Motor Behavior Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is motor behavior?

The study of how motor skills are learned, controlled, and developed, including motor control, motor learning, and motor development.

What does motor control focus on?

The processes that underlie the production of movement.

What is motor learning?

The skilled movements acquired as a result of practice, including the optimal conditions for learning new motor skills.

What does motor development study?

The origins and changes in movement behavior throughout the life span. Signup and view all the answers

The Information Processing Model consists of the following stages: Input (Stimulus Identification) > ______ > Response Programming > Output > Feedback.

Response Selection Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of input (stimulus identification) in the information processing model?

Information about the initial condition is taken in, including all of the senses. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in the response selection stage?

A decision about the response is made. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by response programming?

The plan of action and processing actions needed to complete decisions. Signup and view all the answers

What does output refer to in the information processing model?

Performing the action. Signup and view all the answers

What is feedback in the context of motor behavior?

Making note of the results and learning from them. Signup and view all the answers

What is attention defined as in motor behavior?

The focalization and limitation of information processing resources. Signup and view all the answers

What does limited mean in the context of attention characteristics?

Unable to have multiple stimuli. Signup and view all the answers

What does serial mean regarding attention characteristics?

We can only pay attention, intently, to one thing at a time. Signup and view all the answers

What is serial processing?

Only focusing on one thing at a time. Signup and view all the answers

What is parallel processing?

Processing multiple things at one time. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Stroop effect demonstrate?

Difficulty in responding accurately when two stimuli are processed in parallel, affecting response selection. Signup and view all the answers

Which stages of the Information Processing Model does the Stroop effect emphasize?

The stimulus identification and response selection stages. Signup and view all the answers

What is reaction time?

The amount of time from the arrival of an unanticipated stimulus to the initiation of an action. Signup and view all the answers

What is movement time?

The interval between the initiation of movement and its completion. Signup and view all the answers

What is simple reaction time?

One signal and one response, such as one ruler. Signup and view all the answers

What is choice reaction time?

More than one signal to which we must respond, such as two rulers. Signup and view all the answers

What defines motor learning?

A set of processes associated with practice or experience leading to relatively permanent changes in capability for movement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinction between motor learning and motor performance?

Performance is the actual action, while learning is the capability to perform. Signup and view all the answers

How do we assess motor performance?

By looking at the quantitative success (what you can see). Signup and view all the answers

How do we assess motor learning?

By looking for improvement/stable performance over time. Signup and view all the answers

What are motor performance characteristics?

Always observable and influenced by many factors. Signup and view all the answers

What are motor learning characteristics?

An internal process not influenced by outside factors, reflecting the individual's performance capability for producing. Signup and view all the answers

How do we know that learning has occurred?

If a person's level of performance proficiency is relatively stable over several observations under different sets of circumstances. Signup and view all the answers

What methods are used to measure learning in motor learning research?

Post test, retention test, and transfer test. Signup and view all the answers

What is a post test in motor learning?

Practice once then post test, which is difficult to track learning. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Motor Behavior Overview

Motor behavior encompasses the study of learning, control, and development of motor skills.
It includes three primary areas: motor control, motor learning, and motor development.

Motor Control

Focuses on the processes enabling the production of movement.

Motor Learning

Examines skilled movements gained through practice and identifies optimal conditions for acquiring new motor skills.

Motor Development

Investigates the origins and evolution of movement behaviors across an individual's lifespan.

The Information Processing Model

Comprised of stages: Input (Stimulus Identification) > Response Selection > Response Programming > Output > Feedback.

Input (Stimulus Identification)

Involves gathering information about initial conditions through sensory input from all senses.

Response Selection

The stage where decisions regarding the appropriate response are made.

Response Programming

Involves creating a plan of action and processing required actions to fulfill decisions.

Output

Refers to the actual performance of the action decided upon.

Feedback

Involves analyzing results to learn and make corrections for future actions.

Attention

Defined as the focalization and limitation of information processing resources.
Characteristics include limited capacity (cannot focus on multiple stimuli) and serial processing (focus on one task at a time).

Processing Types

Serial Processing: Concentrating on one item at a time.
Parallel Processing: Managing multiple stimuli, easier during the stimulus identification stage.

Stroop Effect

A color recognition test demonstrating dual stimulus processing; incorrect color naming indicates inadequate attention allocation during response selection.

Reaction Time

The time taken from an unanticipated stimulus to the onset of an action, indicating the effectiveness of the information processing system.
Influenced by the number of response choices.

Movement Time

The duration from the start of movement to its completion.

Reaction Time Variants

Simple Reaction Time: One signal and one response (e.g., one ruler).
Choice Reaction Time: Multiple signals requiring responses (e.g., two rulers).

Motor Learning Definition

Involves processes linked to practice or experience that lead to lasting changes in movement capability.

Motor Learning vs. Motor Performance

Performance is the observable action; learning denotes the acquired capability to act.

Assessing Motor Performance

Based on observable quantitative success.

Assessing Motor Learning

Evaluated by stability and improvement over time; inherently internal and not directly observable.

Characteristics of Motor Performance

Always visible and influenced by various factors.

Characteristics of Motor Learning

Internal and not directly affected by external factors; reflects the individual's capability.

Indicators of Learning

Learning is inferred when performance is stable across multiple observations and under varying circumstances.

Measuring Learning in Research

Methods include post tests, retention tests, and transfer tests.

Post Test

Involves practicing once followed by immediate testing; challenging to track learning accurately.

Retention Test

Conducted after a specific time to evaluate retention of learned skills.

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Description

Explore key concepts in motor behavior, including motor control, motor learning, and motor development. These flashcards provide definitions and insights into how motor skills are acquired and refined through practice. Enhance your understanding of the processes behind movement and skill acquisition.