Ch. 2 Multidomain Operations and Intelligence

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Questions and Answers

What does "AD" stand for in the text?

Air Defense

Area Defense

Area Denial (correct)

Air Denial

In which domain do the land and maritime domains overlap?

Littoral (correct)

Air

Cyber

Space

What is the primary focus of the intelligence considerations listed in the text regarding the maritime domain?

Identifying potential threats and vulnerabilities (correct)

Understanding the capabilities of maritime forces

Improving coordination between maritime forces

Developing strategies for maritime security

What is one of the key advantages of maritime capabilities?

Rapid deployment over long distances (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym "CBRNE" stand for?

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential threat capability in the maritime domain?

Cyberattacks (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of "JP 3-32" as cited in the text?

Defining the boundaries of the maritime domain (D) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, what is the significance of the "littoral" in the maritime domain?

It is the area where the land and maritime domains overlap (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym 'SEAD' stand for?

Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of the U.S. Space Command?

Planning and executing operations, activities, and missions in the space domain. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where does the space domain begin?

At the altitude where atmospheric effects on airborne objects become negligible (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the text's stated purpose for Army rotary-wing aviation using terrain for protection?

To avoid detection by enemy aircraft. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a function of Army aviation?

Operating commercial air traffic (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consideration for the space domain?

Commercial airfields (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Army aviation's support for SEAD and joint SEAD?

To suppress enemy air defenses (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of utilizing operational variables when analyzing an operational environment?

To understand how the land domain interacts with other domains and influences capabilities. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do commanders use the mission variables in relation to the operational variables?

To refine their understanding of the situation and make informed decisions about their actions. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the six mission variables that have been traditionally used in military planning and operations?

Mission, Enemy, Terrain, Weather, Time, Civil Considerations (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why has the 'I' been added to the METT-TC mnemonic for the mission variables?

To represent the growing influence of information in modern military operations. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'informational considerations' encompass?

The ways in which humans and automated systems process and act upon information. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of collecting and analyzing information from the domains and dimensions of the operational environment?

To inform the operational and mission variables and provide context for decision-making. (D) Signup and view all the answers

At what level does the analysis and understanding of the operational environment take place?

Across all echelons, from the highest joint level to the lowest tactical units. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the operational and mission variables?

To provide a framework for leaders to understand and respond to the operational environment. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actors can influence perceptions, decision making, and behaviors using information, according to the provided content?

Friendly, enemy, adversary, and neutral actors (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key to effectively employing information?

The audience, message, and method of delivery. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can significantly and negatively affect emotions, perceptions, decision making, and behaviors?

Misinformation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is an information advantage?

The operational benefit derived from effective use of information. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that the information dimension often affects?

Environmental conditions (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a critical component of intelligence support to operations within the information dimension?

Environmental analysis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an intelligence discipline relevant to the information dimension?

Open source intelligence (OSINT) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can make it challenging to understand and exploit the information dimension for intelligence purposes?

The impossibility of isolating the information dimension from the human and physical dimensions (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used to overcome uncertainty in decision-making, according to the text?

Utilizing operational art (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as a key intangible influencing the outcome of operations?

Having a strong military budget (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contribution of Army forces to conventional deterrence?

Demonstrating their capacity, capability, and willingness to engage in war (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does effective intelligence support assist the Army in its operations?

Addressing the challenges and complexities of diverse operational environments (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective way for the Army to overcome intelligence challenges and gaps?

Combining effective staff integration, commander ownership, and adaptive information collection (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do Army forces contribute to making other instruments of national power more effective?

By providing credible combat forces with lethal capabilities (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of multidomain operations, as mentioned in the text?

Combined arms and the integration of different domains (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of operation mentioned in the text that requires intelligence support?

Economic sanctions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between an 'enemy' and an 'adversary' in the context of military doctrine?

An enemy is a party identified as hostile against which the use of force is authorized, while an adversary is a party acknowledged as potentially hostile. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How are intelligence units from INSCOM involved in joint force efforts?

They provide warning intelligence to track adversary actions and changing conditions in various theaters of operation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a 'peer threat' in the context of military doctrine?

A peer threat is a military force with capabilities comparable to those of U.S. forces. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What role does intelligence play in addressing hazards during military operations?

Intelligence provides information on potential hazards, allowing commanders to plan accordingly. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of intelligence units at the corps and maneuver battalion levels?

To support the planning and execution of future operations. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are hybrid threats characterized?

They involve a combination of conventional and unconventional actors. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of cultural affinity for peer threats?

