10 Questions
What is the primary reason for the complexity of current infrastructure landscapes?
The history of application implementation projects
What is a characteristic of agile adaptations in IT infrastructure?
Solid, scalable, and modular architecture
According to Wikipedia, what are the typical components of an IT infrastructure?
Physical components, software, and network components
What is the primary focus of IT infrastructure design?
Controlling the infrastructure during its entire lifecycle
What is the key benefit of a modular architecture in IT infrastructure?
Enabling agile adaptations and scalability
What is the primary difference between IT infrastructure and IT services?
IT infrastructure includes all of the IT components, but excludes people, processes, and documentation
What is the primary driver of increasing complexity in IT infrastructure?
The history of application implementation projects
What is the definition of IT infrastructure according to ITILv3?
All of the hardware, software, networks, facilities, etc. required for IT services
What is the primary benefit of a solid IT infrastructure architecture?
Controlling the infrastructure during its entire lifecycle
What is the key characteristic of modern IT infrastructure?
Complexity due to the history of application implementation projects
Study Notes
Multi-Tier Applications
- A multi-tier application consists of multiple layers, such as a JavaScript application in a browser, an on-premises web server, an application server, and a database.
- These layers communicate with each other, enabling interactive applications to respond to user actions, such as mouse clicks, within 100-300 ms.
Timeliness in Applications
- Interactive applications respond to user actions within 100-300 ms.
- Real-time systems, such as SCADA systems, respond in less than 10 ms and are used in critical environments like manufacturing and logistics.
- Batch-based systems process data for hours at a time.
Application Platform Building Block
- The application platform building block consists of:
- Application servers (e.g., Java or .NET application servers, IBM WebSphere, Apache Tomcat, Red Hat JBoss)
- Container platforms (e.g., Kubernetes, Azure Container Instances, Amazon Elastic Container Service)
- Connectivity (e.g., Enterprise Service Buses like Microsoft BizTalk, TIBCO Service Bus, IBM MQ, SAP NetWeaver PI)
- Databases (e.g., Oracle RDBMS, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MySQL, Apache CouchDB, MongoDB)
- Front-end servers provide end users with interactions to applications.
- Application servers act as containers running the actual application.
Infrastructure Building Blocks
- Infrastructure building blocks comprise:
- End User Devices (e.g., PCs, laptops, thin clients, mobile devices, printers)
- Operating Systems (e.g., collections of programs that manage a computer’s internal workings)
- Compute (e.g., physical and virtual computers in the datacenter)
- Storage (e.g., hard disks, tapes, Direct Attached Storage, Network Attached Storage, Storage Area Networks)
- Networking (e.g., routers, switches, firewalls, WAN, LAN, Internet access, VPNs)
- Datacenters (e.g., locations hosting IT infrastructure hardware)
- Infrastructure building blocks are not necessarily hierarchically related.
Infrastructure Management
- Infrastructure management involves processes like ITIL, COBIT, and DevOps.
- Tools are used for monitoring, backup, logging, and other infrastructure services.
- DNS, DHCP, and time services are also part of infrastructure management.
Test your understanding of multi-tier application architecture, including interactive applications and real-time systems. Learn about the layers involved in communication and the response times required for user interactions.
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