21 Questions
What is the purpose of the Shine Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotes?
To determine the correct reading frame
How many possible combinations of 3 nucleotides are there?
64
What does the correct reading frame depend on?
The first AUG sequence in eukaryotes
What demonstrates the redundancy of the genetic code?
The multiple codons that specify the same amino acid
What happens if a nucleotide is accidentally inserted into the middle of a gene?
The reading frame will be shifted
How many amino acids are there?
20
Which of the following is true about translation in prokaryotes?
Prokaryotic mRNA is polycistronic
Which step of translation involves the formation of peptide bonds?
Elongation
Which of the following is true about termination in translation?
The ribosome dissociates into the large and small subunits
What is the first amino acid added to any polypeptide chain during translation?
Methionine
Which of the following describes the correct order of translation initiation in eukaryotes?
Small ribosomal subunit binds to the met-tRNAi, it binds to the 5' cap of mRNA, small ribosome then moves along the mRNA in search of the start codon, large ribosomal unit binds.
What is the function of polysomes in protein synthesis?
To speed up the rate of protein synthesis
What happens after a ribosome has translated enough of the nucleotide sequence to move out of the way?
A new ribosome complex is formed
Why is proper folding of proteins important?
The structure of a protein dictates its function
What modification can occur to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum?
Glycosylation - addition of mono- or oligosaccharide
How do many antibiotics function in inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis?
By interfering with the correct functioning of prokaryotic ribosomes
Which subunit of the ribosome binds to the Shine Dalgnaro sequence on the mRNA?
Small ribosomal subunit
Where does protein folding occur?
In the endoplasmic reticulum
What is the role of Met-tRNAi in protein synthesis?
To serve as the initiator tRNA
Which step of translation requires an ATPase enzyme?
Initiation
What is the function of Peptidyl transferase?
Catalysis of Peptide bonds
Test your knowledge on mRNA translation and codons with this quiz! Learn about the process of mRNA export from the nucleus and its subsequent translation into proteins. Explore the relationship between nucleotide codons and amino acids.
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