Motivation and Grit in Psychology

<p>To create a supportive environment and increase accountability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Achievement motivation includes passion and perseverance, whereas raw ability is potential aptitude. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fulfillment of primary, fundamental needs such as food and safety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcendence involves a search for meaning beyond oneself, while self-actualization is about fulfilling one's own potential. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are moments of intense joy and fulfillment, and striving for them is part of the process of growth and self-actualization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Motivation is created by physiological needs, which cause an aroused state that drives us to reduce the need. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain an optimal level of stimulation and arousal. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcendence, seeking meaning beyond personal concerns through altruistic actions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Esteem needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arousal theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased hunger and decreased metabolic rate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It amplifies natural behavior tendencies, potentially leading to increased food consumption. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing portion sizes of healthy foods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sleep deprivation leads to hormonal changes (leptin and ghrelin) that can increase appetite, potentially exacerbating genetic predispositions to obesity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased preference for spicier foods in hotter climates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It strategically presents a healthy option first, increasing the likelihood of its selection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The proportion of overweight adults has increased for both men and women, with no country showing a reduced obesity rate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An individual with a genetic predisposition to a higher weight living in an environment with readily available, high-calorie food and a sedentary lifestyle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Need for Affiliation (nAff) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Need for Affiliation (nAff) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A politician who seeks to influence policy and control resources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Need for Achievement (nAch) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>nPow is satisfied by attaining control and influence, while nAch may not require status or prestige. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Need for Power (nPow) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nAff individual would foster collaboration and seek consensus, while the nAch individual might prioritize personal accomplishment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acknowledges the importance of social and psychological needs like affiliation, power, and achievement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shivering in response to a drop in body temperature to maintain a stable internal environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The feeling of thirst after a workout. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A student working hard to earn good grades to gain social approval. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The bonus acts as an incentive that motivates behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eating a snack out of boredom, even when not hungry. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homeostasis is the goal that drive-reduction aims to achieve by maintaining a stable internal environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Running a marathon for the thrill of the challenge. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary reinforcers satisfy basic needs, and secondary reinforcers are associated with and can obtain primary reinforcers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fixed mindset focused on appearing intelligent and avoiding looking incompetent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>&quot;You are really thinking hard about this problem!&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persist through challenges by trying new strategies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By signaling the hypothalamus that the body has had enough food. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To decrease the level of glucose in the bloodstream. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulin decreases blood sugar, while glucagon increases it. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced appetite and increased feelings of satiety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased hunger due to a drop in blood sugar levels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The fulfillment of one's potential and the highest level of growth needs.

A ranking of human needs from basic survival to higher-level psychological needs, often depicted as a pyramid.

Basic needs required for survival, such as food, water, and shelter.

Needs that involve personal growth, such as relationships and self-esteem.

Moments of intense joy and self-actualization, often seen as the high points in life.

The need to seek spiritual meaning beyond oneself, beyond self-actualization.

Theory explaining that physiological needs create an aroused state driving us to satisfy those needs.

A desire for significant accomplishment, mastery, and high standards.

Passion and perseverance in pursuing long-term goals.

The idea that we are motivated by the need to maintain an optimal level of excitement or stimulation.

Potential isolation, narcissism, and self-disclosure among users.

Keeping track of goals to ensure consistent effort.

A detailed strategy to achieve specific goals.

The body's resting rate of energy output.

Influences from body chemistry and environment shape food choices.

Common likes for sweet and salty flavors observed across cultures.

Specific foods that are favored in different cultures, e.g., camel eye for Bedouins.

More food options can increase the amount consumed.

An increase in the percentage of overweight adults documented over 33 years.

Genetics play a role in determining body weight similarities in families.

Strategies for managing weight: exercise, sleep, and limiting portion sizes.

Human behaviors driven by innate instincts similar to animals.

The body's tendency to maintain a balanced internal state.

Drives related to survival needs such as hunger and thirst.

Drives learned through experience, like the need for money or social approval.

Rewards that satisfy primary drives, such as food.

Rewards that satisfy acquired drives, such as praise or money.

Theory doesn't fully explain why some behaviors occur without unmet needs, like eating for pleasure.

Belief that intelligence is static and unchangeable.

Belief that intelligence can be developed through effort and experience.

The extent to which individuals believe they can control events affecting them.

The body's mechanism to regulate caloric intake and maintain weight.

Hormone that decreases blood sugar levels and can increase hunger.

Hormone that increases blood sugar levels after fasting or low blood sugar.

Hormone that signals fullness to the hypothalamus after eating.

The rate at which the body uses energy at rest to maintain vital functions.

The psychological need for friendly social interactions and relationships.

The psychological need to control and influence others.

The strong desire to succeed in attaining challenging goals.

A theory highlighting affiliation, power, and achievement as core psychological needs.

People who seek to be liked and are good team players.

People who seek influence and control, often valuing material success.

People who excel in setting and achieving challenging goals.

Drives that are learned, not innate, providing secondary reinforcement.