Motivation in Recreation Participation

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Questions and Answers

How can urban areas effectively incorporate leisure attractions?

With a focus on expanding fast food outlets

By limiting access to recreational facilities

Through the re-design and rehabilitation of parks and open spaces (correct)

By increasing building density in central areas

What is a key method for fostering positive environmental attitudes?

Limiting open spaces to urban development projects

Implementing strict penalties for waste disposal

Disregarding local environmental issues in planning

Encouraging community involvement in environmental policy-making (correct)

Which of the following approaches strengthens neighbourhood ties?

By restricting participation in community programs based on residency

Through promoting individual interests over communal goals

By increasing government surveillance of community activities

Through involving residents in volunteer projects and civic events (correct)

What is a way to meet the needs of individuals with disabilities?

By providing therapeutic recreation services and community-based programs Signup and view all the answers

How can economic health and community stability be maintained?

Through promoting business development and regional employment Signup and view all the answers

What is a common structural constraint that affects participation in recreational activities?

Lack of time Signup and view all the answers

How has the focus on sexual orientation in leisure pursuits changed recently?

From seeing LGBTQ+ individuals as a viable market Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has historically limited individuals from full participation in organized recreation?

Racial and ethnic identity Signup and view all the answers

What major contribution does recreation make to community life?

Enhancing the community's aesthetic appeal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following areas encompasses gender factors in leisure?

Political influences Signup and view all the answers

What is one way recreation contributes to personal development?

By fostering positive self-concepts through experiences Signup and view all the answers

How have recreational opportunities for girls and women changed in recent years?

They have expanded substantially Signup and view all the answers

What role do positive memories of childhood sports experiences play in an individual's life?

They help cultivate healthy family relationships Signup and view all the answers

What type of play is characterized by children sharing a common game while focusing on their own individual efforts?

Associative play Signup and view all the answers

Which type of play occurs when children play together in games that are informal and loosely organized?

Cooperative play Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a structural constraint on women’s leisure?

Limited time for leisure due to work commitments Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children typically begin to engage in cooperative play?

3-4 years Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the feminist movement after World War II have on gender stereotypes in play?

Reduced stereotypical views of women Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered an intra-personal constraint?

Local facilities available Signup and view all the answers

What defines inter-personal constraints in leisure activities?

Relationships with friends or family Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a leisure constraint?

Feeling obligated to participate in other priorities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivators?

Intrinsic motivators drive behavior for its own sake, while extrinsic motivators involve external rewards. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an emotional motivation for participation in recreational activities?

To relieve stress or boredom. Signup and view all the answers

What process refers to the adjustment made to accommodate new information?

Accommodation. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of motivation includes the desire to control obesity?

Physical motivations. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes psychological motivations for recreation?

Seeking excitement, relaxation, and stress management. Signup and view all the answers

What factors typically influence social motivations in recreational activities?

Need to be part of a group and make friends. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about motivation for recreation participation is true?

Motivations can be classified into multiple categories, including physical and emotional. Signup and view all the answers

How are rewards perceived in intrinsic motivation?

They are secondary to the enjoyment of the activity. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Motivation

Motivation is an internal or external element that moves people toward a behavior
Recreation motivators can include:
- The desire to develop soccer skills
- To learn about visual arts

Extrinsic motivators

Extrinsic motivators are controlled by an external force
Often referred to as rewards

Intrinsic motivators

Intrinsic motivators are elements that drive a person to behave in a certain way, simply for the behavior itself
The rewards are internal to the person

Motivation for recreation participation

Can be categorized into six types
Physical motivations: e.g., to control obesity, preserve cardiovascular health, and for wellness
Social motivations: need to be part of a group, to make friends
Psychological motivations: e.g., for excitement and challenge, relaxation and escape, stress management, and hedonistic motivations
Emotional: to reduce tension, boredom, stress, and frustration
Intellectual values and outcomes: for intellectual or cognitive development
Spiritual values and outcomes

Intellectual values and outcomes

Piaget suggested that there are 2 mental processes to all mental development:
- Assimilation: the process of taking in information in the form of visual or auditory stimuli
- Accommodation: the process of adjusting to external circumstances or stimuli

