Newtons Laws Part 3

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Questions and Answers

What is the impact of using a cane in the contralateral hand on muscle force?

It makes the cane ineffective in reducing muscle force.

It has no effect on muscle force.

It decreases the force required from the gluteus muscles. (correct)

It increases the force required from the gluteus muscles.

What is the governing equation of motion when holding the cane in the contralateral hand?

0 = FJ + FW - FM

0 = FM + FW - FJ

0 = FC - FW - FM

0 = Fd + FJ - FC (correct)

What is the significance of the torque being zero when the cane is held in both hands?

It indicates that forces are balanced around the axis of rotation. (correct)

It means that the cane is ineffective for support.

It demonstrates that the user’s muscles are engaged.

It suggests that the user is not putting any weight on the cane.

Which force acts on the system when the cane is held in the contralateral hand?

FM, FW, and FC Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of the cane?

Using it in the contralateral hand improves stability. Signup and view all the answers

When considering joint reaction forces, what is represented in the free body diagram?

Both internal and external forces. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the decision to use the cane in the contralateral hand recommended?

It minimizes the muscle force by utilizing weight distribution. Signup and view all the answers

In a free body diagram, what does the notation 'Σ = 0' signify?

The forces acting on the system are balanced. Signup and view all the answers

When holding a cane in the ipsilateral hand, which equation correctly reflects the forces acting on the system?

0 = FC - FW - FM Signup and view all the answers

How does drawing the internal and external forces help in analyzing the cane's effectiveness?

It clarifies how external forces may alter motion. Signup and view all the answers

In managing hip joint reaction force while carrying a heavy bag, which side should the patient carry the bag to decrease pain?

Contralateral side Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of carrying a bag on the contralateral side with respect to the hip joint reaction force?

It decreases the hip joint reaction force. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to carry a heavy bag on the contralateral side?

It creates a more balanced torque. Signup and view all the answers

What does zero torque imply when the bag is carried on the contralateral side?

The torque aligns with the axis of rotation. Signup and view all the answers

When calculating the forces acting on the variables in the free body diagram, what must the sum of the torques equal when in equilibrium?

Equal to zero Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are primarily engaged when carrying a heavy bag on the contralateral side to reduce hip joint reaction force?

Contralateral hip abductors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of managing joint reaction forces while the patient carries a heavy bag?

To reduce pain Signup and view all the answers

In biomechanical terms, what happens to the joint reaction force when the bag is carried on the ipsilateral side?

It increases due to unbalanced forces. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Movement Science 1: Session II - Newton's Laws

Clinical Case: Cane
- Patients use canes to reduce force on gluteus muscles
- Canes are held in the contralateral hand to minimize hip forces
- Using a free body diagram, isolate the body part of interest
- Define a coordinate system for the analysis
- Draw and label all external and internal forces acting on the system
- Draw the joint reaction force
- Calculate torques to determine the governing equations of motion.
- Contralateral cane use minimizes muscle force, since the cane creates torque in the same direction as the muscle.

Movement Science 1: Session II - Newton's Laws - Clinical Case: Bag

Clinical Case: Bag
- Patients carry bags to decrease hip joint reaction forces to limit pain
- Bags are held in the contralateral side to minimize hip forces
- The contralateral hand minimizes the muscle force needed.
- Contralateral bag placement creates a reduced reaction force at the hip joint.
- This is because the torque created by the bag is in the same direction as the muscles supporting the hip.

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Description

Explore the applications of Newton's Laws in clinical cases involving canes and bags. This quiz focuses on how contralateral support affects muscle forces and joint reactions. Analyze free body diagrams, define coordinate systems, and calculate torques to understand the underlying physics of movement science.