Mucosa of the Small Intestine Epithelium

What is the primary function of mucinogen produced by goblet cells?

To form a protective coating of the epithelial lining of the lumen (correct)
To regulate the movement of DNES cells in the epithelium
To facilitate the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine
To increase the surface area of the epithelial lining

What is the characteristic feature of the apical region of goblet cells?

Presence of nucleus and other organelles
High concentration of DNES cells
Accumulation of mucinogen in membrane-bound granules (correct)
Increased surface area for absorption

Which type of cells are responsible for absorption in the small intestine?

DNES cells
Goblet cells
Enterocytes (correct)
Stem cells

What is the direction of the increase in number of goblet cells in the small intestine?

From the duodenum to the ileum (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the hydration of mucinogen released by goblet cells?

Conversion of mucinogen to mucin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are located in the basal half of the crypts of Lieberkühn?

Columnar stem cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle layer participates in the formation of the ileocecal sphincter?

Inner circular muscle layer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue is found in the Submucosa?

Fibroelastic connective tissue (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone enhances epithelial cell division and inhibits gastric HCl production?

Urogastrone (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors are present in DNES cells?

G protein-linked taste receptors (A) Signup and view all the answers

What covers the remainder of the duodenum?

Adventitia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the taste cells in the gastrointestinal tract?

To signal the release of insulin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of enteroendocrine cells?

Spherical nuclei and clear cytoplasm (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are present in the Lamina Propria of the small intestine?

Lymphoid cells, fibroblasts, mast cells, smooth muscle cells, and nerve endings (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lacteals in the small intestine?

To drain lymphatic fluid from the villi (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glycocalyx in surface absorptive cells?

To bind various enzymes, including disaccharidases and dipeptidases (C) Signup and view all the answers

In enterocytes, where do the small lipid droplets accumulate during lipid absorption?

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pancreatic lipase and bile in the digestion of fats?

To facilitate the digestion of fats (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the lipid droplets in enterocytes?

They are moved laterally and cross the cell membrane to the extracellular space (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where do the lipid droplets ultimately end up after being released from enterocytes?

In the lymphatic capillaries (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the surface absorptive cells in the colon epithelium?

Presence of short microvilli (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the active transport of sodium from the basolateral surfaces in the colon?

Passive transport of water (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the crypts of Lieberkiihn in the colon?

Lack of Paneth cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the goblet cells in the colon epithelium?

Secretion of mucus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the interdigitating leaflets of cell membrane in the colon epithelium?

Sign of passive water transport (C) Signup and view all the answers