Muscle Adaptations to Endurance and Anaerobic Exercise
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Questions and Answers

Which type of exercise promotes change in oxidative muscle fibres by increasing the number of mitochondria and capillaries?

  • High intensity resistance exercise
  • Short duration weightlifting
  • Anaerobic exercise
  • Endurance aerobic exercise (correct)
  • What is the term used to describe the increase in diameter of fast-glycolytic fibres due to an increase in the synthesis of actin and myosin?

  • Hyperplasia
  • Atrophy
  • Hypotrophy
  • Hypertrophy (correct)
  • Which type of muscle shows dense bodies replacing Z lines and uses Calmodulin instead of troponin?

  • Cardiac muscle
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Smooth muscle (correct)
  • Striated muscle
  • What happens during disuse atrophy of muscles?

    <p>Boost in protein breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of smooth muscle forms sheets or bundles of tissue and is myogenic in nature?

    <p>Single unit smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During smooth muscle contraction, what is required for myosin to interact with actin?

    <p>Phosphorylation of myosin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of Ca2+ from the Sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle?

    <p>AP in T-tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when Ca2+ ions bind to troponin on actin filaments during excitation-contraction coupling?

    <p>Tropomyosin is physically moved aside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In skeletal muscle, what is the role of myosin during contraction?

    <p>Pulls actin filaments towards the center of the sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event allows the physical movement of tropomyosin aside to expose binding sites on actin in skeletal muscle?

    <p>Increase in intracellular [Ca2+]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of troponin during muscle contraction?

    <p>Binds Ca2+ ions on actin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of T-tubules in skeletal muscle contraction?

    <p>Facilitating AP propagation through sarcolemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a muscle fiber is restimulated before it has completely relaxed?

    <p>Twitch summation occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the maximal sustained contraction that occurs when a muscle fiber is stimulated so rapidly it does not relax between stimuli?

    <p>Tetanus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor leads to bigger muscles having more fibers per motor neuron?

    <p>Activation of more motor units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a muscle fiber is restimulated after it has completely relaxed?

    <p>Single twitch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when more force is needed in whole-muscle contraction?

    <p>Activation of more motor units</p> Signup and view all the answers

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