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Questions and Answers
Which of the following authors have written about the impact of mothers' gender-role stereotypic beliefs on mothers' and children's ability perceptions in their research?
Which of the following authors have written about the impact of mothers' gender-role stereotypic beliefs on mothers' and children's ability perceptions in their research?
- Kreuger, J., & Rothbart, M.
- Jacobs, J.E., & Eccles, J.S. (correct)
- Miller, B.C., Christopherson, C.R., & King, P.K.
- Kalmuss, D., Davidson, A., & Cushman, L.
Which authors discuss the influence of gender stereotypes on parent and child mathematics attitudes?
Which authors discuss the influence of gender stereotypes on parent and child mathematics attitudes?
- Moos, R., Cronkite, R., & Finney, J.
- Larson, R.W., Richards, M.H., Moneta, G., Holmbeck, G., & Duckett, E.
- E., & Millstein, S.G.
- Jacobs, J.E. (correct)
What is the primary focus of the research by E., & Millstein, S.G. (1991)?
What is the primary focus of the research by E., & Millstein, S.G. (1991)?
- The influence of gender stereotypes on parent and child mathematics attitudes.
- Changes in adolescents' daily interactions with their families from ages 10 to 18.
- The impact of parenting expectations and experiences on adjustment to parenthood.
- Risk-taking behaviors exhibited during adolescence. (correct)
Which research paper explores the use of categorical and individuating information in making inferences about personality?
Which research paper explores the use of categorical and individuating information in making inferences about personality?
Who researched and published a study on the sampling issues in family research?
Who researched and published a study on the sampling issues in family research?
Which research paper delves into the changes in adolescents' daily interactions with their families from ages 10 to 18?
Which research paper delves into the changes in adolescents' daily interactions with their families from ages 10 to 18?
Which set of authors' research specifically focused on the 'violated expectations framework' in the context of parenting?
Which set of authors' research specifically focused on the 'violated expectations framework' in the context of parenting?
Which authors explore the topic of sexual behavior in adolescence?
Which authors explore the topic of sexual behavior in adolescence?
What influences parents’ expectations for their children according to generalized beliefs?
What influences parents’ expectations for their children according to generalized beliefs?
What type of stereotypes do parents often hold about adolescents?
What type of stereotypes do parents often hold about adolescents?
Which model links parents' beliefs, behaviors, and children's outcomes?
Which model links parents' beliefs, behaviors, and children's outcomes?
According to the research, mothers' beliefs about gender abilities influence their expectations independent of what?
According to the research, mothers' beliefs about gender abilities influence their expectations independent of what?
What defined the expectations mothers had for their sons and daughters in the study?
What defined the expectations mothers had for their sons and daughters in the study?
In the context of the study, what does 'category-based beliefs' refer to?
In the context of the study, what does 'category-based beliefs' refer to?
What impact do generalized beliefs have on parental behavior?
What impact do generalized beliefs have on parental behavior?
What main aspect did the previous research focus on regarding parents' beliefs?
What main aspect did the previous research focus on regarding parents' beliefs?
What effect can negative beliefs about adolescents have on parents' behavior?
What effect can negative beliefs about adolescents have on parents' behavior?
Which factor can influence parents’ perceptions of adolescence?
Which factor can influence parents’ perceptions of adolescence?
What did Holmbeck suggest about parents' beliefs regarding adolescence?
What did Holmbeck suggest about parents' beliefs regarding adolescence?
How might cultural ideas about adolescents lead to parental expectations?
How might cultural ideas about adolescents lead to parental expectations?
What type of outcomes are associated with authoritarian parenting styles?
What type of outcomes are associated with authoritarian parenting styles?
What can happen when parents view adolescence as a problematic phase?
What can happen when parents view adolescence as a problematic phase?
What is a common stereotype about adolescents?
What is a common stereotype about adolescents?
What might negative expectations foster in the relationship between parents and adolescents?
What might negative expectations foster in the relationship between parents and adolescents?
What is the focus of the research by Bugental et al. (1993)?
What is the focus of the research by Bugental et al. (1993)?
Which study focuses on perceived control over caregiving outcomes?
Which study focuses on perceived control over caregiving outcomes?
What do Collins’ studies primarily investigate?
What do Collins’ studies primarily investigate?
Which concept is addressed in the study by Eccles et al. (1990)?
Which concept is addressed in the study by Eccles et al. (1990)?
What was the purpose of deriving a pubertal development score in the study?
What was the purpose of deriving a pubertal development score in the study?
What aspect of social cognition did Dix et al. (1986) study?
What aspect of social cognition did Dix et al. (1986) study?
Why was menarche not assessed in the study?
Why was menarche not assessed in the study?
In which study is the attribution process in discipline discussed?
In which study is the attribution process in discipline discussed?
How do mothers' ratings of pubertal development compare to doctors' reports?
How do mothers' ratings of pubertal development compare to doctors' reports?
What is the primary focus of Dorn’s research with adolescents?
What is the primary focus of Dorn’s research with adolescents?
What developmental stage is emphasized in the work of Collins (1995)?
What developmental stage is emphasized in the work of Collins (1995)?
What statistical methods were used to examine the relationships in the study?
