17 Questions
Which type of exercise promotes change in oxidative muscle fibres by increasing the number of mitochondria and capillaries?
Endurance aerobic exercise
What is the term used to describe the increase in diameter of fast-glycolytic fibres due to an increase in the synthesis of actin and myosin?
Hypertrophy
Which type of muscle shows dense bodies replacing Z lines and uses Calmodulin instead of troponin?
Smooth muscle
What happens during disuse atrophy of muscles?
Boost in protein breakdown
Which type of smooth muscle forms sheets or bundles of tissue and is myogenic in nature?
Single unit smooth muscle
During smooth muscle contraction, what is required for myosin to interact with actin?
Phosphorylation of myosin
What triggers the release of Ca2+ from the Sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle?
AP in T-tubules
What happens when Ca2+ ions bind to troponin on actin filaments during excitation-contraction coupling?
Tropomyosin is physically moved aside
In skeletal muscle, what is the role of myosin during contraction?
Pulls actin filaments towards the center of the sarcomere
Which event allows the physical movement of tropomyosin aside to expose binding sites on actin in skeletal muscle?
Increase in intracellular [Ca2+]
What is the main function of troponin during muscle contraction?
Binds Ca2+ ions on actin filaments
What is the primary role of T-tubules in skeletal muscle contraction?
Facilitating AP propagation through sarcolemma
What happens when a muscle fiber is restimulated before it has completely relaxed?
Twitch summation occurs
What is the term for the maximal sustained contraction that occurs when a muscle fiber is stimulated so rapidly it does not relax between stimuli?
Tetanus
Which factor leads to bigger muscles having more fibers per motor neuron?
Activation of more motor units
What occurs when a muscle fiber is restimulated after it has completely relaxed?
Single twitch
What happens when more force is needed in whole-muscle contraction?
Activation of more motor units
Learn about the adaptations of muscle fibers to endurance aerobic and high-intensity anaerobic exercises. Understand the changes in oxidative fibers, mitochondria, capillaries, and muscle size associated with different types of exercises.
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