Motores de dos tiempos: principios de funcionamiento

Study Notes

Two-stroke engines have been used in various applications due to their efficiency and simplicity. These engines work based on the four-cycle operation that completes two combustion cycles per revolution of the crankshaft. Here's more information about two-stroke engines:

Common Applications

Two-stroke engines are commonly found in motorscooters, motorcycles, go karts, chainsaws, outboard marine engines, jet skis, small lawn mowers, weed eaters, leaf blowers, log splitters, power tillers, generators, water pumps, portable electric drills, and other similar machines. They are also used in airplanes such as helicopters and gliders.

Operating Principle

The working cycle of a two-stroke engine is divided into four strokes: intake stroke, compression stroke, combustion stroke, and exhaust stroke, all occurring within one complete turn of the crankshaft.

Intake Stroke

The engine starts with its piston moving downward, which pulls the mixture of fuel and air through the carburetor, creating suction. This intake process fills the cylinder with the fresh charge of fuel and air needed for the next step.

Compression Stroke

As the piston moves upward in compression, it compresses this fuel-air mixture, making it ready for ignition.

Combustion Stroke

When the spark plug fires during this phase, the compressed mixture inside the cylinder explodes from the heat released by the spark, pushing the piston back down. This force turns the crankshaft via a connecting rod, generating torque that propels the vehicle forward.

Exhaust Stroke

Finally, the exhaust valve opens up, releasing the burned gases left over from the combustion stroke, and the piston's return movement expels these gases out of the system. This allows the engine to begin the intake stroke again, starting the cycle once more.

Description

Aprende sobre el funcionamiento de los motores de dos tiempos, sus aplicaciones comunes y los cuatro pasos que componen su ciclo de trabajo. Comprende las etapas de admisión, compresión, combustión y escape en estos motores eficientes y simplificados.