Multimedia Applications and ATM Networks Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of exercises are assigned on a per student basis?

  • Theoretical and practical exercises
  • Only theoretical exercises
  • Only group projects
  • Theoretical exercises (correct)
  • What is required to pass the classes exercise sessions?

  • Present every solution actively
  • Attend all exercise sessions
  • Submit solutions for all exercises
  • Submit adequate solutions for at least 10 out of 12 exercises (correct)
  • On which day are lectures held?

  • Monday
  • Thursday
  • Wednesday (correct)
  • Tuesday
  • What must students do if they have questions or concerns about the lecture?

    <p>Reach out to the instructors listed on the cover slide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time slot for the exercise sessions?

    <p>10:00 - 11:30 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key components supporting multimedia applications and scenarios?

    <p>A corresponding communication architecture, existing networks, and suitable communication protocols (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are active solutions presented during exercise sessions?

    <p>Randomly when requested while being present (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the lecture and exercise schedule?

    <p>Both the lecture and exercises are on the same day but at different times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of the PTMP architecture in PON systems?

    <p>It may cause extensive service disruptions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many end users can potentially be served by a single OLT in a PTMP architecture?

    <p>Up to 256 users. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the event of an accidental fiber cut, what is a necessary action regarding the sections of the PON?

    <p>Access must be gained from specific endpoints. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one goal of studying ATM networks?

    <p>To comprehend how ATM networks operate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)?

    <p>A residential access technology based on DSL. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the full form of B-ISDN as mentioned in the topics discussed?

    <p>Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What essential aspect related to AAL5 is discussed in the context of access networks?

    <p>Its relevance in today's access networks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following applications is NOT mentioned as a use case for residential access networks?

    <p>Virtual Reality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Passive Optical Networks (PON)?

    <p>Uses unpowered cables and components (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device in a Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) architecture is responsible for converting optical signals into electrical signals?

    <p>OEC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology enables the combination of video, telephone, and Internet services over a single fiber?

    <p>Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a Passive Optical Splitter in a PON?

    <p>Divides bandwidth between multiple user endpoints (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is NOT a benefit of using Passive Optical Networks?

    <p>High ongoing maintenance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of network topology does a PON typically use?

    <p>Point-to-Multipoint topology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a PON, what ensures low operational cost and maintenance needs?

    <p>Passive network elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms refers to the equipment that connects optical signals to a Public Switched Telephony Network (PSTN)?

    <p>OLT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of an Optical Network Terminal (ONT)?

    <p>Interface devices with the Optical Distribution Network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology does multicast optimization in the Access Node use to control flooding of Ethernet multicast frames?

    <p>IGMP snooping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term Fiber-to-the-X (FTTX) refer to?

    <p>Termination of optical fiber at various locations like home, building, or premises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which application is currently the main focus for PON technology?

    <p>Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What new application has PON technology been adapted to support?

    <p>5G fronthaul connections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does PON offer in college campuses and business environments?

    <p>Speed and reliability in connectivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does PON technology contribute to building management in large complexes?

    <p>By allowing integration of multiple campus functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of using PON regarding power consumption?

    <p>Efficient use of power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of PON?

    <p>Enhanced cabling requirements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of PON networks improves efficiency in a 5G context?

    <p>Reduction in fiber count (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the OLT do in a PON network?

    <p>Converts frames and transmits signals for the PON network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is located at the user end of a PON network?

    <p>ONU (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common drawback of using optical splitters in a PON network?

    <p>Difficulties in locating problems in the network (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the attenuation of a 1:4 splitter in a PON network?

    <p>6 dB (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is effectively interchangeable with ONT based on service and standards?

    <p>ONU (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does dust and dirt have on optical splitters?

    <p>They increase Return Loss (RL) and Insertion Loss (IL) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a splitter ratio of 1:32 imply in a PON network?

    <p>32 users share a single feeder fiber (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using optical splitters in a PON network?

    <p>They are cost-effective and power-free (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Power attenuation' refer to in optical splitters?

    <p>The measure of power loss during transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of splitter is defined as utilizing Planar Lightwave Circuit technology?

    <p>PLC Splitter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Theoretical Exercises

    Interactive exercises designed to reinforce learning by applying lecture concepts in a paper-based format.

    Exercise Session Rules

    A set of rules outlining the requirements for successful participation in exercise sessions by meeting attendance and submission criteria.

