Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the total monthly mortgage payment for the client mentioned in the text?
What is the total monthly mortgage payment for the client mentioned in the text?
What is the amount of interest the client pays on their mortgage each month?
What is the amount of interest the client pays on their mortgage each month?
If the client were to repay £20,000 of their mortgage, how would their monthly interest payment be affected?
If the client were to repay £20,000 of their mortgage, how would their monthly interest payment be affected?
How long would it take for the client to pay off their mortgage if they were to repay £20,000 of the mortgage and keep their monthly payments the same?
How long would it take for the client to pay off their mortgage if they were to repay £20,000 of the mortgage and keep their monthly payments the same?
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If the client invested £20,000 in a deposit account instead of using it to reduce their mortgage, what rate of return would they need to achieve to see a benefit compared to reducing their mortgage payments?
If the client invested £20,000 in a deposit account instead of using it to reduce their mortgage, what rate of return would they need to achieve to see a benefit compared to reducing their mortgage payments?
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What type of investment is recommended for clients with short-term investment objectives?
What type of investment is recommended for clients with short-term investment objectives?
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What is a significant factor that influences the level of risk a client is willing to take in investments?
What is a significant factor that influences the level of risk a client is willing to take in investments?
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Why can fluctuating investments be considered riskier in the short term?
Why can fluctuating investments be considered riskier in the short term?
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What is the primary purpose of UK Sustainable Investment and Finance (UKSIF)?
What is the primary purpose of UK Sustainable Investment and Finance (UKSIF)?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a company that would be considered ethically positive?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a company that would be considered ethically positive?
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What is the purpose of Vigeo Eiris organization?
What is the purpose of Vigeo Eiris organization?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an ethical fund?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an ethical fund?
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What is the primary focus of the Ethical Investment Association?
What is the primary focus of the Ethical Investment Association?
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Which organization was established in 1983 to research and screen companies for their ethical practices?
Which organization was established in 1983 to research and screen companies for their ethical practices?
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Which of the following practices is NOT considered a negative factor in ethical investment?
Which of the following practices is NOT considered a negative factor in ethical investment?
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How has socially responsible investment evolved over the years?
How has socially responsible investment evolved over the years?
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Why might a client's investments be reviewed?
Why might a client's investments be reviewed?
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What is one reason why a client might benefit from repaying debt rather than investing?
What is one reason why a client might benefit from repaying debt rather than investing?
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How can a client's investment be made more tax efficient?
How can a client's investment be made more tax efficient?
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What is a potential consequence of an inflexible investment plan?
What is a potential consequence of an inflexible investment plan?
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How does a client's anticipated future needs influence investment recommendations?
How does a client's anticipated future needs influence investment recommendations?
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What is the primary reason to consider a client's current situation before providing investment advice?
What is the primary reason to consider a client's current situation before providing investment advice?
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Why is it crucial to consider a client's potential future needs when crafting an investment plan?
Why is it crucial to consider a client's potential future needs when crafting an investment plan?
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What is the potential impact of a client's investment strategy not being flexible enough to handle reduced contributions?
What is the potential impact of a client's investment strategy not being flexible enough to handle reduced contributions?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason why debt repayment should be considered as part of an investment strategy?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why debt repayment should be considered as part of an investment strategy?
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Based on the portfolio provided, which asset class has performed the worst in terms of percentage return on original investment?
Based on the portfolio provided, which asset class has performed the worst in terms of percentage return on original investment?
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Which of the following BEST describes the portfolio as a whole based on its asset allocation, assuming the investor is aiming for long-term growth?
Which of the following BEST describes the portfolio as a whole based on its asset allocation, assuming the investor is aiming for long-term growth?
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Which of the following best describes the process of 'positive screening' in ethical investment?
Which of the following best describes the process of 'positive screening' in ethical investment?
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Which of the following is a possible way a firm can assess an investor's attitude to risk?
Which of the following is a possible way a firm can assess an investor's attitude to risk?
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Which of the following BEST describes the role of asset allocation in deciding investments when model portfolios are NOT used?
Which of the following BEST describes the role of asset allocation in deciding investments when model portfolios are NOT used?
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Which of the following could be a reason why a firm using model portfolios for investors would NOT use the same model portfolio for all clients?
Which of the following could be a reason why a firm using model portfolios for investors would NOT use the same model portfolio for all clients?
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What is the main purpose of a 'funds of funds' investment?
What is the main purpose of a 'funds of funds' investment?
