Muscle Adaptations to Endurance and Anaerobic Exercise
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Questions and Answers

Which type of exercise promotes change in oxidative muscle fibres by increasing the number of mitochondria and capillaries?

  • High intensity resistance exercise
  • Short duration weightlifting
  • Anaerobic exercise
  • Endurance aerobic exercise (correct)

What is the term used to describe the increase in diameter of fast-glycolytic fibres due to an increase in the synthesis of actin and myosin?

  • Hyperplasia
  • Atrophy
  • Hypotrophy
  • Hypertrophy (correct)

Which type of muscle shows dense bodies replacing Z lines and uses Calmodulin instead of troponin?

  • Cardiac muscle
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Smooth muscle (correct)
  • Striated muscle

What happens during disuse atrophy of muscles?

<p>Boost in protein breakdown (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of smooth muscle forms sheets or bundles of tissue and is myogenic in nature?

<p>Single unit smooth muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During smooth muscle contraction, what is required for myosin to interact with actin?

<p>Phosphorylation of myosin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the release of Ca2+ from the Sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle?

<p>AP in T-tubules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when Ca2+ ions bind to troponin on actin filaments during excitation-contraction coupling?

<p>Tropomyosin is physically moved aside (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In skeletal muscle, what is the role of myosin during contraction?

<p>Pulls actin filaments towards the center of the sarcomere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event allows the physical movement of tropomyosin aside to expose binding sites on actin in skeletal muscle?

<p>Increase in intracellular [Ca2+] (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of troponin during muscle contraction?

<p>Binds Ca2+ ions on actin filaments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of T-tubules in skeletal muscle contraction?

<p>Facilitating AP propagation through sarcolemma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a muscle fiber is restimulated before it has completely relaxed?

<p>Twitch summation occurs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the maximal sustained contraction that occurs when a muscle fiber is stimulated so rapidly it does not relax between stimuli?

<p>Tetanus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor leads to bigger muscles having more fibers per motor neuron?

<p>Activation of more motor units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a muscle fiber is restimulated after it has completely relaxed?

<p>Single twitch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when more force is needed in whole-muscle contraction?

<p>Activation of more motor units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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