    Key Question of the Lecture

    A key question that guides the entire lecture and explores the interplay between multimedia applications, communication architectures, network infrastructure, and protocols.

    Multimedia Application

    A multimedia application is a software application that utilizes various media types like graphics, audio, and video to enhance user experience and engagement.

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    Communication Architecture

    A communication architecture defines the structure, components, and interactions within a communication system.

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    Network Infrastructure

    Network infrastructure consists of the physical and logical components that connect devices and facilitate communication.

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    Communication Protocols

    Communication protocols define the rules and standards for exchanging data between devices on a network.

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    Scenarios

    Scenarios represent situations where communication architecture, network infrastructure, and protocols interact to support demanding multimedia applications.

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    ADSL limitations

    Broadband access networks reaching their limits in terms of data rates or distances.

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    Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH)

    A technology using fiber optics to deliver high-speed internet, phone, and cable TV over a single fiber connection to each home.

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    Passive Optical Network (PON)

    A network where signals are transmitted and received using fiber optic cables, with passive splitters distributing the bandwidth to multiple users.

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    Optical Line Terminal (OLT)

    A device located in the central office that transmits optical signals to multiple users over the PON network.

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    Optical Network Terminal (ONT) or Optical Network Unit (ONU)

    A device located at the user's premises that converts optical signals to electrical signals, enabling access to internet and services.

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    Optical Distribution Network (ODN)

    The infrastructure that connects the OLT to the ONTs/ONUs and includes fiber cables, splitters, and other passive components.

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    Passive Optical Splitter (POS)

    A passive device that splits the optical signal from the OLT to multiple ONTs/ONUs, enabling multiple users to share the bandwidth.

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    Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)

    A technology that combines multiple data signals onto a single fiber using different wavelengths, enabling efficient transmission of various services.

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    IPTV (Internet Protocol Television)

    A system for delivering television programming directly to subscribers over a high-speed internet connection.

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    Network Churn

    The flexibility of the FTTH network architecture to adapt to changes in customer needs and demand.

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    OLT (Optical Line Terminal)

    A core network device in a PON architecture. It connects to a core switch through Ethernet pluggables and converts frames for transmission.

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    ONT (Optical Network Terminal) or ONU (Optical Network Unit)

    A user-side device connected to the PON, receiving signals from the OLT and providing internet access.

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    Optical Splitter

    A device that splits the optical signal from the OLT to multiple ONTs or ONUs.

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    PLC Splitter

    A type of optical splitter using Planar Lightwave Circuit technology, which splits a single optical signal into multiple signals with minimal loss.

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    Splitter Ratio

    The ratio at which an optical splitter divides the optical signal from the OLT.

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    Attenuation

    The loss of signal strength that occurs as an optical signal travels through an optical splitter.

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    Decibel (dB)

    A unit used to express the ratio of two power levels, often used for measuring signal strength.

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    Return Loss (RL)

    A measure of how much light is reflected back towards the source, caused by mismatches in the optical path.

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    Insertion Loss (IL)

    A measure of the amount of light that is lost as it travels through a fiber optic cable or device.

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    Macro-bend

    A specific type of bend in an optical fiber that can cause signal loss, usually caused by excessive pressure on the fiber.

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    Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

    A technique used in telecommunications that divides data into fixed-size units called cells.

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    Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)

    A broadband data transmission technology that uses existing telephone lines to provide high-speed internet access.

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    ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL)

    A layer in the ATM architecture responsible for adapting data from different protocols to the ATM layer.

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    ATM network

    A network that uses ATM technology to transport data packets.

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    ATM switching

    The process by which ATM switches connect different ATM connections to route data packets.

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    ATM signaling

    A communication protocol used to establish and control ATM connections.

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    Segment and Reassembly (SAR)

    A technique used in ATM networks to ensure that data is delivered in the correct order. It segments data into fixed-size cells that are individually addressed.

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    Last Mile

    The portion of the network between a service provider and the end-user, often referred to as the "last mile."

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    Fiber-to-the-X (FTTX)

    The point where the fiber optic cable terminates, which can be in homes, buildings, or premises.

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    Fiber-to-the-Building (FTTB)

    Fiber optic cable termination within a building, typically for multi-dwelling units.

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    Fiber-to-the-Premise (FTTP)

    Fiber optic cable termination within a premise, such as a business.

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    IGMP Snooping

    A protocol used to manage multicast traffic within PON networks, reducing unnecessary data flooding.

