Motion Graphs and Acceleration

Graphical Representation

• A straight line motion can be represented graphically using a distance-time graph and a velocity-time graph.
• Distance-time graph:
  • Slope of the graph represents velocity.
  • Steeper slope indicates higher velocity.
• Velocity-time graph:
  • Slope of the graph represents acceleration.
  • Positive slope indicates acceleration, negative slope indicates deceleration.

Acceleration

• Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
• It is a vector quantity, measured in m/s².
• Acceleration can be positive (increasing velocity) or negative (decreasing velocity).

Retardation

• Retardation is the rate of decrease in velocity.
• It is a type of deceleration.
• Retardation is a negative acceleration.

Non-uniform Motion

• Non-uniform motion is when the velocity of an object changes with time.
• The acceleration of an object in non-uniform motion is not constant.
• Examples: a car accelerating from rest, a thrown ball.

Uniform Motion

• Uniform motion is when the velocity of an object remains constant.
• The acceleration of an object in uniform motion is zero.
• Examples: a car moving at a constant speed, a satellite in orbit.

Graphical Representation

• A distance-time graph and a velocity-time graph can be used to represent straight line motion graphically.
• The slope of a distance-time graph represents velocity, and a steeper slope indicates higher velocity.
• The slope of a velocity-time graph represents acceleration, with a positive slope indicating acceleration and a negative slope indicating deceleration.

Acceleration

• Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity and is a vector quantity measured in m/s².
• Acceleration can be positive (increasing velocity) or negative (decreasing velocity).

Retardation

• Retardation is the rate of decrease in velocity and is a type of deceleration.
• Retardation is a negative acceleration.

Motion

Non-uniform Motion

• Non-uniform motion occurs when the velocity of an object changes with time.
• The acceleration of an object in non-uniform motion is not constant.
• Examples of non-uniform motion include a car accelerating from rest and a thrown ball.

Uniform Motion

• Uniform motion occurs when the velocity of an object remains constant.
• The acceleration of an object in uniform motion is zero.
• Examples of uniform motion include a car moving at a constant speed and a satellite in orbit.