MPharm Programme: Musculoskeletal System - Joints
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of joints in the skeletal system?

  • Provide strength and flexibility (correct)
  • Facilitate nerve signal transmission
  • Produce red blood cells
  • Maintain body temperature

    • Which type of joint in the skeletal system is characterized by fibrous tissue joining the bones without a joint cavity?

  • Synovial joints
  • Fibrous joints (correct)
  • Symphyses
  • Cartilaginous joints

    • What is the main function of synovial fluid in synovial joints?

  • Stimulate bone growth
  • Prevent muscle fatigue
  • Act as a lubricant for joint movement (correct)
  • Provide oxygen to the joint tissues

    • Which type of joint has hyaline cartilage uniting the bones and is immovable?

    <p>Cartilaginous joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of reinforcing ligaments in joints?

    <p>Prevent dislocation of bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a synovial joint allows for 'give' or flex during movement?

    <p>Joint capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint has fibrocartilage uniting the bones and provides resilience as a shock absorber?

    <p>Symphyses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes synovial joints from fibrous and cartilaginous joints?

    <p>Movement capability due to synovial fluid in the joint cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint allows for only movement in one plane, specifically flexion and extension?

    <p>Hinge joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows rotation of a bone around its long axis?

    <p>Pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of joint does the oval articular surface of one bone fit into a concavity of another bone?

    <p>Saddle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint has both a concave and a convex surface that fit together, resembling a saddle?

    <p>Saddle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is exemplified by the shoulder and hip joints, allowing movement in all planes?

    <p>Ball and socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint in the thumb is the best example of a saddle joint?

    <p>Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the synovial joint secretes synovial fluid to lubricate the joint?

    <p>Synovial membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Reinforcing ligaments" in a synovial joint are responsible for:

    <p>Attaching bones together and providing stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of articular surfaces in influencing joint stability?

    <p>Usually playing only a minor role in stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much can ligaments stretch beyond their normal length before tearing?

    <p>6%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of muscle tone in relation to joint stability?

    <p>Maintains constant low-level contractile force on ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an angular movement that occurs along the sagittal plane?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement involves flexion + abduction + extension + adduction of a limb?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motion involves turning the hand backward?

    <p>Supination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In hinge joints, what type of motion occurs between bone components?

    <p>Flexion and extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Opposition of the thumb' involves a movement in which type of joint?

    <p>Saddle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synovial fluid in the joints?

    <p>To cushion and lubricate the joint structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of bursae in relation to joints?

    <p>To provide a cushion between structures that rub together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for reducing friction between tendons and bones subjected to movement?

    <p>Tendon sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Latin meaning of 'bursa' in the context of joints?

    <p>'Purse'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a synovial joint, what is the primary role of the articular disc or meniscus?

    <p>To connect bone ends of different shapes together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bursae contribute to joint function?

    <p>By acting as a cushion and reducing friction between structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a synovial joint acts like a protective sac lined by synovial membrane?

    <p>Bursa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of reinforcing ligaments in a joint?

    <p>To strengthen and stabilize the joint structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of articular cartilage in the joints?

    <p>To absorb compression and protect ends of bones from being crushed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ligament is part of the fibrous capsule of a joint?

    <p>Capsular (intrinsic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synovial fluid in the joints?

    <p>Nourishes cartilage and acts as a lubricant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inner layer of the articular capsule made of?

    <p>Synovial membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the joint helps to monitor stretch and sense body movements?

    <p>Nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of reinforcing ligaments in some joints?

    <p>Reinforce the joint structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the weeping lubrication process involve?

    <p>Squeezing synovial fluid into and out of the cartilage to nourish cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the outer layer of the articular capsule?

    <p>Fibrous capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the unique movement allowed by hinge joints.

    <p>Uniaxial movement in one plane, like flexion and extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement is permitted by pivot joints?

    <p>Rotation around its long axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the characteristic movement of condyloid joints.

    <p>Movement in two planes: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining feature of saddle joints?

    <p>Bones have both concave and convex surfaces that fit together like a rider sitting in a saddle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the range of motion allowed by ball and socket joints.

    <p>Multiaxial movement in all planes: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for only movement in one plane?

    <p>Hinge joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint enables rotation of a bone around its long axis?

    <p>Pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint type has both concave and convex surfaces that fit together?

    <p>Saddle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which joint type can bones move in multiple directions?

    <p>Condyloid joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint type provides the highest degree of movement in all planes?

    <p>Ball and socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

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