Mughal History Quiz

The first Mughal Emperor, known for his military achievements and introduction of gunpowder warfare in India. He won several key battles, including the Battle of Panipat.

The Battle of Panipat in 1526 marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire in India. Babur's forces defeated Ibrahim Lodhi, the last ruler of the Lodi dynasty.

The Battle of Khanwa in 1527, where Babur defeated Rana Sanga, a powerful Rajput ruler. This solidified the Mughal foothold in India.

Babur's autobiography 'Tuzuk-i-Baburi' or 'Baburnama' was written in Turkish, offering valuable insights into his life and reign. It helps understand his military strategies and personal experiences.

Humayun, Babur's son, faced challenges throughout his reign, including battles against Sher Shah Suri. He temporarily lost the Mughal throne to Sher Shah Suri, only to regain it later.

Humayun famously died by falling down the stairs of his library in Delhi in 1556.

Sher Shah Suri, an Afghan ruler, defeated Humayun twice, in the battles of Chausa and Kannauj. He became the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.

Humayun's tomb, built by his wife Hameeda Bano Begum, is a remarkable architectural marvel and represents a beautiful tribute to the Mughal Emperor.

Sher Shah Suri's land revenue system, where farmers paid 1/3rd of their produce as tax to the king.

Sher Shah Suri established a standardized system of weights and measurements across his empire for uniformity and fair trade.

Sher Shah Suri introduced the first standardized silver and copper coins in India, called 'rupiya' and 'dam' respectively, which were used for trade and transactions.

Sher Shah Suri's military achievements include the capture of Chunar Fort, a strategically important fort in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Sher Shah Suri implemented a structured judicial system that ensured justice for the people, referred to as the 'Muqadma' system.

Sher Shah Suri introduced Patta and Qabuliyat, written agreements between the government and the peasants, finalizing landholding and its associated taxes. This system brought the peasants closer to the state and reduced the influence of landholding Jagirdars.

Sher Shah Suri categorized land into three categories based on its fertility: good, middle, and bad. This allowed for differentiated land taxes, ensuring fairness in tax collection.

Sher Shah Suri extended the Grand Trunk Road (GT Road) from Chittagong to Kabul, making it a vital trade route and connecting many cities under his rule.

Akbar's land revenue system that aimed to fairly assess land revenue based on actual produce, using a 10-year average to account for fluctuations.

A method to categorize land based on its cultivation frequency: Polaj for yearly cultivation, Parati for one year fallow, Chachar for 2-3 years fallow, and Banjar for longer fallow periods.

Akbar's practice of giving loans (Taccavi) to peasants for seeds, tools, and animals to aid in agriculture.

A method to calculate land revenue by averaging the produce over a 10-year period, ensuring a fair and stable system.

Akbar's system where land revenue was considered "renumeration of sovereignty" instead of rent, signifying the Mughal emperor's control over the land.

A title reflecting the rank of a Mansabdar (official) based on the number of soldiers he had to maintain.

The number of horsemen or cavalry a Mansabdar was required to maintain under the Mansabdari system.

Akbar's attempt to create a new universal religion based on Sufi teachings.

Akbar's council of nine advisors, each renowned in their field, who contributed to his governance and cultural advancements.

Akbar's reign saw the development of a unique and distinct style of Indian music that blended Persian and Indian influences. Tansen, a legendary musician from the court, is credited with composing a prominent raga in honor of Akbar: Raga Rajdarbari.

During Jahangir's reign, this prominent Mughal art form reached new heights. Artists like Ustad Mansurr and Abul Hassan were renowned for their intricate and detailed paintings.

Jahangir's autobiography, offering insights into his life, reign, and personal experiences. It provides a valuable historical account from the emperor's perspective.

Shah Jahan's reign is remembered for its architectural wonders, particularly the Taj Mahal, which became an iconic monument of love and Mughal architecture.

The Taj Mahal, a testament to Mughal architectural brilliance, was built by Shah Jahan as a mausoleum for his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal.

Aurangzeb's reign saw a controversial decree reintroducing a tax on non-Muslims. This move was seen as an attempt to strengthen Islamic rule and generate revenue.

Aurangzeb's most prominent title, which signifies his claim to be a universal ruler or a "world conqueror."

The Bahmani Kingdom was established in the Deccan region of India by Bahman Shah after many people stayed in Deccan when Muhammad bin Tughlaq shifted his capital to Daulatabad.

Ferozeshah Bahman, a significant sultan of the Bahmani Kingdom, was multilingual, established an observatory at Daulatabad, and married the daughter of Deva Raya I, demonstrating his focus on learning and diplomacy.

Ahmad Shah Wali, another notable Bahmani sultan, was a Sufi saint who followed the Chisti Silsila. He shifted the capital of the Bahmani Kingdom from Gulbarga to Bidar in 1425 AD.

Ahmad Shah Wali shifted the capital from Gulbarga to Bidar in 1425 AD. Bidar's strategic location made it a central hub for the Bahmani Kingdom, and it served as a bridge between three major linguistic areas: Marathi, Kannada, and Telugu.

Mahmud Gawan, a prominent Wazir of Mohd Shah II, played a crucial role in the Bahmani Kingdom. He divided the empire into eight provinces, demonstrating his administrative skills. His death in 1482 marked a turning point.

The Bahmani Kingdom eventually fractured into several smaller kingdoms due to internal conflicts and a power struggle with the Vijayanagar Empire. This fragmentation marked the decline of the Bahmani Kingdom.

The society of the Bahmani Kingdom reflected a complex social and religious fabric. Brahmins held significant influence, education was mainly accessible to upper castes and males, and temples served as important centers of worship.

Women in the Bahmani Kingdom enjoyed greater freedom compared to later periods. Polygamy was prevalent, sati was practiced, and child marriage was not common. The absence of a purdah system suggests women's greater social mobility.

A system of land grants in medieval India, where officials called Jagirdars were given land in exchange for military and administrative services. They collected revenue for the king, but did not own the land.

A system of land ownership in medieval India, where Zamindars were hereditary land owners who collected taxes from peasants on behalf of the emperor. They had a claim to a share of the peasant's produce.

A system of service and rank introduced by Mughal Emperor Akbar. Individuals were awarded a Mansab (rank) based on their skills, which determined their salary, status, and number of soldiers they were required to maintain. This could be a combined civil and military appointment.

A major military victory for the Bahmani Sultanate, which eventually led to the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire. This battle helped establish the Bahmani Sultanate as a dominant power in the Deccan.

A Persian-influenced form of Hindustani language, which was popular in the Deccan during the rule of the Bahmani Sultanate. This language was instrumental in the growth of Indo-Persian literature.

A masterpiece of the Adil Shahi kings in Bijapur, known for its impressive dome, which is the second-largest in the world. This structure is a testament to the architectural achievements of the Bahmani Sultanate.

One of the prominent rulers of the Qutub Shahi dynasty, known for his poetry and the compilation of Diwan-e-QutubShahi, a collection of his poems. He was an influential figure promoting Persian culture and literature.

A collection of poems written by Quli Qutub Shah, highlighting his literary skills and contributions to the Persian tradition. This collection is a significant piece of literature from the Bahmani period.