FISICA_UNIT_03_Movement of Solids within Fluids
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FISICA_UNIT_03_Movement of Solids within Fluids

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Questions and Answers

In the context of Newton's second law, what does the equation $F=ma$ represent?

  • The relationship between work, energy, and power
  • The relationship between velocity, time, and distance
  • The relationship between force, mass, and acceleration (correct)
  • The relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature
  • What type of movement is characterized by the equation $v = v_0 + at$?

  • Uniformly rectilinear movement
  • Non-uniform and time-dependent movement
  • Uniform circular movement
  • Uniformly accelerated movement (correct)
  • What is the correct equation for non-uniform and time-dependent movement?

  • $v = v_0 + at$
  • $v = v(t)$ (correct)
  • $v = \sqrt{2as}$
  • $v = v_0$
  • Which equation represents the relationship between angular acceleration ($\alpha$), initial angular velocity ($\omega_0$), time ($t$), and angular displacement ($\theta$)?

    <p>$\theta = \theta_0 + \omega_0 t + \frac{1}{2}\alpha t^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Reynolds number (ℜ) used to determine?

    <p>The movement regime of a solid body inside a fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Reynolds number for a spherical particle calculated?

    <p>Using the particle's radius and the fluid's density, viscosity, and speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At low speeds (ℜ < 1), what is the drag force due to?

    <p>The viscosity of the fluid and is proportional to the particle's speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At high speeds (ℜ > 1), what is the drag force due to?

    <p>The acceleration of the fluid around the particle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does the viscosity of the fluid not appear in the drag force equation?

    <p>At high speeds (ℜ &gt; 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Newton's second law, which equation represents the relationship between angular acceleration ($\alpha$), initial angular velocity ($\omega_0$), time ($t$), and angular displacement ($\theta$)?

    <p>$\theta = \omega_0 t + \frac{1}{2}\alpha t^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct equation for non-uniform and time-dependent movement?

    <p>$F = m \frac{dv}{dt}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At low speeds (ℜ < 1), what kind of movement tends to occur?

    <p>Uniform and characterized by a constant and uniform speed called the limit speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At high speeds (ℜ > 1), what is the drag force due to?

    <p>Turbulent flow effects dominating over viscous forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Reynolds number (ℜ) determine for a solid body inside a fluid?

    <p>The movement regime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the drag force proportional to at low speeds (ℜ < 1)?

    <p>The particle's speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At high speeds (ℜ > 1), what is the drag force due to?

    <p>The acceleration of the fluid around the particle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Stokes viscometer measure?

    <p>Viscosity of a fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sedimentation speed of spherical particles proportional to, for a given fluid?

    <p>Their radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $F=ma$ represents which law in physics?

    <p>Newton's second law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement does $v = v_0 + at$ represent?

    <p>Non-uniform and time-dependent movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does the viscosity of the fluid not appear in the drag force equation?

    <p>At high speeds (ℜ &gt; 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does centrifugation measure molecular masses by?

    <p>Measuring sedimentation rate of particles in a centrifugal field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is acceleration experienced by particles in a centrifugal field proportional to?

    <p>Angular rotation speed of the centrifuge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can sedimentation rate of small particles be increased significantly in centrifugation?

    <p>By increasing centrifugal force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Newton's second law, what type of movement tends to occur when the force ($F$) approaches 0?

    <p>Uniform movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the relationship between angular displacement ($\theta$), initial angular velocity ($\omega_0$), time ($t$), and angular acceleration ($\alpha$)?

    <p>$\theta = \omega_0 t + \frac{1}{2}\alpha t^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Reynolds number (ℜ) determine for a solid body inside a fluid?

    <p>Type of flow regime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct equation for non-uniform and time-dependent movement?

    <p>$v = v_0 + \frac{dv}{dt}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Reynolds number (ℜ) determine for a solid body inside a fluid?

    <p>The movement regime of the solid body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the drag force proportional to at low speeds (ℜ < 1)?

    <p>The particle's speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does the viscosity of the fluid not appear in the drag force equation?

    <p>At high speeds (ℜ &gt; 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct equation for non-uniform and time-dependent movement?

    <p>$v = \frac{ds}{dt}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement does $v = v_0 + at$ represent?

    <p>$1$-dimensional motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can sedimentation rate of small particles be increased significantly in centrifugation?

