M+S L1)Morphology: Lexemes and Word Inflection
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a way to inflect a noun?

  • Changing its part of speech
  • Changing its number
  • Changing its degree
  • Changing its tense (correct)

    • What is the term for a set of all inflected or alternating forms in a minimal lexical unit paradigm?

  • Lexeme (correct)
  • Inflectional paradigm
  • Morpheme
  • Word stem

    • What is the result of derivation in linguistics?

  • Changing the syntactic category of a word
  • Creating new forms of the same lexeme
  • Creating new lexemes (correct)
  • Changing the part of speech of a word

    • Which of the following is an example of a lexeme with only one morpheme as its root?

    <p>Happy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a group of word forms that share the same meaning and syntactic properties?

    <p>Lexeme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following words is NOT a form of the lexeme 'teach'?

    <p>Teacher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of linguistics studies the sound system of a language?

    <p>Phonology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the internalized dictionary that contains an enormous number of words that we can produce or understand?

    <p>Mental lexicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of creating new words or lexemes from existing ones?

    <p>Word formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a unit of language that has a specific meaning or function?

    <p>Lexeme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the branch of linguistics that studies the structure of words and how they are formed?

    <p>Morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of modifying a word to indicate grammatical function?

    <p>Inflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a lexeme?

    <p>A group of words with the same root and different grammatical endings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between 'revolve' and 'revolution'?

    <p>They are different grammatical forms of the same lexeme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the word type of 'pickles' in the sentence 'the price of pickles is high'?

    <p>Noun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of adding grammatical endings to a root word to form a new word?

    <p>Inflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the words 'happily' and 'happiness'?

    <p>They are different grammatical forms of the same lexeme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of the word 'laughter' in the sentence 'there came familiar laughter'?

    <p>Noun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between inflection and derivation in Morphology?

    <p>Inflection creates forms of the same lexeme, whereas derivation creates new lexemes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a lexeme and its inflected forms?

    <p>A lexeme is a set of all inflected forms that share the same meaning and syntactic properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do adjectives change in form?

    <p>Adjectives change in degree (e.g. bigger, biggest).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the classification of words based on their syntactic properties?

    <p>Lexical category</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the words 'teach' and 'teacher'?

    <p>They are different lexemes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a word that consists of a single morpheme as its root?

    <p>A root.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do linguists classify the process of creating a new word by adding a prefix or suffix to a root word?

    <p>derivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a word that has undergone a change in grammatical function, such as a noun becoming a verb?

    <p>conversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a minimal unit of language that carries a specific meaning or function?

    <p>morpheme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do linguists refer to the process of adding grammatical endings to a root word to form a new word?

    <p>inflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a set of words that share the same meaning and syntactic properties?

    <p>paradigm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do linguists refer to the study of the internal structure of words and how they are formed?

    <p>morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the words 'happily' and 'unhappy' in terms of their grammatical function?

    <p>The primary difference is that 'happily' is an adverb, while 'unhappy' is an adjective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the sentence 'I have replaced my old printer with a new one that prints much faster', what is the word type of 'prints' and what is the lexeme of 'prints'?

    <p>The word type of 'prints' is a verb, and the lexeme of 'prints' is 'print'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the word 'revolution' differ from 'revolutions' in terms of grammatical function?

    <p>The word 'revolution' is a singular noun, while 'revolutions' is a plural noun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the words 'laughter' and 'laugh' in terms of lexemes?

    <p>The word 'laughter' is a derivative of the lexeme 'laugh'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the sentence 'Through the door, there came familiar laughter', what is the word type of 'laughter' and what is the grammatical function of the suffix -ter?

    <p>The word type of 'laughter' is a noun, and the suffix -ter functions as a derivational morpheme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of modifying a word to indicate its grammatical function, such as adding the suffix -s to form a plural noun?

    <p>Inflection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Morphology and Syntax

    • Morphology is the study of words, their formation, and their relationship to other words in the same language.
    • It includes the analysis of root words, affixes, parts of speech, intonation, and stress.

    Lexemes

    • A lexeme is a set of inflected or alternating forms in a minimal lexical unit paradigm.
    • It is a theoretical construct for the single meaning and shared syntactic properties of a group of word forms.
    • Examples: play, plays, played, playing → lexeme play.

    Inflection and Derivation

    • Inflection creates forms of the same lexeme, whereas derivation creates new lexemes.
    • Teach and teaches are inflected forms of the same lexeme (teach), but teacher is a different lexeme with its own meaning and lexical category.

    Word Formation Rules

    • We have a mental lexicon, an internalized dictionary that contains an enormous number of words that we can produce or understand.
    • We also have a set of word formation rules that allow us to create new words and understand new words.

    Classification of Words

    • Words can be classified into different categories, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc.
    • Examples: word token, word type, and lexeme classification.

    Syntax

    • Syntax is the study of sentence structure and word order.
    • It examines how words are combined to form sentences and convey meaning.

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    Description

    Learn about lexemes, a set of inflected forms in a minimal lexical unit paradigm, and how to identify and inflect words belonging to different syntactic categories. Explore the concept of lexemes and its applications in linguistics.

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