20 Questions
What is the most common indication for using MRI of the pancreas?
Staging of pancreatic tumours
Which sequence is best acquired initially in an oblique coronal plane for pancreatic head tumors?
T1-weighted fat-suppressed gradient-echo
Why is CT generally preferred over MRI for certain cases, according to the text?
Lower cost and time implications
Which type of images are obtained immediately after the injection of contrast medium?
Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted fat-suppressed spoiled GRE
What is the purpose of performing intraoperative cholangiography?
To avoid surgical exploration of the common bile duct
What is a common occurrence during operative choledochogram that may be relieved by glucagon, propantheline, or amyl nitrite?
Spasm of the sphincter of Oddi
What are the criteria for a normal operative choledochogram according to Le Quesne?
Common bile duct width not greater than 12 mm
When would postoperative (T-Tube) cholangiography be indicated?
To assess biliary leaks following biliary surgery
What type of contrast medium is recommended for intraoperative cholangiography?
High osmolar contrast media (HOCM) with low iodine content
What is the purpose of giving secretin slowly intravenously over 1 minute?
To distend the pancreatic ducts for better assessment
What is the purpose of suspending inspiration during the liver ultrasound?
To visualize the whole liver using transverse scans
When would fasting or restriction to clear fluids only be required for a liver ultrasound?
When the gallbladder is also to be studied
What is a contraindication for undergoing a liver ultrasound?
None
What is the main function of a 3–5-MHz transducer and contact gel in liver ultrasound?
To visualize the whole liver using transverse scans
What may be useful for visualizing the hepatic veins during ultrasound?
Transverse intercostal or epigastric approach
What is the characteristic normal waveform of the hepatic vein on Doppler?
Triphasic waveform
In contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver, what allows the contrast enhancement pattern of focal liver lesions to be assessed?
Microbubble agents
What is the normal portal vein blood flow direction?
Towards the liver
How can hepatic artery be traced during ultrasound examination?
From the coeliac axis by recognizing the ‘seagull’ appearance
What is a characteristic of the normal adult spleen size?
Measures 12 cm or less in length
Explore the MRI technique MRCP and its applications in imaging the pancreas, including the demonstration of biliary tree, pancreatic duct, and detection of stones and obstructions. Learn about the indications for MRI imaging of the pancreas, such as staging pancreatic tumors and diagnosing suspected conditions.
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