It facilitates their ability to influence local populations. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of hazards in military operations?

Hazards are always a direct threat to the success of a military operation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Multidomain Operations and Intelligence

Multidomain operations are a crucial concept for intelligence professionals, as presented in FM 3-0.
Army operations are viewed within a joint strategic context, highlighting challenges and strategic environments, including peer threats.
Understanding the operational environment (OE) is essential to supporting Army units' specific missions.
Key operational concepts include Army operations, multidomain operations, large-scale combat operations, combined arms, and combat power.
Peer threats employ various methods like preclusion, isolation, information warfare, and sanctuary systems warfare.
The U.S. joint force handles these threats using unified action, with the Army's contribution through multidomain operations.
Multidomain operations span five domains (land, maritime, air, space, and cyberspace) and three dimensions (physical, information, and human).

Army Strategic Challenges

The joint force discourages adversaries from direct confrontation, leading to indirect aggression through malign activities.
Adversaries seek to avoid direct conflict with the U.S. using various strategies, including subversive tactics, establishing physical presence, coercive economics, supporting proxy forces, and spreading misinformation.
However, adversaries may engage in armed conflict under certain conditions.
Adversaries use all instruments of national power, including network-enabled sensors and long-range fires, to diminish access and challenge friendly forces. This includes counteracting U.S. space, air, and naval advantages.
These actions increase the risk of U.S. military response, but the threshold for provoking a military response is an important consideration.

Intelligence (Multidomain and Multidimension)

Army intelligence activities consider various domains and dimensions, including information collection, analysis, and production.
Army intelligence tasks encompass pre-mission analysis, intelligence preparation of the operational environment (IPOE), situation development, and targeting support.
These tasks align with the doctrinal concepts in FM 2-0, encompassing all domains and dimensions.

Strategic Environment

The central challenge to U.S. security is great power competition with China and Russia.
China aims to reshape the Indo-Pacific region through aggressive military modernization and the Belt and Road Initiative.
Russia exerts influence in its near abroad, including conflicts and economic manipulation.
Other states, like North Korea and Iran, pose additional threats with varying capabilities and goals.
Nonstate actors also threaten the strategic environment with increasingly sophisticated capabilities.

Threat Methods

Peer threats utilize methods beyond direct conflict, including information warfare, systems warfare, preclusion, area denial, and isolation.
They employ information warfare through orchestrated use of various tools like (EW, cyberspace operations, and psychological operations).
Systems warfare targets critical subsystems or components to degrade an opponent's system.
Preclusion and area denial actions prevent enemy force access to operational areas.
Isolation separates forces from support and limits freedom of action.
Sanctuary aims to protect critical capabilities from attack, possibly in multiple domains.

Army Strategic Contexts

The strategic environment is described as a competition continuum, with cooperation, competition below armed conflict, and armed conflict as key stages.
Army operations frequently occur within a defined strategic context.

Operational Environment

The operational environment (OE) comprises conditions, circumstances, and influences affecting operations, encompassing the five domains (land, maritime, air, space, and cyberspace) and three dimensions.
This framework enables a holistic view of the operational setting for Commanders and staffs.

Operational and Mission Variables

Operational variables (political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time) and mission variables (mission, enemy, terrain, and weather, troops and support available, time available, and civil considerations) are critical for situational understanding.

Multidomain Task Force

The Multidomain Task Force (MDTF) is a brigade-sized task force to synchronize and employ cross-domain fires for neutralizing adversary A2/AD strategies within joint force operations.

Warfighting Functions

Warfighting functions, including intelligence, movement and maneuver, fires, protection, and sustainment, provide the essential elements for generating combat power.

Tenets of Operations

The tenets of operations, including agility, convergence, endurance, and depth, guide operations and decision-making processes, ensuring success in achieving objectives.

Imperatives of Operations

Imperatives, which involve seeing the enemy and the OE, creating and exploiting advantages, making initial contact, imposing dilemmas, and consolidating gains, form necessary criteria for success. Units constantly review and modify their approaches to maintain an effective position of relative advantage.

Operational Approach and Operational Framework

The operational approach describes how tactical tasks achieve overall objectives; the framework visually organizes operations across domains.
The operational framework is broken into three elements and includes the assigned operational area, extended deep area, and strategic support area.

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Description

Explore the key concepts of multidomain operations as outlined in FM 3-0. This quiz covers essential aspects of Army operations in the context of joint strategic challenges and peer threats. Test your understanding of how various domains and dimensions impact military strategies and operations.