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What is a potential drawback associated with investing in multiple 'funds of funds'?
What is a potential drawback associated with investing in multiple 'funds of funds'?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor an advisor should consider when providing investment advice?
Which of the following is NOT a factor an advisor should consider when providing investment advice?
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What is the primary characteristic of a tracker fund?
What is the primary characteristic of a tracker fund?
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What is meant by socially responsible (ethical) investment?
What is meant by socially responsible (ethical) investment?
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Which of the following is a key principle of providing effective investment advice?
Which of the following is a key principle of providing effective investment advice?
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What type of investment typically involves spreading capital across multiple other retail funds?
What type of investment typically involves spreading capital across multiple other retail funds?
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What is a potential concern regarding the diversification strategy of investing in multiple funds of funds?
What is a potential concern regarding the diversification strategy of investing in multiple funds of funds?
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What is the primary objective of the FCA's 'know your client' requirement for financial advisors?
What is the primary objective of the FCA's 'know your client' requirement for financial advisors?
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What is a key difference in investment needs between early and later stages of life?
What is a key difference in investment needs between early and later stages of life?
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Which of the following factors IS NOT explicitly mentioned in the text as being a key consideration for financial advisors?
Which of the following factors IS NOT explicitly mentioned in the text as being a key consideration for financial advisors?
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What is the primary goal of 'robo-advice' as described in the text?
What is the primary goal of 'robo-advice' as described in the text?
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How does 'robo-advice' typically work, according to the text?
How does 'robo-advice' typically work, according to the text?
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What is the FCA's proposed approach towards 'robo-advice'?
What is the FCA's proposed approach towards 'robo-advice'?
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What is the main difference between 'robo-advice' and traditional, regulatory-based advice, according to the text?
What is the main difference between 'robo-advice' and traditional, regulatory-based advice, according to the text?
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Which of these factors is considered crucial for financial advisors to ensure client satisfaction, as per the text?
Which of these factors is considered crucial for financial advisors to ensure client satisfaction, as per the text?
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Flashcards
Investment Purpose
Investment Purpose
The aim behind a client's investments to achieve specific financial goals.
Capital Growth
Capital Growth
Increase in the value of an investment over time, often sought through stocks or funds.
Tax Efficiency
Tax Efficiency
The strategic placement of investments to minimize tax liabilities.
Investment Flexibility
Investment Flexibility
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Future Needs
Future Needs
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Debt Repayment vs Investing
Debt Repayment vs Investing
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Child Expenses Impact
Child Expenses Impact
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Investment Strategy Review
Investment Strategy Review
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Mortgage Interest Payment
Mortgage Interest Payment
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Mortgage Capital Repayment
Mortgage Capital Repayment
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Tax Impact on Earnings
Tax Impact on Earnings
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Investing vs. Debt Repayment
Investing vs. Debt Repayment
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Investment Time Horizon
Investment Time Horizon
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Risk Tolerance
Risk Tolerance
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Equities Investment Rationale
Equities Investment Rationale
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Prudent Short-term Investments
Prudent Short-term Investments
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Know Your Client (KYC)
Know Your Client (KYC)
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Attitude to Risk
Attitude to Risk
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Client Objectives
Client Objectives
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Current and Future Financial Circumstances
Current and Future Financial Circumstances
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Timescale
Timescale
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Diversification
Diversification
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Robo-Advice
Robo-Advice
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Ongoing Reviews
Ongoing Reviews
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Vigeo Eiris
Vigeo Eiris
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Socially Responsible Investment (SRI)
Socially Responsible Investment (SRI)
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Positive Criteria
Positive Criteria
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Negative Criteria
Negative Criteria
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UK Sustainable Investment and Finance (UKSIF)
UK Sustainable Investment and Finance (UKSIF)
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Ethical Investment Association
Ethical Investment Association
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Avoidance Policy
Avoidance Policy
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Engagement
Engagement
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Funds of Funds
Funds of Funds
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Multi-Manager Funds
Multi-Manager Funds
