    <p>It covers the myosin binding sites on actin (thin filaments)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the A-band in a sarcomere?

    <p>Z-disc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of titin in muscle contraction?

    <p>It binds myosin to the Z-disc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the motor unit in muscle contraction?

    <p>It allows for graded muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle behind the 'all or none' response in muscle contraction?

    <p>All muscle fibers in a motor unit contract at the same time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the eccentric phase of a bench press (lowering portion)?

    <p>The load exceeds the force of contraction, causing myosin to detach from actin and increasing muscle repair and strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two factors that determine the amount of muscle tension produced?

    <p>Recruitment of motor units and rate of recruitment (coding frequency)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about hypertrophy and atrophy is correct?

    <p>Hypertrophy is an increase in myofilaments, while atrophy is a decrease in myofilaments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about cardiac muscle is incorrect?

    <p>Cardiac muscle fibers are long and cylindrical, with a surrounding epimysium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes multi-unit smooth muscle from visceral (single-unit) smooth muscle?

    <p>Multi-unit smooth muscle has individual motor neuron terminals for each fiber, while visceral smooth muscle has a single innervation point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common effect of aging on muscle mass?

    <p>A 10% decrease in muscle mass between ages 30-50, followed by a 40% decrease by age 80.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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