M.Sc. Chemistry Semester II Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What technique is used for the determination of the strengths of strong and weak acids in a mixture?

  • Potentiometry/pH metry (correct)
  • Chromatography
  • Refractometry
  • Spectrophotometry
  • Which of the following is NOT a topic covered under Potentiometry/pH metry?

  • Determination of strengths of halides in a mixture
  • Determination of temperature dependence of EMF of a cell
  • Measurement of vapor pressures (correct)
  • Acid-base titration in a non aqueous media
  • Which book is specifically suggested for techniques in organic chemistry?

  • Vogel's Textbook of Quantitative Analysis
  • Synthesis and Characterization of Inorganic Compounds
  • Experimental Physical Chemistry
  • Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments (correct)
  • In refractometry, what is determined in addition to the refractive indices?

    <p>Specific refractions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of determining the formation constant of silver-ammonia complex using potentiometry?

    <p>To understand complex stoichiometry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total maximum mark for the M.Sc. Chemistry semester II course?

    <p>600 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following units discusses electronic spectral studies for transition metal complexes?

    <p>Unit - I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which unit are the properties of metal carbonyls discussed?

    <p>Unit - III (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter is used in calculating the electronic transitions in transition metal complexes?

    <p>10Dq (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of complex does the concept of metallic clusters apply to?

    <p>Higher boranes and metalloboranes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phenomenon is associated with optical rotatory dispersion?

    <p>Circular birefringence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon describes the production of entropy in a non-equilibrium state?

    <p>Entropy production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tertiary phosphine in transition metal complexes?

    <p>It serves as a ligand. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory explains the rate of unimolecular reactions?

    <p>Lindemann Hinshelwood theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation is crucial for describing the relationship between fluxes and forces in non-equilibrium thermodynamics?

    <p>Onsager's reciprocity relations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following effects is NOT related to circular dichroism?

    <p>Planck effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Butler-Volmer equation relate to in electrochemistry?

    <p>Current density at electrodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors affects the critical micellar concentration (CMC) of surfactants?

    <p>pH level (A), Temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is related to the quantization of charge transfer at electrode-solution interfaces?

    <p>Tunneling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which macromolecules are formed during polymerization?

    <p>Both A and B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the BET equation estimate in surface chemistry?

    <p>Surface area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor that influences the chemical shift in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy?

    <p>Solvent polarity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the activated complex in reaction kinetics?

    <p>The transition state of a reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of nuclear magnetic resonance, what does the term 'deshielding' refer to?

    <p>Increase in chemical shift (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model addresses ion-solvent interactions in electrochemistry?

    <p>Debye-Hückel-Onsager treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors primarily controls the kinetics of enzyme reactions?

    <p>Concentration of substrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Gibbs adsorption isotherm relate to in surface chemistry?

    <p>Adsorption on surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of FT NMR in spectroscopy?

    <p>Frequency resolution improvement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the removal of an atom or group from a molecule, particularly in the context of elimination reactions?

    <p>Leaving group departure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique is primarily used for the separation and identification of cations and anions?

    <p>Column Chromatography (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is a preparation involved in inorganic complex synthesis?

    <p>K3[Cr(SCN)6].4H2O (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reaction is associated with organic synthesis in the provided content?

    <p>Cannizaro's reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle behind Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy?

    <p>Zero field splitting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of analysis helps determine the percentage of hydroxyl groups in organic compounds?

    <p>Acetylation Method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is associated with analyzing the structure of crystals using X-ray diffraction?

    <p>Laue method (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound's solubility product can be determined conductometrically?

    <p>BaSO4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily affects the 'g' value in Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy?

    <p>Molecular symmetry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In polarimetry, what is determined during the inversion of sucrose?

    <p>Rate constant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In X-ray diffraction, what does the Bragg condition relate to?

    <p>Crystal lattice spacing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT mentioned for estimating the saponification value, iodine value, and acid values of oils or fats?

    <p>Gas Chromatography (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the designated experiment/exercise from Section A in Physical Chemistry?

    <p>Saponification kinetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What measurement technique is used in low energy electron diffraction?

    <p>Surface structure elucidation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of Miller indices in X-ray diffraction?

    <p>Identifying specific crystal planes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to identify unit cells from systematic absences in the diffraction pattern?

    <p>Debye Scherer method (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best characterizes the relationship described by Mc Connell's relationship in electron spin resonance?

    <p>Relationship between spin densities and hyperfine coupling constants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Electronic Spectral Studies

    A method used to study the electronic transitions within transition metal complexes. It involves analyzing the absorption and emission of light in the visible and ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

    Tanabe-Sugano Diagrams

    Diagrams used to visualize the energy levels of d-orbitals in transition metal complexes. They help predict the electronic transitions observed in the spectra.

    10Dq (Ligand Field Splitting Parameter)

    A measure of the energy difference between the ground state and the first excited state of a transition metal complex. It is a key parameter in electronic spectral studies.

    Ligand Field Strength

    A measure of the strength of the ligand field surrounding a metal ion. It reflects the extent to which ligands influence the energy levels of the d-orbitals.

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    Selection Rules

    Specific rules that determine which electronic transitions are allowed or forbidden in electronic spectroscopy. They help predict the observed spectral bands.

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    Charge Transfer Spectra

    A type of electronic transition where an electron moves from a metal-centered d-orbital to a ligand-centered orbital. It often occurs in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum.

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    Metal Carbonyls

    Compounds that contain metal atoms bonded to CO (carbon monoxide) molecules.

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    Metal π-Complexes

    Complexes that involve ligands with π-acceptor orbitals, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen, and phosphines.

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    Chemical Kinetics

    The study of reaction rates, mechanisms, and factors that influence them.

