FISICA_UNIT_03_Movement of Solids within Fluids
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Questions and Answers

In the context of Newton's second law, what does the equation $F=ma$ represent?

  • The relationship between work, energy, and power
  • The relationship between velocity, time, and distance
  • The relationship between force, mass, and acceleration (correct)
  • The relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature

    • What type of movement is characterized by the equation $v = v_0 + at$?

  • Uniformly rectilinear movement
  • Non-uniform and time-dependent movement
  • Uniform circular movement
  • Uniformly accelerated movement (correct)

    • What is the correct equation for non-uniform and time-dependent movement?

  • $v = v_0 + at$
  • $v = v(t)$ (correct)
  • $v = \sqrt{2as}$
  • $v = v_0$

    • Which equation represents the relationship between angular acceleration ($\alpha$), initial angular velocity ($\omega_0$), time ($t$), and angular displacement ($\theta$)?

    <p>$\theta = \theta_0 + \omega_0 t + \frac{1}{2}\alpha t^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Reynolds number (ℜ) used to determine?

    <p>The movement regime of a solid body inside a fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Reynolds number for a spherical particle calculated?

    <p>Using the particle's radius and the fluid's density, viscosity, and speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At low speeds (ℜ < 1), what is the drag force due to?

    <p>The viscosity of the fluid and is proportional to the particle's speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At high speeds (ℜ > 1), what is the drag force due to?

    <p>The acceleration of the fluid around the particle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does the viscosity of the fluid not appear in the drag force equation?

    <p>At high speeds (ℜ &gt; 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Newton's second law, which equation represents the relationship between angular acceleration ($\alpha$), initial angular velocity ($\omega_0$), time ($t$), and angular displacement ($\theta$)?

    <p>$\theta = \omega_0 t + \frac{1}{2}\alpha t^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct equation for non-uniform and time-dependent movement?

    <p>$F = m \frac{dv}{dt}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At low speeds (ℜ < 1), what kind of movement tends to occur?

    <p>Uniform and characterized by a constant and uniform speed called the limit speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At high speeds (ℜ > 1), what is the drag force due to?

    <p>Turbulent flow effects dominating over viscous forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Reynolds number (ℜ) determine for a solid body inside a fluid?

    <p>The movement regime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the drag force proportional to at low speeds (ℜ < 1)?

    <p>The particle's speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At high speeds (ℜ > 1), what is the drag force due to?

    <p>The acceleration of the fluid around the particle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Stokes viscometer measure?

    <p>Viscosity of a fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sedimentation speed of spherical particles proportional to, for a given fluid?

    <p>Their radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $F=ma$ represents which law in physics?

    <p>Newton's second law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement does $v = v_0 + at$ represent?

    <p>Non-uniform and time-dependent movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does the viscosity of the fluid not appear in the drag force equation?

    <p>At high speeds (ℜ &gt; 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does centrifugation measure molecular masses by?

    <p>Measuring sedimentation rate of particles in a centrifugal field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is acceleration experienced by particles in a centrifugal field proportional to?

    <p>Angular rotation speed of the centrifuge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can sedimentation rate of small particles be increased significantly in centrifugation?

    <p>By increasing centrifugal force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Newton's second law, what type of movement tends to occur when the force ($F$) approaches 0?

    <p>Uniform movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the relationship between angular displacement ($\theta$), initial angular velocity ($\omega_0$), time ($t$), and angular acceleration ($\alpha$)?

    <p>$\theta = \omega_0 t + \frac{1}{2}\alpha t^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Reynolds number (ℜ) determine for a solid body inside a fluid?

    <p>Type of flow regime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct equation for non-uniform and time-dependent movement?

    <p>$v = v_0 + \frac{dv}{dt}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Reynolds number (ℜ) determine for a solid body inside a fluid?

    <p>The movement regime of the solid body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the drag force proportional to at low speeds (ℜ < 1)?

    <p>The particle's speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does the viscosity of the fluid not appear in the drag force equation?

    <p>At high speeds (ℜ &gt; 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct equation for non-uniform and time-dependent movement?

    <p>$v = \frac{ds}{dt}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement does $v = v_0 + at$ represent?

    <p>$1$-dimensional motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can sedimentation rate of small particles be increased significantly in centrifugation?

