Motion, Forces, and Energy

Deals with the motion of objects and the forces that cause that motion.

Describes motion (displacement, velocity, acceleration) without considering its causes.

Concerns the causes of motion, that is, forces (relates force to acceleration).

Object at rest stays at rest. Object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted upon by a force.

The acceleration is directly proportional to the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass (F = ma).

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Forces occur in pairs.

The transfer of energy when a force causes displacement.

The capacity to do work.

Energy of motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv^2.

Stored energy due to position or condition, e.g., gravitational potential energy (PE = mgh).