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    Reaction Mechanism

    A set of steps that a reaction takes to proceed from reactants to products.

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    Collision Theory

    A model that explains reaction rates based on collisions between molecules with sufficient energy.

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    Activation Energy

    The minimum energy required for molecules to react, forming an unstable intermediate.

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    Activated Complex

    A hypothetical species formed during a reaction, with an unstable intermediate state.

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    Arrhenius Equation

    A mathematical equation that relates reaction rate to temperature and activation energy.

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    Kinetic Salt Effect

    The effect of a reaction rate caused by the presence of ions in solution.

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    Flow Method

    A technique used to study fast reactions by quickly mixing reactants and observing changes.

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    Potentiometry

    A technique used to measure the electrical potential difference between two electrodes in a solution, providing information about the concentration of ions or the activity of a specific ion.

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    pH metry

    A specific type of potentiometry that focuses on measuring the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of a solution.

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    Temperature dependence of EMF

    The change in the electromotive force (EMF) of a cell as the temperature changes.

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    Formation constant of a complex

    A measure of the tendency of a metal ion to form a complex with a ligand. It tells us how strongly the metal ion binds to the ligand.

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    Refractometry

    The study of the refractive index of a substance, which is a measure of how light bends when passing through it.

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    Quadrupole Nucleus

    A nucleus with a non-zero spin value that has an asymmetric charge distribution, resulting in a non-spherical shape.

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    Quadrupole Moment

    A measure of the deviation of a nucleus's charge distribution from a perfect sphere.

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    Electric Field Gradient (EFG)

    The distribution of electric fields around a nucleus. It's influenced by nearby charges and molecular structure.

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    Coupling Constant

    A measure of the interaction strength between the quadrupole moment of a nucleus and the electric field gradient. It reflects the coupling between the nucleus and its environment.

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    Quadrupole Splitting

    The splitting of energy levels due to the interaction between a quadrupole nucleus and the electric field gradient.

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    Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) Spectroscopy

    A spectroscopic technique that uses radiofrequency waves to study the interaction between quadrupole nuclei and electric field gradients.

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    Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Spectroscopy

    A type of spectroscopy that uses the absorption of microwave radiation to study the interaction of unpaired electron spins with an external magnetic field.

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    ‘g’ Value in ESR

    A measure of the magnetic field strength required to resonate a specific electron spin in ESR spectroscopy. It depends on the electron's environment.

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    What is Column Chromatography?

    A method that separates, identifies, and determines the amounts of cations and anions in a mixture using a column packed with a stationary phase. The separation is based on the different affinities of ions to the stationary phase.

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    What is Ion Exchange Chromatography?

    A type of column chromatography where the stationary phase is an ion exchange resin, which contains charged groups that can bind to ions in the sample.

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    What is Inorganic Complex Preparation?

    A chemical process involving the formation of new chemical bonds to create a complex molecule. It often involves reacting specific reactants under controlled conditions to obtain desired products.

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    What is Sandmeyer's reaction?

    A named reaction that involves the conversion of an aromatic diazonium salt to an aryl halide using copper salts. This reaction is useful for synthesizing a variety of substituted aromatic compounds.

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    What is Cannizzaro's reaction?

    A named reaction that involves the disproportionation of an aldehyde with no α-hydrogen into an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. This reaction requires a strong base.

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    What is Diels-Alder reaction?

    A named reaction that involves the reaction of a conjugated diene with a dienophile to form a cyclic adduct. This reaction is useful for synthesizing six-membered rings.

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    What is Knoevenagel reaction?

    A named reaction involving the formation of a carbon-carbon double bond by the condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with an active methylene compound. This reaction uses a base catalyst.

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    What is the Acetylation Method?

    A procedure used to determine the amount of hydroxyl groups present in an organic compound by reacting it with an excess of acetic anhydride, followed by titration with a standard base.

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    Study Notes

    Semester II, M.Sc. Chemistry

    • Scheme of Marks: The course structure includes papers on inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, spectroscopy, diffraction methods, and computer for chemists. Practical sessions are also planned for inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry.
    • Max. Marks: The total maximum marks for the semester are 600, evenly distributed amongst the different components.
    • Paper I (Inorganic Chemistry): Covering electronic spectral studies of transition metal complexes, magnetic properties of transition metal complexes, metal π-complexes, metal clusters, and optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism.
    • Paper II (Organic Chemistry): Topics include aromatic electrophilic substitution, free radical reactions, addition reactions, addition to carbon-hetero multiple bonds, and elimination reactions, including pericyclic reactions.
    • Paper III (Physical Chemistry): Covers chemical dynamics, surface chemistry (adsorption, micelles), macromolecules (polymers), and non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
    • Paper IV (Spectroscopy II & Diffraction Methods): Examines nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR), electron spin resonance (ESR), X-ray diffraction, and electron diffraction.
    • Paper V (Computers for Chemists): A theory and laboratory-based course focusing on computer use in chemistry, including introduction to computers and computing, computer programming (FORTRAN/C/BASIC), computer programs, and applications in the field.
    • Practical Examinations: Separate practical examinations are conducted each branch of chemistry and last for 6-8 hours.
    • Inorganic Chemistry Practical: Covers areas like chromatography (separation, identification, determination of cations and anions through column chromatography and ion exchange); preparation of inorganic complexes; analysis, characterization by spectral techniques.
    • Organic Chemistry Practical: Concentrates on organic synthesis (name reactions), quantitative analysis, and record and viva-voce.
    • Physical Chemistry Practical: Examines conductometry, polarimetry, and potentiometry.

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    Test your knowledge on advanced topics covered in the M.Sc. Chemistry Semester II course. This quiz includes questions on potentiometry, organic chemistry techniques, electronic spectral studies, and more. Prepare to reinforce your understanding of complex concepts and their applications.

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