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    Multicast GEM Port

    A specific virtual port within a PON network used to transport multicast traffic to all subscribers.

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    5G Fronthaul

    The link between a baseband controller and a remote radio head in a cellular network, typically using fiber optic cables.

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    PON for 5G Fronthaul

    Using PON technology to create high-bandwidth, low-latency connections between baseband controllers and remote radio heads in 5G networks, improving signal transmission efficiency and reducing fiber count.

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    Study Notes

    Fall Term 2024, Department of Informatics Ifl, University of Zürich UZH, Switzerland

    • Protocols for Multimedia Communications (Protokolle für Multimediakommunikation, PMMK) course
    • Taught by Prof. Dr. Burkhard Stiller, Communication Systems Group (CSG)
    • Contact information for instructor and assistants provided

    Multimedia Protocols and Protocols

    • IETF multimedia protocols are used to bridge physical distances to meet application requirements
    • Networks offer service offerings
    • Protocols extend services
    • Protocols are internet-based
    • Various protocols are listed in diagram, including signaling (e.g., SAP, SDP, MGCP), media transport (e.g., H.261, MPEG), and other (e.g DHCP, H.323, SIP, RTSP, RSVP, RTCP, LDAP, DNS, RTP, TCP, UDP, CIP, MIP, IDMP, MIPv6, MIP-LR, IPv4, IPv6, IP multicast, ICMP, IGMP, PPP, AAL3/4, AAL5, SONET, ATM, 802.11b, Ethernet, PPP, CDMA 1XRTT/GPRS, XMB)

    Lecture Outline (Plan)

    • Chapter 1: Telecommunications
    • Chapter 2: High Speed Networks (HSN)
    • Chapter 3: High-speed Optical Networks
    • Chapter 4: Passive Optical Networks
    • Chapter 5: ATM and ADSL
    • Chapter 6: IP Technology and MPLS
    • Chapter 7: QoS Basics and Modeling
    • Chapter 8: QoS Methods
    • Chapter 9: (QoS) Monitoring
    • Chapter 10: Operations Management
    • Chapter 11: Transport Protocols
    • Chapter 12: Optimized Transport
    • Chapter 13: Software-defined Networks (SDN)
    • Chapter 14: Messaging and Overlays

    Overview of Lecture (Chapter Dependency)

    • Chapter dependency diagram, showing relationships between chapters
    • Chapter 1 is the foundation, followed by chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.
    • Key topics and concepts in the required order to understand the multimedia communications overview

    Teaching Aids

    • List of recommended sources for detailed studies
    • Including IEEE Network Magazine, ACM Computer Communication Review, Computer Communications, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Computer, Computer Networks, IEEE Infocom, IEEE Globecom, ITU-T Recommendations, ISO Standards, and RFCs
    • URLs are included for each

    Basics and Background Information (Textbooks)

    • List of books, including author, title, year, and ISBN number
    • Each supports the study of multimedia networking topics

    Exercises, Organizational Issues, On-line Information

    • Overview of exercises (paper-based, on per-student basis)
    • Submit solutions by the deadlines, attend sessions
    • Access URLs for detailed schedules and exercise info
    • Contact info for instructor and assistants are readily available

    Key Question of the Lecture

    • The key question of the lecture is how multimedia applications are supported and operated in communication architectures, networks, and suitable communication protocols.
    • Relevant chapters (1-14) cover the aspects of this question's facets

    Chapter 1: Telecommunications

    • Overview of communications
    • Content of transmission medias
    • Basic definitions like information, data, and messages and their descriptions, examples, and relationships
    • Inventions in telecommunications with corresponding years and bandwidth comparisons in a chart format
    • Transmission media and their characteristics as in a diagram including copper and fiber media, with attenuation on frequency comparison
    • Classification of applications types, including well known types like traditional formats, video/audio, and distributed or demanding applications, like digital applications, gaming, and VR.
    • Classification of data, with continuous and discrete types, including audio, video, animation, still images, text, and graphics

    Other Chapters

    • Detailed information about the technical methods in each chapter, like various protocols, processes, standards, etc., are present

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    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz focuses on multimedia applications, exercise sessions, and key concepts in ATM networks. It explores topics such as the PTMP architecture in PON systems, exercise schedules, and essential aspects of AAL5. Test your understanding with a mix of theoretical and practical questions.

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