Motivation Sources and Self-Determination Theory
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a psychological need for motivation according to Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory?

  • Relatedness
  • Self-esteem (correct)
  • Autonomy
  • Competence
  • According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which level of motivation is associated with self-actualisation?

  • Safety needs
  • Physiological needs
  • Esteem needs
  • Growth needs (correct)
  • What is the characteristic of a self-actualised person, according to Maslow?

  • They are able to realise their full potential (correct)
  • They have a high need for self-esteem
  • They have a strong need for safety
  • They are motivated by extrinsic rewards
  • What is amotivation, according to Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory?

    <p>A lack of motivation due to internal drives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an expanded need in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (1970)?

    <p>Cognitive needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory?

    <p>The psychological needs that underlie motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sources of Motivation

    • Physiological, cognitive, emotional, and social sources of motivation are key factors that drive human behavior.

    Self-Determination Theory

    • Deci and Ryan's (1985) Self-Determination Theory proposes three types of motivation: amotivation, extrinsic motivation, and intrinsic motivation.
    • The theory suggests that psychological needs for motivation include autonomy, competence, and relatedness.
    • Autonomy refers to a sense of volition and control over one's actions and decisions.
    • Competence involves feeling effective and capable in one's endeavors.
    • Relatedness involves feeling connected and valued by others.

    Evaluating Self-Determination Theory

    • The strengths of Self-Determination Theory include its ability to explain the different types of motivation and their underlying psychological needs.
    • Limitations of the theory include its inability to account for individual differences and cultural variations in motivation.

    Applying Self-Determination Theory

    • Self-Determination Theory can be applied to real-world contexts, such as education and employment, to promote intrinsic motivation and improve performance.

    Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow, 1954, 1970)

    • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs proposes that human motivation is driven by two types of needs: deficiency needs and growth needs.
    • Deficiency needs include physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, and esteem needs.
    • Growth needs include self-actualization needs, which are driven by the desire for personal growth and development.
    • The expanded hierarchy of needs (1970) includes cognitive, aesthetic, and transcendence needs.
    • Self-actualization is characterized by a sense of purpose, autonomy, and self-awareness.
    • Characteristics of a self-actualized person include creativity, spontaneity, and a focus on personal growth.

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    Description

    Understand the different sources of motivation, including physiological, cognitive, emotional, and social. Learn about Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory, including amotivation, extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, and the psychological needs for motivation.

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