Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of McGregor's Theory X?
What is the primary focus of McGregor's Theory X?
- The creative potential of employees
- The need for employees to avoid responsibility
- The importance of setting difficult goals
- The negative view of human nature and behavior (correct)
What is the main idea of Goal Setting Theory?
What is the main idea of Goal Setting Theory?
- Employees are motivated by job security
- Autonomy and feedback are the primary motivators
- Goals increase performance and difficult goals result in higher performance (correct)
- Employees are driven by their need for power
What is the primary characteristic of employees according to Theory Y?
What is the primary characteristic of employees according to Theory Y?
- They are creative and enjoy work (correct)
- They are lazy and avoid responsibility
- They are motivated by their need for power
- They are driven by their need for affiliation
What is the goal of vertical expansion in job design?
What is the goal of vertical expansion in job design?
What is the need for affiliation driven by?
What is the need for affiliation driven by?
What is the main assumption of Theory X?
What is the main assumption of Theory X?
What is the primary benefit of setting difficult goals?
What is the primary benefit of setting difficult goals?
What is the primary focus of job enrichment?
What is the primary focus of job enrichment?
What is the primary goal of creating natural work units?
What is the primary goal of creating natural work units?
What influences an individual's behavior according to the content?
What influences an individual's behavior according to the content?
What is the purpose of establishing client relationships?
What is the purpose of establishing client relationships?
What is the first question to ask according to the content?
What is the first question to ask according to the content?
What is the purpose of the three questions to ask?
What is the purpose of the three questions to ask?
What is the third question to ask according to the content?
What is the third question to ask according to the content?
What is the primary goal of motivation in an organization?
What is the primary goal of motivation in an organization?
Which of the following is an example of a higher order need according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Which of the following is an example of a higher order need according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
What is the primary difference between motivators and hygiene factors?
What is the primary difference between motivators and hygiene factors?
According to McClelland's 3 Needs Theory, which of the following is an acquired need?
According to McClelland's 3 Needs Theory, which of the following is an acquired need?
What is the term for the measure of intensity, drive, and vigor in an individual's motivation?
What is the term for the measure of intensity, drive, and vigor in an individual's motivation?
Which of the following management practices is likely to enhance motivation?
Which of the following management practices is likely to enhance motivation?
What is the primary focus of Herzberg's 2 Theory, also known as the Motivation-Hygiene Theory?
What is the primary focus of Herzberg's 2 Theory, also known as the Motivation-Hygiene Theory?
Which of the following is an example of a lower order need according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Which of the following is an example of a lower order need according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
What is the primary purpose of open feedback channels?
What is the primary purpose of open feedback channels?
What is the main goal of designing jobs deliberately and thoroughly?
What is the main goal of designing jobs deliberately and thoroughly?
What is the primary difference between job enlargement and job enrichment?
What is the primary difference between job enlargement and job enrichment?
What is the main concept behind Adams' Equity Theory?
What is the main concept behind Adams' Equity Theory?
What is the purpose of combining tasks in job design?
What is the purpose of combining tasks in job design?
What is the primary purpose of Vroom's Expectancy Theory?
What is the primary purpose of Vroom's Expectancy Theory?
What is the result of job enrichment?
What is the result of job enrichment?
What is the primary goal of job design?
What is the primary goal of job design?
What is a common bias in motivation theories?
What is a common bias in motivation theories?
What motivates professionals?
What motivates professionals?
What is an effective reward program for low-skilled and minimum wage workers?
What is an effective reward program for low-skilled and minimum wage workers?
What is a characteristic of open book management?
What is a characteristic of open book management?
What is a universal motivator according to Herzberg's motivation theory?
What is a universal motivator according to Herzberg's motivation theory?
What is a characteristic of pay for performance plans?
What is a characteristic of pay for performance plans?
What do contingent workers desire?
What do contingent workers desire?
What is a characteristic of employee recognition programs?
What is a characteristic of employee recognition programs?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Motivation
- Motivation is the process by which a person's effort is energized, directed, and sustained towards attaining a goal.
- Elements of motivation:
- Energy: measure of intensity, drive, and vigor
- Direction: channeled to benefit the organization or cause
- Persistence
Early Theories of Motivation
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
- Motivators: intrinsic factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
- Hygiene factors: extrinsic factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but do not motivate
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Higher-order needs:
- Self-actualization: become what they are capable of becoming
- Esteem: internal factors such as self-respect, achievement, and external factors such as status, recognition, and attention
- Social: affection, belongingness, acceptance, and friendship
- Lower-order needs:
- Safety: security and protection from physical and emotional harm
- Physiological: food, drink, shelter, sexual satisfaction, and other physical needs
McClelland's Three Needs Theory
- Three acquired needs:
- Need for achievement: drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of expectations
- Need for power: need to make others behave in a way they would not have behaved otherwise
- Need for affiliation: drive for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y
- Theory X:
- Negative view of people
- Employees dislike work, are lazy, avoid responsibility, and must be coerced to perform
- Theory Y:
- Positive view of people
- Employees are creative, enjoy work, seek responsibility, and exercise self-direction
Contemporary Theories of Motivation
Goal-Setting Theory
- Proposition that says goals increase performance, and difficult goals result in higher performance than easy goals
Designing Motivating Jobs
- Job enlargement: horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
- Job enrichment: vertical expansion of the job, adding planning and evaluation responsibility
- Guidance to job design:
- Combine tasks
- Create natural work units
- Establish client relationships
Adams' Equity Theory
- An employee compares their job input-outcomes with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Vroom's Expectancy Theory
- Individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Current Issues in Motivation
- Managing cross-cultural motivational challenges
- Motivating unique groups of workers:
- Diverse workforces
- Professionals
- Contingent workers
- Low-skilled and minimum wage workers
- Designing appropriate reward programs:
- Open-book management
- Employee recognition programs
- Pay for performance
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
