Morphology of Fungi

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What is the study of fungi and their relationship to human disease called?

Medical Mycology (correct)

Morphologic Mycology

Fungal Pathology

Fungal Biology

What is the characteristic appearance of mold colonies?

Woolly, fluffy, or velvety, sometimes punctuated with a granular or powdery aspect (correct)

Shiny and metallic

Transparent and glassy

Slimy and mucoid

What type of fungi are elevated to the status of pathogen by modern therapies and diseases?

Opportunistic pathogens (correct)

True pathogens

Saprophytic fungi

Environmental fungi

What is the term for the formation of asexual reproductive structures in molds?

Coidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the different forms of fungi?

Morphologic Forms Signup and view all the answers

What type of branching is characteristic of Aspergillus spp.?

Dichotomous branching Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for fungi that produce a dark pigment, resulting in dark green, brown, or black colonies?

Dematiaceous Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary means of identification of mold fungi?

Characterization of asexual reproductive structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for fungi that lack dark hyphal pigmentation and appear light-colored or clear?

Hyaline Signup and view all the answers

What type of spores are produced by cleavage within an encompassing structure called a sporangium?

Sporangiospores Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of yeast colonies on agar surface?

Smooth with a regular edge Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the filamentous extensions from the edges of yeast colonies?

Pseudohyphae Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fungi exhibits dimorphic behavior?

Blastomyces Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of both yeast cells and hyphae in cutaneous lesions?

Reverse dimorphism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a nonhyphal cell produced by black molds?

Sclerotic bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal temperature for the formation of true germ tubes?

37 ᵒC Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is commonly used to examine mold morphology?

Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB) stain Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of true germ tubes?

Parallel cell walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a slide culture in mycology?

To preserve conidial structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the germ tube test?

As an initial step in yeast identification Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of yeast cells that differentiates them from bacteria in Gram stain?

Larger size and presence of budding cells Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is useful for demonstrating internal details of fungal cells?

Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) method Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Calcofluor White Stain in mycology?

To bind to the chitin in the walls of fungal cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fungi is studied using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain?

Both hyaline and dematiaceous fungi Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using Gomori’s Methenamine Silver (GMS) stain?

It provides high contrast with minimal background staining Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a true hyphae?

Presence of constriction at the junction of adjacent cells Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidiogenesis involves the formation of a septum between the conidium and parent cell?

Septated conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Which structure arises from a vesicle to support chains of conidia?

Conidiophores Signup and view all the answers

India Ink is recommended for staining which type of fungal infection?

Histoplasmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a metallic blue colony on CHROM agar?

Candida albicans Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidiogenesis is exhibited by dermatophytes and dimorphic fungi in the genus Coccidioides?

Thallic conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of macroconidia of dermatophytes?

Large, septate, and complex Signup and view all the answers

What type of media favors the growth of vegetative mycelium?

Enriched media Signup and view all the answers

On which type of agar is the color of Aspergillus colonies best studied?

Potato flake agar Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature used to convert mold phase to tissue phase in endemic fungal pathogens?

37°C Signup and view all the answers

What type of pigment is produced by Trichophyton rubrum?

Red Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of demonstrating dimorphism in endemic fungal pathogens?

To identify the fungus Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidia are easily fragmented and disseminated?

Arthroconidia Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of subculturing onto water agar or potato flake agar?

To induce conidiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical incubation temperature for initial fungal isolates?

30°C Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type supports chains of conidia in Aspergillus spp.?

Phialide Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

Conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the separation of daughter and parent cells does not occur?

Formation of a pseudohypha Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the principal means of asexual reproduction in yeast?

Budding Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a specialized hypha that supports conidia?

Conidiophore Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of conidiogenesis exhibited by dermatophytes and dimorphic fungi in the genus Coccidioides?

Thallic conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of demonstrating dimorphism in endemic fungal pathogens?

To differentiate between yeast and mold phases Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of macroconidia of dermatophytes?

They are large and septate Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of subculturing onto water agar or potato flake agar?

To induce the production of conidia Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidia are characterized by being barrel-shaped and easily fragmented?

Arthroconidia Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of true germ tubes?

Parallel cell walls in the germ tube Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a slide culture in mycology?

To preserve conidial structures in their original relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal temperature for the formation of true germ tubes?

37 ᵒC Signup and view all the answers

What stain is commonly used to examine mold morphology?

Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB) stain Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the germ tube test?

It is an important initial step in the identification of yeast isolates Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are responsible for reproduction in fungi?

Sporangium and Phialides Signup and view all the answers

What type of conidiogenesis involves the formation of a septum between the conidium and parent cell?

Thallic conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Which Candida spp produces a metallic blue colony on CHROM agar?

C. albicans Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Urease Production Test?

To identify Trichophyton spp Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is recommended if Histoplasmosis is suspected?

India Ink Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the principal means of asexual reproduction in yeast?

Budding Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fungi exhibits dimorphic behavior?

Blastomyces and Histoplasma Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

Conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formation of both yeast cells and hyphae in cutaneous lesions?

Reverse dimorphism Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of yeast colonies on agar surface?

Smooth with a regular edge Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproductive structure is produced by cleavage within an encompassing structure called a sporangium?

Sporangiospores Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

Conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of certain fungi to exist in two different forms, such as yeast and hyphal forms?

Dimorphism Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Calcofluor White Stain in mycology?

