Questions and Answers
Which lake is located in the Begusarai district?
What are the main environmental challenges faced by the lakes mentioned?
Which lake is noted for its rich flora and fauna?
In which district is Muchilinda Lake located?
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Which statement accurately describes the climate of Bihar?
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What is the primary cause of fish population depletion in the lakes?
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Which lake is located in the Katihar district?
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Which type of pollution significantly affects the lakes mentioned?
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What is the primary purpose of the multipurpose projects in Bihar?
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Which of the following statements about the Son river multipurpose project is incorrect?
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What is unique about the Gandak Multipurpose Project?
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What was established as a result of the Gandak project?
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Which of the following canals does NOT belong to the Son river multipurpose project?
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Which hydropower station has the highest capacity in Bihar's multipurpose projects?
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Which statement accurately describes the irrigation areas of the Eastern Son Canal?
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What year was the agreement for the Gandak Project signed with Nepal?
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What geographic feature affects the rainfall distribution in Bihar?
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Which period does the winter season in Bihar cover?
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Which district in Bihar is noted for being the coldest?
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What climatic influence contributes to the mild winter experienced in western and central Bihar?
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How is soil primarily formed in Bihar?
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Which agricultural impact is associated with extreme cold in Bihar?
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Which of the following statements about rainfall in Bihar is correct?
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What defines soil in general terms?
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Which regions are primarily irrigated by the Tirhut Triveni and Don canal?
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What is the capacity of the hydroelectric station installed under the Koshi Multipurpose Project?
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When was the Koshi project established?
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Which dam is associated with the construction of the reservoir under the Koshi project?
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What is the funding ratio for the Koshi Mechi project between the center and Bihar government?
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What is the origin of the Mechi River?
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Which areas will benefit from the Koshi Mechi link project?
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In what year was the Koshi project completed?
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What is the color of new alluvial (khadar) soil?
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Which type of soil is suitable for paddy, jute, and sugarcane cultivation?
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What deficiency is commonly found in new alluvial (khadar) soil?
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Where is old alluvial soil primarily found?
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Which soil type extends to the Purnia region?
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What is another name for old alluvial soil?
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In which areas is loamy soil predominantly found?
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What feature distinguishes new alluvial (khadar) soil from old alluvial soil?
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Study Notes
Multipurpose Projects in Bihar
- Three multipurpose projects in Bihar focus on flood control, irrigation, water conservation, tourism, and energy generation.
Son River Multipurpose Project
- Oldest river valley project in Bihar, with a dam on the Son river near Barun in Dehri.
- Eastern Son Canal irrigates Aurangabad, Gaya, Jehanabad, Arwal, and Patna.
- Western Son Canal serves Bhojpur, Buxar, Rohtas, and Kaimur.
- Two hydropower stations: Dehri (6.6 MW) and Barun (4.5 MW).
Gandak Multipurpose Project
- A joint initiative between India and Nepal, established under an agreement in 1959.
- Constructed a reservoir near Bhaisa Lotan at the Indo-Nepal border.
- Benefits Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Nepal with canals for irrigation.
- Eastern Canal serves Tirhut, Triveni, and Don, while Western Canal aids Gorakhpur, Deoria, Siwan, and Saran.
- Hydroelectric stations of 15 MW capacity installed on both canals.
Koshi Multipurpose Project
- Initiated as a joint venture between India and Nepal, established in 1953 and completed in 1963.
- Features a reservoir created by the Hanuman Nagar dam in Nepal.
- Two canals: Eastern Canal irrigates Supaul, Araria, and Purnia; Western Koshi Canal benefits Darbhanga, Madhubani, Begusarai, and Samastipur.
Koshi-Mechi Interlink Project
- Directed by the Patna High Court to manage floods by interlinking the Koshi and Mechi rivers.
- Utilizes the Hanuman Nagar barrage for surplus water diversion to the Mahananda basin.
- Aims to provide irrigation benefits to Araria, Kishanganj, Purnia, and Katihar.
- Funding is shared between the central and Bihar governments at a ratio of 60:40.
Lakes of Bihar
- Notable lakes include:
- Kanwar Lake (Begusarai)
- Gogabil Lake (Katihar)
- Kusheshwar Lake (Darbhanga)
- Ghora Katora Lake (Rajgir)
- Anupam Lake (Kaimur)
- Simri Lake (Saharsa)
- Jagatpur Lake (Bhagalpur)
- Moti Lake (Motihari)
- Saraiya Lake (Bettiah)
- Pipra Lake (Motihari)
- Muchilinda Lake in Gaya is where Buddha meditated, known for its cultural significance.
- Environmental challenges include pollution, deforestation, overfishing, and climate change impacts.
Climate of Bihar
- Subtropical/monsoon climate with the majority of rainfall from the Bay of Bengal.
- Northern Bihar is prone to floods, while some southern areas experience drought.
- Winter season lasts from mid-October to February, with Gaya being the coldest district.
- December and January are the coldest months, influenced by temperate cyclones, benefiting Rabi crops.
Soil of Bihar
- Soil is composed of mixed particles from organic and inorganic materials, varying in color and suitability for crops.
- New alluvial (khadar) soil is highly fertile, found in river valleys, with dark brown color, suitable for paddy, wheat, and millet.
- Old alluvial soil develops in areas not frequently flooded, found in Ghaghra-Gandak Doab, known as Balasundari soil.
- Loamy soil, beneficial for litchi cultivation, is located in Saran, Muzaffarpur, and Vaishali regions.
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Description
Explore the multipurpose projects constructed in Bihar aimed at effective water management. This quiz covers key aspects of three significant projects targeting flood control and resource management. Test your knowledge and understanding of these vital initiatives in Bihar's development.