    <p>By increasing angular rotation speed of centrifuge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • The Reynolds number (ℜ) is a dimensionless parameter used to determine the movement regime of a solid body inside a fluid.

    • For a spherical particle, the Reynolds number is calculated using the particle's radius and the fluid's density, viscosity, and speed.

    • Drag forces act on a particle moving inside a fluid and are parallel to the direction of the particle's velocity and opposite to it.

    • At low speeds (ℜ < 1), the drag force is due to the viscosity of the fluid and is proportional to the particle's speed.

    • At high speeds (ℜ > 1), the drag force is due to the acceleration of the fluid around the particle.

    • The viscosity of the fluid does not appear in the drag force equation for high speeds.

    • When a body is subjected to the action of a variable force that tends to 0, the movement of the body tends to reach a uniform speed called the limit speed.

    • The Reynolds number affects the limit speed of a sphere moving in a fluid.

    • A Stokes viscometer is used to measure the viscosity of a fluid by observing the terminal velocity of a sphere falling under gravity in the fluid.

    • For a given fluid, the sedimentation speed of spherical particles is proportional to their radius.

    • Centrifugation is used to measure molecular masses by measuring the sedimentation rate of particles in a centrifugal field.

    • The acceleration experienced by particles in a centrifugal field is proportional to the angular rotation speed of the centrifuge.

    • In centrifugation, the sedimentation rate of small particles can be increased significantly by the centrifugal force.

    • The Reynolds number (ℜ) is a dimensionless parameter used to determine the movement regime of a solid body inside a fluid.

    • For a spherical particle, the Reynolds number is calculated using the particle's radius and the fluid's density, viscosity, and speed.

    • Drag forces act on a particle moving inside a fluid and are parallel to the direction of the particle's velocity and opposite to it.

    • At low speeds (ℜ < 1), the drag force is due to the viscosity of the fluid and is proportional to the particle's speed.

    • At high speeds (ℜ > 1), the drag force is due to the acceleration of the fluid around the particle.

    • The viscosity of the fluid does not appear in the drag force equation for high speeds.

    • When a body is subjected to the action of a variable force that tends to 0, the movement of the body tends to reach a uniform speed called the limit speed.

    • The Reynolds number affects the limit speed of a sphere moving in a fluid.

    • A Stokes viscometer is used to measure the viscosity of a fluid by observing the terminal velocity of a sphere falling under gravity in the fluid.

    • For a given fluid, the sedimentation speed of spherical particles is proportional to their radius.

    • Centrifugation is used to measure molecular masses by measuring the sedimentation rate of particles in a centrifugal field.

    • The acceleration experienced by particles in a centrifugal field is proportional to the angular rotation speed of the centrifuge.

    • In centrifugation, the sedimentation rate of small particles can be increased significantly by the centrifugal force.

    • The Reynolds number (ℜ) is a dimensionless parameter used to determine the movement regime of a solid body inside a fluid.

    • For a spherical particle, the Reynolds number is calculated using the particle's radius and the fluid's density, viscosity, and speed.

    • Drag forces act on a particle moving inside a fluid and are parallel to the direction of the particle's velocity and opposite to it.

    • At low speeds (ℜ < 1), the drag force is due to the viscosity of the fluid and is proportional to the particle's speed.

    • At high speeds (ℜ > 1), the drag force is due to the acceleration of the fluid around the particle.

    • The viscosity of the fluid does not appear in the drag force equation for high speeds.

    • When a body is subjected to the action of a variable force that tends to 0, the movement of the body tends to reach a uniform speed called the limit speed.

    • The Reynolds number affects the limit speed of a sphere moving in a fluid.

    • A Stokes viscometer is used to measure the viscosity of a fluid by observing the terminal velocity of a sphere falling under gravity in the fluid.

    • For a given fluid, the sedimentation speed of spherical particles is proportional to their radius.

    • Centrifugation is used to measure molecular masses by measuring the sedimentation rate of particles in a centrifugal field.

    • The acceleration experienced by particles in a centrifugal field is proportional to the angular rotation speed of the centrifuge.

    • In centrifugation, the sedimentation rate of small particles can be increased significantly by the centrifugal force.

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    Unit 3: Movement of Solids Within Fluids PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the movement of solids within fluids, including low and high speed regimes, drag forces, Stokes' law, and applications such as viscosity measurements and sedimentation.

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