MRI Technique MRCP and Pancreas Imaging

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What is the most common indication for using MRI of the pancreas?

Monitoring of insulin production

Evaluation of liver function

Assessment of kidney function

Staging of pancreatic tumours (correct)

Which sequence is best acquired initially in an oblique coronal plane for pancreatic head tumors?

T2-weighted turbo-spin echo

T1-weighted spoiled gradient-echo

Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted fat-suppressed spoiled GRE

T1-weighted fat-suppressed gradient-echo (correct)

Why is CT generally preferred over MRI for certain cases, according to the text?

Detection of islet cell tumors

Higher resolution images

Lower cost and time implications (correct)

Ability to demonstrate stones and obstructions

Which type of images are obtained immediately after the injection of contrast medium?

Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted fat-suppressed spoiled GRE Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing intraoperative cholangiography?

To avoid surgical exploration of the common bile duct Signup and view all the answers

What is a common occurrence during operative choledochogram that may be relieved by glucagon, propantheline, or amyl nitrite?

Spasm of the sphincter of Oddi Signup and view all the answers

What are the criteria for a normal operative choledochogram according to Le Quesne?

Common bile duct width not greater than 12 mm Signup and view all the answers

When would postoperative (T-Tube) cholangiography be indicated?

To assess biliary leaks following biliary surgery Signup and view all the answers

What type of contrast medium is recommended for intraoperative cholangiography?

High osmolar contrast media (HOCM) with low iodine content Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of giving secretin slowly intravenously over 1 minute?

To distend the pancreatic ducts for better assessment Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of suspending inspiration during the liver ultrasound?

To visualize the whole liver using transverse scans Signup and view all the answers

When would fasting or restriction to clear fluids only be required for a liver ultrasound?

When the gallbladder is also to be studied Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for undergoing a liver ultrasound?

None Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a 3–5-MHz transducer and contact gel in liver ultrasound?

To visualize the whole liver using transverse scans Signup and view all the answers

What may be useful for visualizing the hepatic veins during ultrasound?

Transverse intercostal or epigastric approach Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic normal waveform of the hepatic vein on Doppler?

Triphasic waveform Signup and view all the answers

In contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver, what allows the contrast enhancement pattern of focal liver lesions to be assessed?

Microbubble agents Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal portal vein blood flow direction?

Towards the liver Signup and view all the answers

How can hepatic artery be traced during ultrasound examination?

From the coeliac axis by recognizing the ‘seagull’ appearance Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the normal adult spleen size?

Measures 12 cm or less in length Signup and view all the answers