To demonstrate internal details of fungal cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the filamentous extensions from the edges of yeast colonies?

Germ tubes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an assimilation test?

To assess the ability of an isolate to use a carbohydrate as the sole source of carbon Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Cryptococci species?

They produce urease Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formation of asexual reproductive structures in molds?

Conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of molecular identification in mycology?

To identify the species of fungi Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of transformation of mold to yeast phase?

Dimorphism Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a PNA-FISH assay?

To identify Candida species in blood culture bottles Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

Conidiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of conidiogenesis exhibited by dermatophytes?

Production of macroconidia Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of demonstrating dimorphism in endemic fungal pathogens?

To differentiate between mold and yeast phases Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of both yeast cells and hyphae in cutaneous lesions?

Dimorphism Signup and view all the answers

Morphology of Fungi

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Questions and Answers

What is the study of fungi and their relationship to human disease called?

What is the characteristic appearance of mold colonies?

What type of fungi are elevated to the status of pathogen by modern therapies and diseases?

What is the term for the formation of asexual reproductive structures in molds?

What is the term for the different forms of fungi?

What type of branching is characteristic of Aspergillus spp.?

What is the term for fungi that produce a dark pigment, resulting in dark green, brown, or black colonies?

What is the primary means of identification of mold fungi?

What is the term for fungi that lack dark hyphal pigmentation and appear light-colored or clear?

What type of spores are produced by cleavage within an encompassing structure called a sporangium?

What is the characteristic of yeast colonies on agar surface?

What is the term for the filamentous extensions from the edges of yeast colonies?

Which of the following fungi exhibits dimorphic behavior?

What is the term for the production of both yeast cells and hyphae in cutaneous lesions?

Which of the following is an example of a nonhyphal cell produced by black molds?

What is the optimal temperature for the formation of true germ tubes?

Which stain is commonly used to examine mold morphology?

What is the characteristic feature of true germ tubes?

What is the purpose of a slide culture in mycology?

What is the significance of the germ tube test?

What is a characteristic of yeast cells that differentiates them from bacteria in Gram stain?

Which stain is useful for demonstrating internal details of fungal cells?

What is the purpose of Calcofluor White Stain in mycology?

Which type of fungi is studied using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain?

What is the advantage of using Gomori’s Methenamine Silver (GMS) stain?

What is the characteristic of a true hyphae?

What type of conidiogenesis involves the formation of a septum between the conidium and parent cell?

Which structure arises from a vesicle to support chains of conidia?

India Ink is recommended for staining which type of fungal infection?

What is the characteristic of a metallic blue colony on CHROM agar?

What type of conidiogenesis is exhibited by dermatophytes and dimorphic fungi in the genus Coccidioides?

What is the characteristic of macroconidia of dermatophytes?

What type of media favors the growth of vegetative mycelium?

On which type of agar is the color of Aspergillus colonies best studied?

What is the temperature used to convert mold phase to tissue phase in endemic fungal pathogens?

What type of pigment is produced by Trichophyton rubrum?

What is the purpose of demonstrating dimorphism in endemic fungal pathogens?

What type of conidia are easily fragmented and disseminated?

What is the purpose of subculturing onto water agar or potato flake agar?

What is the typical incubation temperature for initial fungal isolates?

Which cell type supports chains of conidia in Aspergillus spp.?

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

What occurs when the separation of daughter and parent cells does not occur?

What is the term for the principal means of asexual reproduction in yeast?

What is the term for a specialized hypha that supports conidia?

What is the characteristic of conidiogenesis exhibited by dermatophytes and dimorphic fungi in the genus Coccidioides?

What is the purpose of demonstrating dimorphism in endemic fungal pathogens?

What is the characteristic of macroconidia of dermatophytes?

What is the purpose of subculturing onto water agar or potato flake agar?

What type of conidia are characterized by being barrel-shaped and easily fragmented?

What is the characteristic feature of true germ tubes?

What is the purpose of a slide culture in mycology?

What is the optimal temperature for the formation of true germ tubes?

What stain is commonly used to examine mold morphology?

What is the significance of the germ tube test?

Which structures are responsible for reproduction in fungi?

What type of conidiogenesis involves the formation of a septum between the conidium and parent cell?

Which Candida spp produces a metallic blue colony on CHROM agar?

What is the purpose of the Urease Production Test?

Which stain is recommended if Histoplasmosis is suspected?

What is the term for the principal means of asexual reproduction in yeast?

Which type of fungi exhibits dimorphic behavior?

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

What is the term for the formation of both yeast cells and hyphae in cutaneous lesions?

What is the characteristic feature of yeast colonies on agar surface?

What type of reproductive structure is produced by cleavage within an encompassing structure called a sporangium?

What is the term for the process of conidium formation?

What is the term for the ability of certain fungi to exist in two different forms, such as yeast and hyphal forms?

What is the purpose of using Calcofluor White Stain in mycology?

What is the term for the filamentous extensions from the edges of yeast colonies?

What is the purpose of an assimilation test?

What is the characteristic of Cryptococci species?

What is the term for the formation of asexual reproductive structures in molds?

What is the purpose of molecular identification in mycology?

What is the term for the process of transformation of mold to yeast phase?

What is the purpose of a PNA-FISH assay?