    <p>By increasing angular rotation speed of centrifuge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • The Reynolds number (ℜ) is a dimensionless parameter used to determine the movement regime of a solid body inside a fluid.

    • For a spherical particle, the Reynolds number is calculated using the particle's radius and the fluid's density, viscosity, and speed.

    • Drag forces act on a particle moving inside a fluid and are parallel to the direction of the particle's velocity and opposite to it.

    • At low speeds (ℜ < 1), the drag force is due to the viscosity of the fluid and is proportional to the particle's speed.

    • At high speeds (ℜ > 1), the drag force is due to the acceleration of the fluid around the particle.

    • The viscosity of the fluid does not appear in the drag force equation for high speeds.

    • When a body is subjected to the action of a variable force that tends to 0, the movement of the body tends to reach a uniform speed called the limit speed.

    • The Reynolds number affects the limit speed of a sphere moving in a fluid.

    • A Stokes viscometer is used to measure the viscosity of a fluid by observing the terminal velocity of a sphere falling under gravity in the fluid.

    • For a given fluid, the sedimentation speed of spherical particles is proportional to their radius.

    • Centrifugation is used to measure molecular masses by measuring the sedimentation rate of particles in a centrifugal field.

    • The acceleration experienced by particles in a centrifugal field is proportional to the angular rotation speed of the centrifuge.

    • In centrifugation, the sedimentation rate of small particles can be increased significantly by the centrifugal force.

    • The Reynolds number (ℜ) is a dimensionless parameter used to determine the movement regime of a solid body inside a fluid.

    • For a spherical particle, the Reynolds number is calculated using the particle's radius and the fluid's density, viscosity, and speed.

    • Drag forces act on a particle moving inside a fluid and are parallel to the direction of the particle's velocity and opposite to it.

    • At low speeds (ℜ < 1), the drag force is due to the viscosity of the fluid and is proportional to the particle's speed.

    • At high speeds (ℜ > 1), the drag force is due to the acceleration of the fluid around the particle.

    • The viscosity of the fluid does not appear in the drag force equation for high speeds.

    • When a body is subjected to the action of a variable force that tends to 0, the movement of the body tends to reach a uniform speed called the limit speed.

    • The Reynolds number affects the limit speed of a sphere moving in a fluid.

    • A Stokes viscometer is used to measure the viscosity of a fluid by observing the terminal velocity of a sphere falling under gravity in the fluid.

    • For a given fluid, the sedimentation speed of spherical particles is proportional to their radius.

    • Centrifugation is used to measure molecular masses by measuring the sedimentation rate of particles in a centrifugal field.

    • The acceleration experienced by particles in a centrifugal field is proportional to the angular rotation speed of the centrifuge.

    • In centrifugation, the sedimentation rate of small particles can be increased significantly by the centrifugal force.

    • The Reynolds number (ℜ) is a dimensionless parameter used to determine the movement regime of a solid body inside a fluid.

    • For a spherical particle, the Reynolds number is calculated using the particle's radius and the fluid's density, viscosity, and speed.

    • Drag forces act on a particle moving inside a fluid and are parallel to the direction of the particle's velocity and opposite to it.

    • At low speeds (ℜ < 1), the drag force is due to the viscosity of the fluid and is proportional to the particle's speed.

    • At high speeds (ℜ > 1), the drag force is due to the acceleration of the fluid around the particle.

    • The viscosity of the fluid does not appear in the drag force equation for high speeds.

    • When a body is subjected to the action of a variable force that tends to 0, the movement of the body tends to reach a uniform speed called the limit speed.

    • The Reynolds number affects the limit speed of a sphere moving in a fluid.

    • A Stokes viscometer is used to measure the viscosity of a fluid by observing the terminal velocity of a sphere falling under gravity in the fluid.

    • For a given fluid, the sedimentation speed of spherical particles is proportional to their radius.

    • Centrifugation is used to measure molecular masses by measuring the sedimentation rate of particles in a centrifugal field.

    • The acceleration experienced by particles in a centrifugal field is proportional to the angular rotation speed of the centrifuge.

    • In centrifugation, the sedimentation rate of small particles can be increased significantly by the centrifugal force.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the movement of solids within fluids, including low and high speed regimes, drag forces, Stokes' law, and applications such as viscosity measurements and sedimentation.

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