Among children, play has served to reinforce gender-related stereotypes
Little boys were given toy guns or cowboy outfits and encouraged to play out in stereotypically masculine roles
- Doctors, firefighters, or airplane pilots
Girls are given dolls or play equipment designed to encourage stereotypically feminine roles
- Caring for babies, cooking, sewing, or playing nurses or flight attendants
Only after the resurgence of the feminist movement after World War II did the stereotypical views of women reduce considerably

Four types of childhood play

Susanna Miller explained that children's play moves through different stages:
- Solitary play: carried out without others nearby
- Parallel play: in which children play side-by-side without meaningful inter-play
- Associative play: in which children share a common game or enterprise but concentrate on their own individual efforts rather than the group activity
- Cooperative play: beginning at the age of 3 in which children join others in games, informal dramatics, or constructive projects
  - By the age of 6 or 7, children tend to be involved in loosely organized play groups
  - By the age of 8-12, play is more tightly structured and organized

Leisure Constraints

Occurs when an individual is:
- Unable to participate in a leisure activity
- Unable to participate as much as they would like to
- When the quality of the experience is diminished for some reason

Inter-personal constraints

Associated with the individual's relationships with others
The constraint occurs because of relationships with friends, family, or co-workers

Intra-personal constraints

Factors that affect an individual's preference or interest in an activity

Structural constraints

Factors that intervene between the desire to participate and actual participation in an activity
The common structural constraint is lack of time
Other examples include:
- Lack of transportation
- Lack of money
- Lack of opportunity

Socio-cultural factors

There has been tremendous progress in the field of recreation with respect to expanded recreational opportunities for girls and women in sport and outdoor recreation
Sexual orientation affects leisure pursuits in several ways
- Focus is changing from ignoring this group to seeing them as a viable market as the number of identified LGBTQ+ people increase
Racial and ethnic identity has also limited many individuals from full participation in organized recreation in the past
- With continuing waves of immigration from other parts of the world, religion linked to ethnic identity will pose new policy questions

Gender factors influencing leisure

Throughout history, distinctions between males and females have been made
- This extends beyond procreation functions
These distinctions encompass:
- Family or marital roles
- Educational status
- Career opportunities
- Political influences
- All other aspects of daily life
For the most part, women have been subordinated to men in many societies

10 major areas of recreation's contribution to community life

Enriching the quality of life
- By providing pleasurable and constructive leisure opportunities for residents of all ages, backgrounds, and socioeconomic classes
Contributing to personal development
- Contributing to a person's healthy, physical, social, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual development, as well as to family cohesion and well being
Making the community an attractive place to live
- By providing a network of parks and open spaces
- Incorporating leisure attractions in the re-design and rehabilitation of urban areas
- Fostering positive environmental attitudes and policies
Preventing anti-social vices, delinquency, or substance abuse
- By providing challenging programs that offer young adults constructive and enjoyable recreational opportunities
Improving inter-group, intra-group, and intergenerational relations
- Improving relations among community residents of different racial-ethnic or religious backgrounds through shared recreational and cultural experiences
Strengthening neighborhood and community ties
- By involving residents in volunteer projects or service programs and events to enhance civic pride and morale
Meeting the needs of special populations
- Through therapeutic recreation services in treatment settings and community-based programs serving individuals with a broad range of disabilities
Maintaining economic health and community stability
- By acting as a catalyst for business development and a source of community and regional income and employment by keeping neighbourhoods desirable places to live
Enriching community cultural life
- By promoting fine and performing arts, special events and cultural programs, and by supporting historic sites, folk heritage, customs, and community art institutions
Promoting health and safety
- By offering needed services and programs, including leadership training and certification courses, and supervision and regulation of high-risk activities

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Description

This quiz explores the various motivators for participating in recreational activities, including intrinsic and extrinsic factors. It categorizes motivations into physical, social, psychological, emotional, and intellectual values. Test your understanding of what drives people to engage in recreational pursuits.