Morphology of Fungi

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Questions and Answers

What is the study of fungi and their relationship to human disease called?

  • Medical Mycology (correct)
  • Morphologic Mycology
  • Fungal Pathology
  • Fungal Biology

What is the characteristic appearance of mold colonies?

  • Woolly, fluffy, or velvety, sometimes punctuated with a granular or powdery aspect (correct)
  • Shiny and metallic
  • Transparent and glassy
  • Slimy and mucoid

What type of fungi are elevated to the status of pathogen by modern therapies and diseases?

  • Opportunistic pathogens (correct)
  • True pathogens
  • Saprophytic fungi
  • Environmental fungi

What is the term for the formation of asexual reproductive structures in molds?

<p>Coidiogenesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the different forms of fungi?

<p>Morphologic Forms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of branching is characteristic of Aspergillus spp.?

<p>Dichotomous branching (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for fungi that produce a dark pigment, resulting in dark green, brown, or black colonies?

<p>Dematiaceous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary means of identification of mold fungi?

<p>Characterization of asexual reproductive structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for fungi that lack dark hyphal pigmentation and appear light-colored or clear?

<p>Hyaline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of spores are produced by cleavage within an encompassing structure called a sporangium?

<p>Sporangiospores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of yeast colonies on agar surface?

<p>Smooth with a regular edge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the filamentous extensions from the edges of yeast colonies?

<p>Pseudohyphae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fungi exhibits dimorphic behavior?

<p>Blastomyces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of both yeast cells and hyphae in cutaneous lesions?

<p>Reverse dimorphism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a nonhyphal cell produced by black molds?

<p>Sclerotic bodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal temperature for the formation of true germ tubes?

<p>37 áµ’C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is commonly used to examine mold morphology?

<p>Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB) stain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of true germ tubes?

<p>Parallel cell walls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a slide culture in mycology?

<p>To preserve conidial structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the germ tube test?

<p>As an initial step in yeast identification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of yeast cells that differentiates them from bacteria in Gram stain?

<p>Larger size and presence of budding cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is useful for demonstrating internal details of fungal cells?

<p>Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Calcofluor White Stain in mycology?

<p>To bind to the chitin in the walls of fungal cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fungi is studied using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain?

<p>Both hyaline and dematiaceous fungi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using Gomori’s Methenamine Silver (GMS) stain?

<p>It provides high contrast with minimal background staining (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a true hyphae?

<p>Presence of constriction at the junction of adjacent cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidiogenesis involves the formation of a septum between the conidium and parent cell?

<p>Septated conidiogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure arises from a vesicle to support chains of conidia?

<p>Conidiophores (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

India Ink is recommended for staining which type of fungal infection?

<p>Histoplasmosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a metallic blue colony on CHROM agar?

<p>Candida albicans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidiogenesis is exhibited by dermatophytes and dimorphic fungi in the genus Coccidioides?

<p>Thallic conidiogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of macroconidia of dermatophytes?

<p>Large, septate, and complex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of media favors the growth of vegetative mycelium?

<p>Enriched media (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On which type of agar is the color of Aspergillus colonies best studied?

<p>Potato flake agar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature used to convert mold phase to tissue phase in endemic fungal pathogens?

<p>37°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pigment is produced by Trichophyton rubrum?

<p>Red (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of demonstrating dimorphism in endemic fungal pathogens?

<p>To identify the fungus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidia are easily fragmented and disseminated?

<p>Arthroconidia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of subculturing onto water agar or potato flake agar?

<p>To induce conidiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical incubation temperature for initial fungal isolates?

<p>30°C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type supports chains of conidia in Aspergillus spp.?

<p>Phialide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

<p>Conidiogenesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the separation of daughter and parent cells does not occur?

<p>Formation of a pseudohypha (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the principal means of asexual reproduction in yeast?

<p>Budding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a specialized hypha that supports conidia?

<p>Conidiophore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of conidiogenesis exhibited by dermatophytes and dimorphic fungi in the genus Coccidioides?

<p>Thallic conidiogenesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of demonstrating dimorphism in endemic fungal pathogens?

<p>To differentiate between yeast and mold phases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of macroconidia of dermatophytes?

<p>They are large and septate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of subculturing onto water agar or potato flake agar?

<p>To induce the production of conidia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidia are characterized by being barrel-shaped and easily fragmented?

<p>Arthroconidia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of true germ tubes?

<p>Parallel cell walls in the germ tube (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a slide culture in mycology?

<p>To preserve conidial structures in their original relationships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal temperature for the formation of true germ tubes?

<p>37 áµ’C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stain is commonly used to examine mold morphology?

<p>Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB) stain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the germ tube test?

<p>It is an important initial step in the identification of yeast isolates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are responsible for reproduction in fungi?

<p>Sporangium and Phialides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidiogenesis involves the formation of a septum between the conidium and parent cell?

<p>Thallic conidiogenesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Candida spp produces a metallic blue colony on CHROM agar?

<p>C. albicans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Urease Production Test?

<p>To identify Trichophyton spp (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is recommended if Histoplasmosis is suspected?

<p>India Ink (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the principal means of asexual reproduction in yeast?

<p>Budding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fungi exhibits dimorphic behavior?

<p>Blastomyces and Histoplasma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

<p>Conidiogenesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formation of both yeast cells and hyphae in cutaneous lesions?

<p>Reverse dimorphism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of yeast colonies on agar surface?

<p>Smooth with a regular edge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproductive structure is produced by cleavage within an encompassing structure called a sporangium?

<p>Sporangiospores (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

<p>Conidiogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of certain fungi to exist in two different forms, such as yeast and hyphal forms?

<p>Dimorphism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Calcofluor White Stain in mycology?

<p>To demonstrate internal details of fungal cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the filamentous extensions from the edges of yeast colonies?

<p>Germ tubes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an assimilation test?

<p>To assess the ability of an isolate to use a carbohydrate as the sole source of carbon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Cryptococci species?

<p>They produce urease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formation of asexual reproductive structures in molds?

<p>Conidiogenesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of molecular identification in mycology?

<p>To identify the species of fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of transformation of mold to yeast phase?

<p>Dimorphism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a PNA-FISH assay?

<p>To identify Candida species in blood culture bottles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

<p>Conidiogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of conidiogenesis exhibited by dermatophytes?

<p>Production of macroconidia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of demonstrating dimorphism in endemic fungal pathogens?

<p>To differentiate between mold and yeast phases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of both yeast cells and hyphae in cutaneous lesions?

<p>Dimorphism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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