What statistical methods were used to examine the relationships in the study?
Which aspect of children's attributes was considered in predicting expectations for the child?
Which aspect of children's attributes was considered in predicting expectations for the child?
What were the two scales measuring expectations for the child in the study?
What were the two scales measuring expectations for the child in the study?
What does the hierarchical regression in the study aim to examine?
What does the hierarchical regression in the study aim to examine?
What was the primary approach used to assess pubertal development in this study?
What was the primary approach used to assess pubertal development in this study?
What aspect of adolescent development is highlighted by Nolen-Hoeksema and Girgus?
What aspect of adolescent development is highlighted by Nolen-Hoeksema and Girgus?
Which publication addresses the mental health professional's perspective on normal adolescence?
Which publication addresses the mental health professional's perspective on normal adolescence?
What is the focus of the study by Offer and Schonert-Reichl regarding adolescence?
What is the focus of the study by Offer and Schonert-Reichl regarding adolescence?
Which study explores emotional autonomy in adolescents?
Which study explores emotional autonomy in adolescents?
What research tool was analyzed for reliability and validity regarding puberty?
What research tool was analyzed for reliability and validity regarding puberty?
Which demographic data source was cited for Forsyth County, North Carolina?
Which demographic data source was cited for Forsyth County, North Carolina?
Which researchers conducted a study on the expectations of mothers and children for adolescence?
Which researchers conducted a study on the expectations of mothers and children for adolescence?
What is one of the key themes discussed by Peterson et al. in their self-report measure?
What is one of the key themes discussed by Peterson et al. in their self-report measure?
Flashcards
Generalized beliefs
Generalized beliefs
Generalized beliefs about a group of people, often influenced by stereotypes and assumptions.
Child-Specific beliefs
Child-Specific beliefs
Specific beliefs held by parents about their own child's capabilities or behaviors.
Category-Based Beliefs
Category-Based Beliefs
The process of forming judgments and expectations based on group membership rather than individual characteristics.
Generalized beliefs influencing expectations
Generalized beliefs influencing expectations
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Eccles' Model
Eccles' Model
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Parents' expectations influenced by perceptions
Parents' expectations influenced by perceptions
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Negative stereotypes affecting expectations
Negative stereotypes affecting expectations
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Evidence for Category-Based Beliefs
Evidence for Category-Based Beliefs
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Pubertal Development Score (PDS)
Pubertal Development Score (PDS)
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Z-score
Z-score
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Mothers' Reports
Mothers' Reports
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Expectations for the Child's Adolescent Years
Expectations for the Child's Adolescent Years
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Child Attributes
Child Attributes
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Generalized Beliefs & Expectations
Generalized Beliefs & Expectations
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Attribute-Expectation Link
Attribute-Expectation Link
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Self-fulfilling prophecy
Self-fulfilling prophecy
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Parenting style based on stereotypes
Parenting style based on stereotypes
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Parental perception of adolescence
Parental perception of adolescence
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Factors influencing parental beliefs
Factors influencing parental beliefs
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Negative stereotype of adolescence
Negative stereotype of adolescence
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Delaying intervention due to stereotypes
Delaying intervention due to stereotypes
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Cultural ideas about adolescents
Cultural ideas about adolescents
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Positive perception of adolescence
Positive perception of adolescence
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Parents' Child-Specific Beliefs
Parents' Child-Specific Beliefs
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Mothers' Reports of Puberty
Mothers' Reports of Puberty
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Expectations for Adolescent Years
Expectations for Adolescent Years
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Impact of an older sibling's experience
Impact of an older sibling's experience
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Study Notes
Mothers' Generalized Beliefs About Adolescents: Links to Expectations for a Specific Child
- Study examined if mothers' general beliefs about adolescents predict their expectations for their own child's adolescent years.
- Participants were 75 mothers of sixth or seventh graders.
- Mothers' generalized beliefs predicted their expectations for their child, even considering the child's current mood, closeness with mother, and other attributes.
- Mothers who believed adolescents were risk-taking, rebellious, or had internalizing problems expected their own child to have a difficult adolescence.
- Mothers who believed adolescents were prosocial expected a closer parent-child relationship.
- This link between mothers' beliefs and their expectations did not depend on the child's pubertal stage or gender.
- Parental beliefs about adolescence could affect parenting behaviors and relationships.
Method
- 75 mothers of early adolescents participated.
- 34 had sons, 41 had daughters; 40 in 6th grade, 35 in 7th.
- Participants were mostly European American, married, with incomes above $50,000, and had a college degree.
- Mothers completed scales assessing their generalized beliefs about adolescents, their expectations for their own child, the adolescent's temperament, mood, and school grades.
- Additional measures included the child's pubertal status.
Results
- Generalized beliefs about adolescents predicted expectations for their own child's adolescence.
- Mothers with more negative beliefs about adolescents expected more difficulties for their child.
- Mothers' expectations for a closer relationship with their child were related to less negative beliefs about adolescents.
- Child's current attributes did not explain the link between the mothers' generalized beliefs and their expectations for their child.
- Pubertal status and gender did not significantly alter the relationship between generalized beliefs and expectations for the child.
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