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Tracker Funds
Tracker Funds
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Risk Attitude
Risk Attitude
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Client Needs and Objectives
Client Needs and Objectives
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Ethical Investment
Ethical Investment
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Asset Allocation
Asset Allocation
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Debt Repayment in Investment
Debt Repayment in Investment
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Model Portfolios
Model Portfolios
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Ethical Investment Screening
Ethical Investment Screening
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Positive Screening
Positive Screening
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Negative Screening
Negative Screening
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Asset Allocation Decision
Asset Allocation Decision
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Investor's Attitude to Risk
Investor's Attitude to Risk
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Portfolio Review Recommendations
Portfolio Review Recommendations
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Study Notes
Learning Objectives for Topic 14: Advice
- Advisers must understand the know your client requirements of the FCA
- Advisers need to ensure they give clients suitable advice
- Key factors considered include the client's risk attitude, objectives, financial circumstances, timescale, amount, diversification/balance, asset allocation, tax position, and socially responsible investment
- Ongoing reviews are essential
FCA Regulation: Financial Advice Principles
- Financial advice must be based on thorough knowledge of the client's relevant information
- Advisers must act fairly and in the client's best interests (FCA principles)
- The client's investment needs change throughout their life, with different objectives at different stages (e.g., saving during early life, investing capital for income later in life)
Robo-advice
- Robo-advice is designed to meet the basic needs of clients who can't afford standard fees
- It uses an online questionnaire to recommend client-suitable portfolios or products
- Automated advice or used in conjunction with human support
- Increase in robo-advice is encouraged to help new entrants and encourage innovation
Factors to Consider: 'Know Your Client'
- Review figure 14.1 for key considerations
- Ethical attitude, tax position, risk, objectives, customer considerations, asset allocation, current and future circumstances, diversification & balance, amount, and timescale
- Client's attitude to risk is a primary consideration when making recommendations
- Consideration of client objectives, especially with regard to capital vs. income and whether the client wants income immediately or in the future or at a specified time.
- The client's ability to withstand possible losses must be investigated and discussed clearly with the investor.
Client's Capacity for Loss
- How a loss of investment money may affect a client's life and living standards
- Considerations for existing debts, future capital needs or obligations (e.g., upcoming expenses like school fees or property purchases)
- The nearer a client is to retirement, the less capacity for loss is typically considered
- Adviser must ensure the client understands exactly all the considerations regarding capacity for loss.
Establishing Client Attitude to Risk
- Explaining different types of risk (e.g., risk to capital, risk to income, and comparisons between deposit vs. shares)
- Consideration of the timing of investment (short-term vs. long-term) and whether the objective of the investment might be affected by this
- Client's preference is considered regarding any particular investment
Portfolio Approach
- Adviser presents hypothetical portfolios (low risk/low return, medium risk/medium return, high risk/high return) composed of specific investment products, to gauge the client's risk tolerance
- Clients' attitude to investment risk is categorized as risk averse, low risk, medium risk or speculative depending on their profile
Client's Objectives
- The client's objectives are a significant factor in determining their risk tolerance
- Specific objectives (e.g., loan repayment, school fees) require a more conservative approach
- Longer-term objectives (e.g., retirement) might afford a more speculative approach if necessary
- Adviser must ensure there are realistic levels of expectation regarding each objective for each investment, and that each objective can be met within the timeframe and/ or that the client understands that not all objectives will be met within the expected timeframe.
Time Horizon
- The investment timeframe impacts the acceptable level of risk
- Short-term objectives necessitate less risk and more liquid investments
- Longer-term objectives allow for more speculative investments
The Amount
- The size of the investment influences the degree of risk acceptable (larger investment = potentially more speculative)
- Maintaining an emergency fund (e.g., 3-6 months income/expenditure, 10% of capital) is crucial for any investment strategy
Client's Tax Position
- Taxes can significantly impact investment decisions; need to account for current and potential tax implications
- Tax-efficient investment methods should be considered to mitigate the impact of taxes
- Tax legislation is subject to change
Sustainable Investment
- Many investors prioritize investments with positive environmental, social, or governance (ESG) factors
- Negative and positive screening processes are used in ethical investment
- Engagement with investee companies may also be considered
Ongoing Portfolio Reviews
- Reviews and portfolio adjustments are important as circumstances, client needs, market conditions will change
- Advisers need to match the client's changing needs with their new objectives and risk profiles
- There is value in frequent reviews to prevent the portfolio falling out of alignment with client objectives
Ethical Investment Indices
- FTSE4Good indices illustrate the performance of ethical companies and their social and environmental impact
- Indices include geographical-specific data to provide accurate performance measures for various markets
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Description
Test your knowledge on mortgage payment calculations and investment strategies. This quiz covers topics such as mortgage interest repayments, investment returns, and risk levels in short-term investments. See how well you understand the financial implications of different investment choices.